add small end buffer to chart x axis

maintains backward compatibility with old permalinks

.github/workflows/docker-images.yml

@@ -33,6 +33,14 @@ jobs:
             registry: docker.io
             username_secret: DOCKERHUB_USERNAME
             password_secret: DOCKERHUB_TOKEN
+            
+          - image: henrygd/beszel-agent-intel
+            context: ./
+            dockerfile: ./internal/dockerfile_agent_intel
+            platforms: linux/amd64
+            registry: docker.io
+            username_secret: DOCKERHUB_USERNAME
+            password_secret: DOCKERHUB_TOKEN
 
           - image: ghcr.io/${{ github.repository }}/beszel
             context: ./
@@ -56,6 +64,14 @@ jobs:
             username: ${{ github.actor }}
             password_secret: GITHUB_TOKEN
 
+          - image: ghcr.io/${{ github.repository }}/beszel-agent-intel
+            context: ./
+            dockerfile: ./internal/dockerfile_agent_intel
+            platforms: linux/amd64
+            registry: ghcr.io
+            username: ${{ github.actor }}
+            password_secret: GITHUB_TOKEN
+
     permissions:
       contents: read
       packages: write

Makefile

@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ dev-hub: export ENV=dev
 dev-hub:
 	mkdir -p ./internal/site/dist && touch ./internal/site/dist/index.html
 	@if command -v entr >/dev/null 2>&1; then \
-		find ./internal/cmd/hub/*.go ./internal/{alerts,hub,records,users}/*.go | entr -r -s "cd ./internal/cmd/hub && go run -tags development . serve --http 0.0.0.0:8090"; \
+		find ./internal -type f -name '*.go' | entr -r -s "cd ./internal/cmd/hub && go run -tags development . serve --http 0.0.0.0:8090"; \
 	else \
 		cd ./internal/cmd/hub && go run -tags development . serve --http 0.0.0.0:8090; \
 	fi

agent/agent.go

@@ -12,33 +12,36 @@ import (
 	"path/filepath"
 	"strings"
 	"sync"
-	"time"
 
 	"github.com/gliderlabs/ssh"
 	"github.com/henrygd/beszel"
+	"github.com/henrygd/beszel/agent/deltatracker"
 	"github.com/henrygd/beszel/internal/entities/system"
 	"github.com/shirou/gopsutil/v4/host"
 	gossh "golang.org/x/crypto/ssh"
 )
 
 type Agent struct {
-	sync.Mutex                                   // Used to lock agent while collecting data
-	debug             bool                       // true if LOG_LEVEL is set to debug
-	zfs               bool                       // true if system has arcstats
-	memCalc           string                     // Memory calculation formula
-	fsNames           []string                   // List of filesystem device names being monitored
-	fsStats           map[string]*system.FsStats // Keeps track of disk stats for each filesystem
-	netInterfaces     map[string]struct{}        // Stores all valid network interfaces
-	netIoStats        system.NetIoStats          // Keeps track of bandwidth usage
-	dockerManager     *dockerManager             // Manages Docker API requests
-	sensorConfig      *SensorConfig              // Sensors config
-	systemInfo        system.Info                // Host system info
-	gpuManager        *GPUManager                // Manages GPU data
-	cache             *SessionCache              // Cache for system stats based on primary session ID
-	connectionManager *ConnectionManager         // Channel to signal connection events
-	server            *ssh.Server                // SSH server
-	dataDir           string                     // Directory for persisting data
-	keys              []gossh.PublicKey          // SSH public keys
+	sync.Mutex                                                                      // Used to lock agent while collecting data
+	debug                     bool                                                  // true if LOG_LEVEL is set to debug
+	zfs                       bool                                                  // true if system has arcstats
+	memCalc                   string                                                // Memory calculation formula
+	fsNames                   []string                                              // List of filesystem device names being monitored
+	fsStats                   map[string]*system.FsStats                            // Keeps track of disk stats for each filesystem
+	diskPrev                  map[uint16]map[string]prevDisk                        // Previous disk I/O counters per cache interval
+	netInterfaces             map[string]struct{}                                   // Stores all valid network interfaces
+	netIoStats                map[uint16]system.NetIoStats                          // Keeps track of bandwidth usage per cache interval
+	netInterfaceDeltaTrackers map[uint16]*deltatracker.DeltaTracker[string, uint64] // Per-cache-time NIC delta trackers
+	dockerManager             *dockerManager                                        // Manages Docker API requests
+	sensorConfig              *SensorConfig                                         // Sensors config
+	systemInfo                system.Info                                           // Host system info
+	gpuManager                *GPUManager                                           // Manages GPU data
+	cache                     *systemDataCache                                      // Cache for system stats based on cache time
+	connectionManager         *ConnectionManager                                    // Channel to signal connection events
+	handlerRegistry           *HandlerRegistry                                      // Registry for routing incoming messages
+	server                    *ssh.Server                                           // SSH server
+	dataDir                   string                                                // Directory for persisting data
+	keys                      []gossh.PublicKey                                     // SSH public keys
 }
 
 // NewAgent creates a new agent with the given data directory for persisting data.
@@ -46,9 +49,15 @@ type Agent struct {
 func NewAgent(dataDir ...string) (agent *Agent, err error) {
 	agent = &Agent{
 		fsStats: make(map[string]*system.FsStats),
-		cache:   NewSessionCache(69 * time.Second),
+		cache:   NewSystemDataCache(),
 	}
 
+	// Initialize disk I/O previous counters storage
+	agent.diskPrev = make(map[uint16]map[string]prevDisk)
+	// Initialize per-cache-time network tracking structures
+	agent.netIoStats = make(map[uint16]system.NetIoStats)
+	agent.netInterfaceDeltaTrackers = make(map[uint16]*deltatracker.DeltaTracker[string, uint64])
+
 	agent.dataDir, err = getDataDir(dataDir...)
 	if err != nil {
 		slog.Warn("Data directory not found")
@@ -79,6 +88,9 @@ func NewAgent(dataDir ...string) (agent *Agent, err error) {
 	// initialize connection manager
 	agent.connectionManager = newConnectionManager(agent)
 
+	// initialize handler registry
+	agent.handlerRegistry = NewHandlerRegistry()
+
 	// initialize disk info
 	agent.initializeDiskInfo()
 
@@ -97,7 +109,7 @@ func NewAgent(dataDir ...string) (agent *Agent, err error) {
 
 	// if debugging, print stats
 	if agent.debug {
-		slog.Debug("Stats", "data", agent.gatherStats(""))
+		slog.Debug("Stats", "data", agent.gatherStats(0))
 	}
 
 	return agent, nil
@@ -112,24 +124,24 @@ func GetEnv(key string) (value string, exists bool) {
 	return os.LookupEnv(key)
 }
 
-func (a *Agent) gatherStats(sessionID string) *system.CombinedData {
+func (a *Agent) gatherStats(cacheTimeMs uint16) *system.CombinedData {
 	a.Lock()
 	defer a.Unlock()
 
-	data, isCached := a.cache.Get(sessionID)
+	data, isCached := a.cache.Get(cacheTimeMs)
 	if isCached {
-		slog.Debug("Cached data", "session", sessionID)
+		slog.Debug("Cached data", "cacheTimeMs", cacheTimeMs)
 		return data
 	}
 
 	*data = system.CombinedData{
-		Stats: a.getSystemStats(),
+		Stats: a.getSystemStats(cacheTimeMs),
 		Info:  a.systemInfo,
 	}
-	slog.Debug("System data", "data", data)
+	// slog.Info("System data", "data", data, "cacheTimeMs", cacheTimeMs)
 
 	if a.dockerManager != nil {
-		if containerStats, err := a.dockerManager.getDockerStats(); err == nil {
+		if containerStats, err := a.dockerManager.getDockerStats(cacheTimeMs); err == nil {
 			data.Containers = containerStats
 			slog.Debug("Containers", "data", data.Containers)
 		} else {
@@ -145,7 +157,7 @@ func (a *Agent) gatherStats(sessionID string) *system.CombinedData {
 	}
 	slog.Debug("Extra FS", "data", data.Stats.ExtraFs)
 
-	a.cache.Set(sessionID, data)
+	a.cache.Set(data, cacheTimeMs)
 	return data
 }
 

agent/agent_cache.go

@@ -1,37 +1,55 @@
 package agent
 
 import (
+	"sync"
 	"time"
 
 	"github.com/henrygd/beszel/internal/entities/system"
 )
 
-// Not thread safe since we only access from gatherStats which is already locked
-type SessionCache struct {
-	data           *system.CombinedData
-	lastUpdate     time.Time
-	primarySession string
-	leaseTime      time.Duration
+type systemDataCache struct {
+	sync.RWMutex
+	cache map[uint16]*cacheNode
 }
 
-func NewSessionCache(leaseTime time.Duration) *SessionCache {
-	return &SessionCache{
-		leaseTime: leaseTime,
-		data:      &system.CombinedData{},
+type cacheNode struct {
+	data       *system.CombinedData
+	lastUpdate time.Time
+}
+
+// NewSystemDataCache creates a cache keyed by the polling interval in milliseconds.
+func NewSystemDataCache() *systemDataCache {
+	return &systemDataCache{
+		cache: make(map[uint16]*cacheNode),
 	}
 }
 
-func (c *SessionCache) Get(sessionID string) (stats *system.CombinedData, isCached bool) {
-	if sessionID != c.primarySession && time.Since(c.lastUpdate) < c.leaseTime {
-		return c.data, true
+// Get returns cached combined data when the entry is still considered fresh.
+func (c *systemDataCache) Get(cacheTimeMs uint16) (stats *system.CombinedData, isCached bool) {
+	c.RLock()
+	defer c.RUnlock()
+
+	node, ok := c.cache[cacheTimeMs]
+	if !ok {
+		return &system.CombinedData{}, false
 	}
-	return c.data, false
+	// allowedSkew := time.Second
+	// isFresh := time.Since(node.lastUpdate) < time.Duration(cacheTimeMs)*time.Millisecond-allowedSkew
+	// allow a 50% skew of the cache time
+	isFresh := time.Since(node.lastUpdate) < time.Duration(cacheTimeMs/2)*time.Millisecond
+	return node.data, isFresh
 }
 
-func (c *SessionCache) Set(sessionID string, data *system.CombinedData) {
-	if data != nil {
-		*c.data = *data
+// Set stores the latest combined data snapshot for the given interval.
+func (c *systemDataCache) Set(data *system.CombinedData, cacheTimeMs uint16) {
+	c.Lock()
+	defer c.Unlock()
+
+	node, ok := c.cache[cacheTimeMs]
+	if !ok {
+		node = &cacheNode{}
+		c.cache[cacheTimeMs] = node
 	}
-	c.primarySession = sessionID
-	c.lastUpdate = time.Now()
+	node.data = data
+	node.lastUpdate = time.Now()
 }

agent/agent_cache_test.go

@@ -8,82 +8,239 @@ import (
 	"testing/synctest"
 	"time"
 
+	"github.com/henrygd/beszel/internal/entities/container"
 	"github.com/henrygd/beszel/internal/entities/system"
-
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
 )
 
-func TestSessionCache_GetSet(t *testing.T) {
-	synctest.Test(t, func(t *testing.T) {
-		cache := NewSessionCache(69 * time.Second)
+func createTestCacheData() *system.CombinedData {
+	return &system.CombinedData{
+		Stats: system.Stats{
+			Cpu:       50.5,
+			Mem:       8192,
+			DiskTotal: 100000,
+		},
+		Info: system.Info{
+			Hostname: "test-host",
+		},
+		Containers: []*container.Stats{
+			{
+				Name: "test-container",
+				Cpu:  25.0,
+			},
+		},
+	}
+}
 
-		testData := &system.CombinedData{
-			Info: system.Info{
-				Hostname: "test-host",
-				Cores:    4,
-			},
+func TestNewSystemDataCache(t *testing.T) {
+	cache := NewSystemDataCache()
+	require.NotNil(t, cache)
+	assert.NotNil(t, cache.cache)
+	assert.Empty(t, cache.cache)
+}
+
+func TestCacheGetSet(t *testing.T) {
+	cache := NewSystemDataCache()
+	data := createTestCacheData()
+
+	// Test setting data
+	cache.Set(data, 1000) // 1 second cache
+
+	// Test getting fresh data
+	retrieved, isCached := cache.Get(1000)
+	assert.True(t, isCached)
+	assert.Equal(t, data, retrieved)
+
+	// Test getting non-existent cache key
+	_, isCached = cache.Get(2000)
+	assert.False(t, isCached)
+}
+
+func TestCacheFreshness(t *testing.T) {
+	cache := NewSystemDataCache()
+	data := createTestCacheData()
+
+	testCases := []struct {
+		name        string
+		cacheTimeMs uint16
+		sleepMs     time.Duration
+		expectFresh bool
+	}{
+		{
+			name:        "fresh data - well within cache time",
+			cacheTimeMs: 1000, // 1 second
+			sleepMs:     100,  // 100ms
+			expectFresh: true,
+		},
+		{
+			name:        "fresh data - at 50% of cache time boundary",
+			cacheTimeMs: 1000, // 1 second, 50% = 500ms
+			sleepMs:     499,  // just under 500ms
+			expectFresh: true,
+		},
+		{
+			name:        "stale data - exactly at 50% cache time",
+			cacheTimeMs: 1000, // 1 second, 50% = 500ms
+			sleepMs:     500,  // exactly 500ms
+			expectFresh: false,
+		},
+		{
+			name:        "stale data - well beyond cache time",
+			cacheTimeMs: 1000, // 1 second
+			sleepMs:     800,  // 800ms
+			expectFresh: false,
+		},
+		{
+			name:        "short cache time",
+			cacheTimeMs: 200, // 200ms, 50% = 100ms
+			sleepMs:     150, // 150ms > 100ms
+			expectFresh: false,
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tc := range testCases {
+		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			synctest.Test(t, func(t *testing.T) {
+				// Set data
+				cache.Set(data, tc.cacheTimeMs)
+
+				// Wait for the specified duration
+				if tc.sleepMs > 0 {
+					time.Sleep(tc.sleepMs * time.Millisecond)
+				}
+
+				// Check freshness
+				_, isCached := cache.Get(tc.cacheTimeMs)
+				assert.Equal(t, tc.expectFresh, isCached)
+			})
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestCacheMultipleIntervals(t *testing.T) {
+	synctest.Test(t, func(t *testing.T) {
+		cache := NewSystemDataCache()
+		data1 := createTestCacheData()
+		data2 := &system.CombinedData{
 			Stats: system.Stats{
-				Cpu:     50.0,
-				MemPct:  30.0,
-				DiskPct: 40.0,
+				Cpu: 75.0,
+				Mem: 16384,
 			},
+			Info: system.Info{
+				Hostname: "test-host-2",
+			},
+			Containers: []*container.Stats{},
 		}
 
-		// Test initial state - should not be cached
-		data, isCached := cache.Get("session1")
-		assert.False(t, isCached, "Expected no cached data initially")
-		assert.NotNil(t, data, "Expected data to be initialized")
-		// Set data for session1
-		cache.Set("session1", testData)
+		// Set data for different intervals
+		cache.Set(data1, 500)  // 500ms cache
+		cache.Set(data2, 1000) // 1000ms cache
 
-		time.Sleep(15 * time.Second)
+		// Both should be fresh immediately
+		retrieved1, isCached1 := cache.Get(500)
+		assert.True(t, isCached1)
+		assert.Equal(t, data1, retrieved1)
 
-		// Get data for a different session - should be cached
-		data, isCached = cache.Get("session2")
-		assert.True(t, isCached, "Expected data to be cached for non-primary session")
-		require.NotNil(t, data, "Expected cached data to be returned")
-		assert.Equal(t, "test-host", data.Info.Hostname, "Hostname should match test data")
-		assert.Equal(t, 4, data.Info.Cores, "Cores should match test data")
-		assert.Equal(t, 50.0, data.Stats.Cpu, "CPU should match test data")
-		assert.Equal(t, 30.0, data.Stats.MemPct, "Memory percentage should match test data")
-		assert.Equal(t, 40.0, data.Stats.DiskPct, "Disk percentage should match test data")
+		retrieved2, isCached2 := cache.Get(1000)
+		assert.True(t, isCached2)
+		assert.Equal(t, data2, retrieved2)
 
-		time.Sleep(10 * time.Second)
+		// Wait 300ms - 500ms cache should be stale (250ms threshold), 1000ms should still be fresh (500ms threshold)
+		time.Sleep(300 * time.Millisecond)
 
-		// Get data for the primary session - should not be cached
-		data, isCached = cache.Get("session1")
-		assert.False(t, isCached, "Expected data not to be cached for primary session")
-		require.NotNil(t, data, "Expected data to be returned even if not cached")
-		assert.Equal(t, "test-host", data.Info.Hostname, "Hostname should match test data")
-		// if not cached, agent will update the data
-		cache.Set("session1", testData)
+		_, isCached1 = cache.Get(500)
+		assert.False(t, isCached1)
 
-		time.Sleep(45 * time.Second)
+		_, isCached2 = cache.Get(1000)
+		assert.True(t, isCached2)
 
-		// Get data for a different session - should still be cached
-		_, isCached = cache.Get("session2")
-		assert.True(t, isCached, "Expected data to be cached for non-primary session")
-
-		// Wait for the lease to expire
-		time.Sleep(30 * time.Second)
-
-		// Get data for session2 - should not be cached
-		_, isCached = cache.Get("session2")
-		assert.False(t, isCached, "Expected data not to be cached after lease expiration")
+		// Wait another 300ms (total 600ms) - now 1000ms cache should also be stale
+		time.Sleep(300 * time.Millisecond)
+		_, isCached2 = cache.Get(1000)
+		assert.False(t, isCached2)
 	})
 }
 
-func TestSessionCache_NilData(t *testing.T) {
-	// Create a new SessionCache
-	cache := NewSessionCache(30 * time.Second)
+func TestCacheOverwrite(t *testing.T) {
+	cache := NewSystemDataCache()
+	data1 := createTestCacheData()
+	data2 := &system.CombinedData{
+		Stats: system.Stats{
+			Cpu: 90.0,
+			Mem: 32768,
+		},
+		Info: system.Info{
+			Hostname: "updated-host",
+		},
+		Containers: []*container.Stats{},
+	}
 
-	// Test setting nil data (should not panic)
-	assert.NotPanics(t, func() {
-		cache.Set("session1", nil)
-	}, "Setting nil data should not panic")
+	// Set initial data
+	cache.Set(data1, 1000)
+	retrieved, isCached := cache.Get(1000)
+	assert.True(t, isCached)
+	assert.Equal(t, data1, retrieved)
 
-	// Get data - should not be nil even though we set nil
-	data, _ := cache.Get("session2")
-	assert.NotNil(t, data, "Expected data to not be nil after setting nil data")
+	// Overwrite with new data
+	cache.Set(data2, 1000)
+	retrieved, isCached = cache.Get(1000)
+	assert.True(t, isCached)
+	assert.Equal(t, data2, retrieved)
+	assert.NotEqual(t, data1, retrieved)
+}
+
+func TestCacheMiss(t *testing.T) {
+	synctest.Test(t, func(t *testing.T) {
+		cache := NewSystemDataCache()
+
+		// Test getting from empty cache
+		_, isCached := cache.Get(1000)
+		assert.False(t, isCached)
+
+		// Set data for one interval
+		data := createTestCacheData()
+		cache.Set(data, 1000)
+
+		// Test getting different interval
+		_, isCached = cache.Get(2000)
+		assert.False(t, isCached)
+
+		// Test getting after data has expired
+		time.Sleep(600 * time.Millisecond) // 600ms > 500ms (50% of 1000ms)
+		_, isCached = cache.Get(1000)
+		assert.False(t, isCached)
+	})
+}
+
+func TestCacheZeroInterval(t *testing.T) {
+	cache := NewSystemDataCache()
+	data := createTestCacheData()
+
+	// Set with zero interval - should allow immediate cache
+	cache.Set(data, 0)
+
+	// With 0 interval, 50% is 0, so it should never be considered fresh
+	// (time.Since(lastUpdate) >= 0, which is not < 0)
+	_, isCached := cache.Get(0)
+	assert.False(t, isCached)
+}
+
+func TestCacheLargeInterval(t *testing.T) {
+	synctest.Test(t, func(t *testing.T) {
+		cache := NewSystemDataCache()
+		data := createTestCacheData()
+
+		// Test with maximum uint16 value
+		cache.Set(data, 65535) // ~65 seconds
+
+		// Should be fresh immediately
+		_, isCached := cache.Get(65535)
+		assert.True(t, isCached)
+
+		// Should still be fresh after a short time
+		time.Sleep(100 * time.Millisecond)
+		_, isCached = cache.Get(65535)
+		assert.True(t, isCached)
+	})
 }

agent/battery/battery.go

@@ -20,9 +20,8 @@ func HasReadableBattery() bool {
 	}
 	haveCheckedBattery = true
 	bat, err := battery.Get(0)
-	if err == nil && bat != nil {
-		systemHasBattery = true
-	} else {
+	systemHasBattery = err == nil && bat != nil && bat.Design != 0 && bat.Full != 0
+	if !systemHasBattery {
 		slog.Debug("No battery found", "err", err)
 	}
 	return systemHasBattery

agent/client.go

@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ import (
 
 	"github.com/henrygd/beszel"
 	"github.com/henrygd/beszel/internal/common"
+	"github.com/henrygd/beszel/internal/entities/system"
 
 	"github.com/fxamacker/cbor/v2"
 	"github.com/lxzan/gws"
@@ -85,7 +86,7 @@ func getToken() (string, error) {
 	if err != nil {
 		return "", err
 	}
-	return string(tokenBytes), nil
+	return strings.TrimSpace(string(tokenBytes)), nil
 }
 
 // getOptions returns the WebSocket client options, creating them if necessary.
@@ -156,11 +157,15 @@ func (client *WebSocketClient) OnMessage(conn *gws.Conn, message *gws.Message) {
 		return
 	}
 
-	if err := cbor.NewDecoder(message.Data).Decode(client.hubRequest); err != nil {
+	var HubRequest common.HubRequest[cbor.RawMessage]
+
+	err := cbor.Unmarshal(message.Data.Bytes(), &HubRequest)
+	if err != nil {
 		slog.Error("Error parsing message", "err", err)
 		return
 	}
-	if err := client.handleHubRequest(client.hubRequest); err != nil {
+
+	if err := client.handleHubRequest(&HubRequest, HubRequest.Id); err != nil {
 		slog.Error("Error handling message", "err", err)
 	}
 }
@@ -173,7 +178,7 @@ func (client *WebSocketClient) OnPing(conn *gws.Conn, message []byte) {
 }
 
 // handleAuthChallenge verifies the authenticity of the hub and returns the system's fingerprint.
-func (client *WebSocketClient) handleAuthChallenge(msg *common.HubRequest[cbor.RawMessage]) (err error) {
+func (client *WebSocketClient) handleAuthChallenge(msg *common.HubRequest[cbor.RawMessage], requestID *uint32) (err error) {
 	var authRequest common.FingerprintRequest
 	if err := cbor.Unmarshal(msg.Data, &authRequest); err != nil {
 		return err
@@ -191,12 +196,13 @@ func (client *WebSocketClient) handleAuthChallenge(msg *common.HubRequest[cbor.R
 	}
 
 	if authRequest.NeedSysInfo {
+		response.Name, _ = GetEnv("SYSTEM_NAME")
 		response.Hostname = client.agent.systemInfo.Hostname
 		serverAddr := client.agent.connectionManager.serverOptions.Addr
 		_, response.Port, _ = net.SplitHostPort(serverAddr)
 	}
 
-	return client.sendMessage(response)
+	return client.sendResponse(response, requestID)
 }
 
 // verifySignature verifies the signature of the token using the public keys.
@@ -221,25 +227,17 @@ func (client *WebSocketClient) Close() {
 	}
 }
 
-// handleHubRequest routes the request to the appropriate handler.
-// It ensures the hub is verified before processing most requests.
-func (client *WebSocketClient) handleHubRequest(msg *common.HubRequest[cbor.RawMessage]) error {
-	if !client.hubVerified && msg.Action != common.CheckFingerprint {
-		return errors.New("hub not verified")
+// handleHubRequest routes the request to the appropriate handler using the handler registry.
+func (client *WebSocketClient) handleHubRequest(msg *common.HubRequest[cbor.RawMessage], requestID *uint32) error {
+	ctx := &HandlerContext{
+		Client:       client,
+		Agent:        client.agent,
+		Request:      msg,
+		RequestID:    requestID,
+		HubVerified:  client.hubVerified,
+		SendResponse: client.sendResponse,
 	}
-	switch msg.Action {
-	case common.GetData:
-		return client.sendSystemData()
-	case common.CheckFingerprint:
-		return client.handleAuthChallenge(msg)
-	}
-	return nil
-}
-
-// sendSystemData gathers and sends current system statistics to the hub.
-func (client *WebSocketClient) sendSystemData() error {
-	sysStats := client.agent.gatherStats(client.token)
-	return client.sendMessage(sysStats)
+	return client.agent.handlerRegistry.Handle(ctx)
 }
 
 // sendMessage encodes the given data to CBOR and sends it as a binary message over the WebSocket connection to the hub.
@@ -251,6 +249,36 @@ func (client *WebSocketClient) sendMessage(data any) error {
 	return client.Conn.WriteMessage(gws.OpcodeBinary, bytes)
 }
 
+// sendResponse sends a response with optional request ID for the new protocol
+func (client *WebSocketClient) sendResponse(data any, requestID *uint32) error {
+	if requestID != nil {
+		// New format with ID - use typed fields
+		response := common.AgentResponse{
+			Id: requestID,
+		}
+
+		// Set the appropriate typed field based on data type
+		switch v := data.(type) {
+		case *system.CombinedData:
+			response.SystemData = v
+		case *common.FingerprintResponse:
+			response.Fingerprint = v
+		// case []byte:
+		// 	response.RawBytes = v
+		// case string:
+		// 	response.RawBytes = []byte(v)
+		default:
+			// For any other type, convert to error
+			response.Error = fmt.Sprintf("unsupported response type: %T", data)
+		}
+
+		return client.sendMessage(response)
+	} else {
+		// Legacy format - send data directly
+		return client.sendMessage(data)
+	}
+}
+
 // getUserAgent returns one of two User-Agent strings based on current time.
 // This is used to avoid being blocked by Cloudflare or other anti-bot measures.
 func getUserAgent() string {

agent/client_test.go

@@ -301,7 +301,7 @@ func TestWebSocketClient_HandleHubRequest(t *testing.T) {
 				Data:   cbor.RawMessage{},
 			}
 
-			err := client.handleHubRequest(hubRequest)
+			err := client.handleHubRequest(hubRequest, nil)
 
 			if tc.expectError {
 				assert.Error(t, err)
@@ -537,4 +537,25 @@ func TestGetToken(t *testing.T) {
 		assert.NoError(t, err)
 		assert.Equal(t, "", token, "Empty file should return empty string")
 	})
+
+	t.Run("strips whitespace from TOKEN_FILE", func(t *testing.T) {
+		unsetEnvVars()
+
+		tokenWithWhitespace := "  test-token-with-whitespace  \n\t"
+		expectedToken := "test-token-with-whitespace"
+		tokenFile, err := os.CreateTemp("", "token-test-*.txt")
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		defer os.Remove(tokenFile.Name())
+
+		_, err = tokenFile.WriteString(tokenWithWhitespace)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		tokenFile.Close()
+
+		os.Setenv("TOKEN_FILE", tokenFile.Name())
+		defer os.Unsetenv("TOKEN_FILE")
+
+		token, err := getToken()
+		assert.NoError(t, err)
+		assert.Equal(t, expectedToken, token, "Whitespace should be stripped from token file content")
+	})
 }

agent/connection_manager.go

@@ -9,19 +9,21 @@ import (
 	"time"
 
 	"github.com/henrygd/beszel/agent/health"
+	"github.com/henrygd/beszel/internal/entities/system"
 )
 
 // ConnectionManager manages the connection state and events for the agent.
 // It handles both WebSocket and SSH connections, automatically switching between
 // them based on availability and managing reconnection attempts.
 type ConnectionManager struct {
-	agent         *Agent               // Reference to the parent agent
-	State         ConnectionState      // Current connection state
-	eventChan     chan ConnectionEvent // Channel for connection events
-	wsClient      *WebSocketClient     // WebSocket client for hub communication
-	serverOptions ServerOptions        // Configuration for SSH server
-	wsTicker      *time.Ticker         // Ticker for WebSocket connection attempts
-	isConnecting  bool                 // Prevents multiple simultaneous reconnection attempts
+	agent          *Agent               // Reference to the parent agent
+	State          ConnectionState      // Current connection state
+	eventChan      chan ConnectionEvent // Channel for connection events
+	wsClient       *WebSocketClient     // WebSocket client for hub communication
+	serverOptions  ServerOptions        // Configuration for SSH server
+	wsTicker       *time.Ticker         // Ticker for WebSocket connection attempts
+	isConnecting   bool                 // Prevents multiple simultaneous reconnection attempts
+	ConnectionType system.ConnectionType
 }
 
 // ConnectionState represents the current connection state of the agent.
@@ -144,15 +146,18 @@ func (c *ConnectionManager) handleStateChange(newState ConnectionState) {
 	switch newState {
 	case WebSocketConnected:
 		slog.Info("WebSocket connected", "host", c.wsClient.hubURL.Host)
+		c.ConnectionType = system.ConnectionTypeWebSocket
 		c.stopWsTicker()
 		_ = c.agent.StopServer()
 		c.isConnecting = false
 	case SSHConnected:
 		// stop new ws connection attempts
 		slog.Info("SSH connection established")
+		c.ConnectionType = system.ConnectionTypeSSH
 		c.stopWsTicker()
 		c.isConnecting = false
 	case Disconnected:
+		c.ConnectionType = system.ConnectionTypeNone
 		if c.isConnecting {
 			// Already handling reconnection, avoid duplicate attempts
 			return

agent/cpu.go

@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+package agent
+
+import (
+	"math"
+	"runtime"
+
+	"github.com/shirou/gopsutil/v4/cpu"
+)
+
+var lastCpuTimes = make(map[uint16]cpu.TimesStat)
+
+// init initializes the CPU monitoring by storing the initial CPU times
+// for the default 60-second cache interval.
+func init() {
+	if times, err := cpu.Times(false); err == nil {
+		lastCpuTimes[60000] = times[0]
+	}
+}
+
+// getCpuPercent calculates the CPU usage percentage using cached previous measurements.
+// It uses the specified cache time interval to determine the time window for calculation.
+// Returns the CPU usage percentage (0-100) and any error encountered.
+func getCpuPercent(cacheTimeMs uint16) (float64, error) {
+	times, err := cpu.Times(false)
+	if err != nil || len(times) == 0 {
+		return 0, err
+	}
+	// if cacheTimeMs is not in lastCpuTimes, use 60000 as fallback lastCpuTime
+	if _, ok := lastCpuTimes[cacheTimeMs]; !ok {
+		lastCpuTimes[cacheTimeMs] = lastCpuTimes[60000]
+	}
+	delta := calculateBusy(lastCpuTimes[cacheTimeMs], times[0])
+	lastCpuTimes[cacheTimeMs] = times[0]
+	return delta, nil
+}
+
+// calculateBusy calculates the CPU busy percentage between two time points.
+// It computes the ratio of busy time to total time elapsed between t1 and t2,
+// returning a percentage clamped between 0 and 100.
+func calculateBusy(t1, t2 cpu.TimesStat) float64 {
+	t1All, t1Busy := getAllBusy(t1)
+	t2All, t2Busy := getAllBusy(t2)
+
+	if t2Busy <= t1Busy {
+		return 0
+	}
+	if t2All <= t1All {
+		return 100
+	}
+	return math.Min(100, math.Max(0, (t2Busy-t1Busy)/(t2All-t1All)*100))
+}
+
+// getAllBusy calculates the total CPU time and busy CPU time from CPU times statistics.
+// On Linux, it excludes guest and guest_nice time from the total to match kernel behavior.
+// Returns total CPU time and busy CPU time (total minus idle and I/O wait time).
+func getAllBusy(t cpu.TimesStat) (float64, float64) {
+	tot := t.Total()
+	if runtime.GOOS == "linux" {
+		tot -= t.Guest     // Linux 2.6.24+
+		tot -= t.GuestNice // Linux 3.2.0+
+	}
+
+	busy := tot - t.Idle - t.Iowait
+
+	return tot, busy
+}

agent/deltatracker/deltatracker.go

@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+// Package deltatracker provides a tracker for calculating differences in numeric values over time.
+package deltatracker
+
+import (
+	"sync"
+
+	"golang.org/x/exp/constraints"
+)
+
+// Numeric is a constraint that permits any integer or floating-point type.
+type Numeric interface {
+	constraints.Integer | constraints.Float
+}
+
+// DeltaTracker is a generic, thread-safe tracker for calculating differences
+// in numeric values over time.
+// K is the key type (e.g., int, string).
+// V is the value type (e.g., int, int64, float32, float64).
+type DeltaTracker[K comparable, V Numeric] struct {
+	sync.RWMutex
+	current  map[K]V
+	previous map[K]V
+}
+
+// NewDeltaTracker creates a new generic tracker.
+func NewDeltaTracker[K comparable, V Numeric]() *DeltaTracker[K, V] {
+	return &DeltaTracker[K, V]{
+		current:  make(map[K]V),
+		previous: make(map[K]V),
+	}
+}
+
+// Set records the current value for a given ID.
+func (t *DeltaTracker[K, V]) Set(id K, value V) {
+	t.Lock()
+	defer t.Unlock()
+	t.current[id] = value
+}
+
+// Deltas returns a map of all calculated deltas for the current interval.
+func (t *DeltaTracker[K, V]) Deltas() map[K]V {
+	t.RLock()
+	defer t.RUnlock()
+
+	deltas := make(map[K]V)
+	for id, currentVal := range t.current {
+		if previousVal, ok := t.previous[id]; ok {
+			deltas[id] = currentVal - previousVal
+		} else {
+			deltas[id] = 0
+		}
+	}
+	return deltas
+}
+
+// Delta returns the delta for a single key.
+// Returns 0 if the key doesn't exist or has no previous value.
+func (t *DeltaTracker[K, V]) Delta(id K) V {
+	t.RLock()
+	defer t.RUnlock()
+
+	currentVal, currentOk := t.current[id]
+	if !currentOk {
+		return 0
+	}
+
+	previousVal, previousOk := t.previous[id]
+	if !previousOk {
+		return 0
+	}
+
+	return currentVal - previousVal
+}
+
+// Cycle prepares the tracker for the next interval.
+func (t *DeltaTracker[K, V]) Cycle() {
+	t.Lock()
+	defer t.Unlock()
+	t.previous = t.current
+	t.current = make(map[K]V)
+}

agent/deltatracker/deltatracker_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,217 @@
+package deltatracker
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+)
+
+func ExampleDeltaTracker() {
+	tracker := NewDeltaTracker[string, int]()
+	tracker.Set("key1", 10)
+	tracker.Set("key2", 20)
+	tracker.Cycle()
+	tracker.Set("key1", 15)
+	tracker.Set("key2", 30)
+	fmt.Println(tracker.Delta("key1"))
+	fmt.Println(tracker.Delta("key2"))
+	fmt.Println(tracker.Deltas())
+	// Output: 5
+	// 10
+	// map[key1:5 key2:10]
+}
+
+func TestNewDeltaTracker(t *testing.T) {
+	tracker := NewDeltaTracker[string, int]()
+	assert.NotNil(t, tracker)
+	assert.Empty(t, tracker.current)
+	assert.Empty(t, tracker.previous)
+}
+
+func TestSet(t *testing.T) {
+	tracker := NewDeltaTracker[string, int]()
+	tracker.Set("key1", 10)
+
+	tracker.RLock()
+	defer tracker.RUnlock()
+
+	assert.Equal(t, 10, tracker.current["key1"])
+}
+
+func TestDeltas(t *testing.T) {
+	tracker := NewDeltaTracker[string, int]()
+
+	// Test with no previous values
+	tracker.Set("key1", 10)
+	tracker.Set("key2", 20)
+
+	deltas := tracker.Deltas()
+	assert.Equal(t, 0, deltas["key1"])
+	assert.Equal(t, 0, deltas["key2"])
+
+	// Cycle to move current to previous
+	tracker.Cycle()
+
+	// Set new values and check deltas
+	tracker.Set("key1", 15) // Delta should be 5 (15-10)
+	tracker.Set("key2", 25) // Delta should be 5 (25-20)
+	tracker.Set("key3", 30) // New key, delta should be 0
+
+	deltas = tracker.Deltas()
+	assert.Equal(t, 5, deltas["key1"])
+	assert.Equal(t, 5, deltas["key2"])
+	assert.Equal(t, 0, deltas["key3"])
+}
+
+func TestCycle(t *testing.T) {
+	tracker := NewDeltaTracker[string, int]()
+
+	tracker.Set("key1", 10)
+	tracker.Set("key2", 20)
+
+	// Verify current has values
+	tracker.RLock()
+	assert.Equal(t, 10, tracker.current["key1"])
+	assert.Equal(t, 20, tracker.current["key2"])
+	assert.Empty(t, tracker.previous)
+	tracker.RUnlock()
+
+	tracker.Cycle()
+
+	// After cycle, previous should have the old current values
+	// and current should be empty
+	tracker.RLock()
+	assert.Empty(t, tracker.current)
+	assert.Equal(t, 10, tracker.previous["key1"])
+	assert.Equal(t, 20, tracker.previous["key2"])
+	tracker.RUnlock()
+}
+
+func TestCompleteWorkflow(t *testing.T) {
+	tracker := NewDeltaTracker[string, int]()
+
+	// First interval
+	tracker.Set("server1", 100)
+	tracker.Set("server2", 200)
+
+	// Get deltas for first interval (should be zero)
+	firstDeltas := tracker.Deltas()
+	assert.Equal(t, 0, firstDeltas["server1"])
+	assert.Equal(t, 0, firstDeltas["server2"])
+
+	// Cycle to next interval
+	tracker.Cycle()
+
+	// Second interval
+	tracker.Set("server1", 150) // Delta: 50
+	tracker.Set("server2", 180) // Delta: -20
+	tracker.Set("server3", 300) // New server, delta: 300
+
+	secondDeltas := tracker.Deltas()
+	assert.Equal(t, 50, secondDeltas["server1"])
+	assert.Equal(t, -20, secondDeltas["server2"])
+	assert.Equal(t, 0, secondDeltas["server3"])
+}
+
+func TestDeltaTrackerWithDifferentTypes(t *testing.T) {
+	// Test with int64
+	intTracker := NewDeltaTracker[string, int64]()
+	intTracker.Set("pid1", 1000)
+	intTracker.Cycle()
+	intTracker.Set("pid1", 1200)
+	intDeltas := intTracker.Deltas()
+	assert.Equal(t, int64(200), intDeltas["pid1"])
+
+	// Test with float64
+	floatTracker := NewDeltaTracker[string, float64]()
+	floatTracker.Set("cpu1", 1.5)
+	floatTracker.Cycle()
+	floatTracker.Set("cpu1", 2.7)
+	floatDeltas := floatTracker.Deltas()
+	assert.InDelta(t, 1.2, floatDeltas["cpu1"], 0.0001)
+
+	// Test with int keys
+	pidTracker := NewDeltaTracker[int, int64]()
+	pidTracker.Set(101, 20000)
+	pidTracker.Cycle()
+	pidTracker.Set(101, 22500)
+	pidDeltas := pidTracker.Deltas()
+	assert.Equal(t, int64(2500), pidDeltas[101])
+}
+
+func TestDelta(t *testing.T) {
+	tracker := NewDeltaTracker[string, int]()
+
+	// Test getting delta for non-existent key
+	result := tracker.Delta("nonexistent")
+	assert.Equal(t, 0, result)
+
+	// Test getting delta for key with no previous value
+	tracker.Set("key1", 10)
+	result = tracker.Delta("key1")
+	assert.Equal(t, 0, result)
+
+	// Cycle to move current to previous
+	tracker.Cycle()
+
+	// Test getting delta for key with previous value
+	tracker.Set("key1", 15)
+	result = tracker.Delta("key1")
+	assert.Equal(t, 5, result)
+
+	// Test getting delta for key that exists in previous but not current
+	result = tracker.Delta("key1")
+	assert.Equal(t, 5, result) // Should still return 5
+
+	// Test getting delta for key that exists in current but not previous
+	tracker.Set("key2", 20)
+	result = tracker.Delta("key2")
+	assert.Equal(t, 0, result)
+}
+
+func TestDeltaWithDifferentTypes(t *testing.T) {
+	// Test with int64
+	intTracker := NewDeltaTracker[string, int64]()
+	intTracker.Set("pid1", 1000)
+	intTracker.Cycle()
+	intTracker.Set("pid1", 1200)
+	result := intTracker.Delta("pid1")
+	assert.Equal(t, int64(200), result)
+
+	// Test with float64
+	floatTracker := NewDeltaTracker[string, float64]()
+	floatTracker.Set("cpu1", 1.5)
+	floatTracker.Cycle()
+	floatTracker.Set("cpu1", 2.7)
+	floatResult := floatTracker.Delta("cpu1")
+	assert.InDelta(t, 1.2, floatResult, 0.0001)
+
+	// Test with int keys
+	pidTracker := NewDeltaTracker[int, int64]()
+	pidTracker.Set(101, 20000)
+	pidTracker.Cycle()
+	pidTracker.Set(101, 22500)
+	pidResult := pidTracker.Delta(101)
+	assert.Equal(t, int64(2500), pidResult)
+}
+
+func TestDeltaConcurrentAccess(t *testing.T) {
+	tracker := NewDeltaTracker[string, int]()
+
+	// Set initial values
+	tracker.Set("key1", 10)
+	tracker.Set("key2", 20)
+	tracker.Cycle()
+
+	// Set new values
+	tracker.Set("key1", 15)
+	tracker.Set("key2", 25)
+
+	// Test concurrent access safety
+	result1 := tracker.Delta("key1")
+	result2 := tracker.Delta("key2")
+
+	assert.Equal(t, 5, result1)
+	assert.Equal(t, 5, result2)
+}

agent/disk.go

@@ -189,3 +189,96 @@ func (a *Agent) initializeDiskIoStats(diskIoCounters map[string]disk.IOCountersS
 		a.fsNames = append(a.fsNames, device)
 	}
 }
+
+// Updates disk usage statistics for all monitored filesystems
+func (a *Agent) updateDiskUsage(systemStats *system.Stats) {
+	// disk usage
+	for _, stats := range a.fsStats {
+		if d, err := disk.Usage(stats.Mountpoint); err == nil {
+			stats.DiskTotal = bytesToGigabytes(d.Total)
+			stats.DiskUsed = bytesToGigabytes(d.Used)
+			if stats.Root {
+				systemStats.DiskTotal = bytesToGigabytes(d.Total)
+				systemStats.DiskUsed = bytesToGigabytes(d.Used)
+				systemStats.DiskPct = twoDecimals(d.UsedPercent)
+			}
+		} else {
+			// reset stats if error (likely unmounted)
+			slog.Error("Error getting disk stats", "name", stats.Mountpoint, "err", err)
+			stats.DiskTotal = 0
+			stats.DiskUsed = 0
+			stats.TotalRead = 0
+			stats.TotalWrite = 0
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// Updates disk I/O statistics for all monitored filesystems
+func (a *Agent) updateDiskIo(cacheTimeMs uint16, systemStats *system.Stats) {
+	// disk i/o (cache-aware per interval)
+	if ioCounters, err := disk.IOCounters(a.fsNames...); err == nil {
+		// Ensure map for this interval exists
+		if _, ok := a.diskPrev[cacheTimeMs]; !ok {
+			a.diskPrev[cacheTimeMs] = make(map[string]prevDisk)
+		}
+		now := time.Now()
+		for name, d := range ioCounters {
+			stats := a.fsStats[d.Name]
+			if stats == nil {
+				// skip devices not tracked
+				continue
+			}
+
+			// Previous snapshot for this interval and device
+			prev, hasPrev := a.diskPrev[cacheTimeMs][name]
+			if !hasPrev {
+				// Seed from agent-level fsStats if present, else seed from current
+				prev = prevDisk{readBytes: stats.TotalRead, writeBytes: stats.TotalWrite, at: stats.Time}
+				if prev.at.IsZero() {
+					prev = prevDisk{readBytes: d.ReadBytes, writeBytes: d.WriteBytes, at: now}
+				}
+			}
+
+			msElapsed := uint64(now.Sub(prev.at).Milliseconds())
+			if msElapsed < 100 {
+				// Avoid division by zero or clock issues; update snapshot and continue
+				a.diskPrev[cacheTimeMs][name] = prevDisk{readBytes: d.ReadBytes, writeBytes: d.WriteBytes, at: now}
+				continue
+			}
+
+			diskIORead := (d.ReadBytes - prev.readBytes) * 1000 / msElapsed
+			diskIOWrite := (d.WriteBytes - prev.writeBytes) * 1000 / msElapsed
+			readMbPerSecond := bytesToMegabytes(float64(diskIORead))
+			writeMbPerSecond := bytesToMegabytes(float64(diskIOWrite))
+
+			// validate values
+			if readMbPerSecond > 50_000 || writeMbPerSecond > 50_000 {
+				slog.Warn("Invalid disk I/O. Resetting.", "name", d.Name, "read", readMbPerSecond, "write", writeMbPerSecond)
+				// Reset interval snapshot and seed from current
+				a.diskPrev[cacheTimeMs][name] = prevDisk{readBytes: d.ReadBytes, writeBytes: d.WriteBytes, at: now}
+				// also refresh agent baseline to avoid future negatives
+				a.initializeDiskIoStats(ioCounters)
+				continue
+			}
+
+			// Update per-interval snapshot
+			a.diskPrev[cacheTimeMs][name] = prevDisk{readBytes: d.ReadBytes, writeBytes: d.WriteBytes, at: now}
+
+			// Update global fsStats baseline for cross-interval correctness
+			stats.Time = now
+			stats.TotalRead = d.ReadBytes
+			stats.TotalWrite = d.WriteBytes
+			stats.DiskReadPs = readMbPerSecond
+			stats.DiskWritePs = writeMbPerSecond
+			stats.DiskReadBytes = diskIORead
+			stats.DiskWriteBytes = diskIOWrite
+
+			if stats.Root {
+				systemStats.DiskReadPs = stats.DiskReadPs
+				systemStats.DiskWritePs = stats.DiskWritePs
+				systemStats.DiskIO[0] = diskIORead
+				systemStats.DiskIO[1] = diskIOWrite
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}

agent/docker.go

@@ -14,17 +14,25 @@ import (
 	"sync"
 	"time"
 
+	"github.com/henrygd/beszel/agent/deltatracker"
 	"github.com/henrygd/beszel/internal/entities/container"
 
 	"github.com/blang/semver"
 )
 
+const (
+	// Docker API timeout in milliseconds
+	dockerTimeoutMs = 2100
+	// Maximum realistic network speed (5 GB/s) to detect bad deltas
+	maxNetworkSpeedBps uint64 = 5e9
+)
+
 type dockerManager struct {
 	client              *http.Client                // Client to query Docker API
 	wg                  sync.WaitGroup              // WaitGroup to wait for all goroutines to finish
 	sem                 chan struct{}               // Semaphore to limit concurrent container requests
 	containerStatsMutex sync.RWMutex                // Mutex to prevent concurrent access to containerStatsMap
-	apiContainerList    []*container.ApiInfo        // List of containers from Docker API (no pointer)
+	apiContainerList    []*container.ApiInfo        // List of containers from Docker API
 	containerStatsMap   map[string]*container.Stats // Keeps track of container stats
 	validIds            map[string]struct{}         // Map of valid container ids, used to prune invalid containers from containerStatsMap
 	goodDockerVersion   bool                        // Whether docker version is at least 25.0.0 (one-shot works correctly)
@@ -32,6 +40,17 @@ type dockerManager struct {
 	buf                 *bytes.Buffer               // Buffer to store and read response bodies
 	decoder             *json.Decoder               // Reusable JSON decoder that reads from buf
 	apiStats            *container.ApiStats         // Reusable API stats object
+
+	// Cache-time-aware tracking for CPU stats (similar to cpu.go)
+	// Maps cache time intervals to container-specific CPU usage tracking
+	lastCpuContainer map[uint16]map[string]uint64    // cacheTimeMs -> containerId -> last cpu container usage
+	lastCpuSystem    map[uint16]map[string]uint64    // cacheTimeMs -> containerId -> last cpu system usage
+	lastCpuReadTime  map[uint16]map[string]time.Time // cacheTimeMs -> containerId -> last read time (Windows)
+
+	// Network delta trackers - one per cache time to avoid interference
+	// cacheTimeMs -> DeltaTracker for network bytes sent/received
+	networkSentTrackers map[uint16]*deltatracker.DeltaTracker[string, uint64]
+	networkRecvTrackers map[uint16]*deltatracker.DeltaTracker[string, uint64]
 }
 
 // userAgentRoundTripper is a custom http.RoundTripper that adds a User-Agent header to all requests
@@ -62,8 +81,8 @@ func (d *dockerManager) dequeue() {
 	}
 }
 
-// Returns stats for all running containers
-func (dm *dockerManager) getDockerStats() ([]*container.Stats, error) {
+// Returns stats for all running containers with cache-time-aware delta tracking
+func (dm *dockerManager) getDockerStats(cacheTimeMs uint16) ([]*container.Stats, error) {
 	resp, err := dm.client.Get("http://localhost/containers/json")
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
@@ -87,8 +106,7 @@ func (dm *dockerManager) getDockerStats() ([]*container.Stats, error) {
 
 	var failedContainers []*container.ApiInfo
 
-	for i := range dm.apiContainerList {
-		ctr := dm.apiContainerList[i]
+	for _, ctr := range dm.apiContainerList {
 		ctr.IdShort = ctr.Id[:12]
 		dm.validIds[ctr.IdShort] = struct{}{}
 		// check if container is less than 1 minute old (possible restart)
@@ -98,9 +116,9 @@ func (dm *dockerManager) getDockerStats() ([]*container.Stats, error) {
 			dm.deleteContainerStatsSync(ctr.IdShort)
 		}
 		dm.queue()
-		go func() {
+		go func(ctr *container.ApiInfo) {
 			defer dm.dequeue()
-			err := dm.updateContainerStats(ctr)
+			err := dm.updateContainerStats(ctr, cacheTimeMs)
 			// if error, delete from map and add to failed list to retry
 			if err != nil {
 				dm.containerStatsMutex.Lock()
@@ -108,7 +126,7 @@ func (dm *dockerManager) getDockerStats() ([]*container.Stats, error) {
 				failedContainers = append(failedContainers, ctr)
 				dm.containerStatsMutex.Unlock()
 			}
-		}()
+		}(ctr)
 	}
 
 	dm.wg.Wait()
@@ -119,13 +137,12 @@ func (dm *dockerManager) getDockerStats() ([]*container.Stats, error) {
 		for i := range failedContainers {
 			ctr := failedContainers[i]
 			dm.queue()
-			go func() {
+			go func(ctr *container.ApiInfo) {
 				defer dm.dequeue()
-				err = dm.updateContainerStats(ctr)
-				if err != nil {
-					slog.Error("Error getting container stats", "err", err)
+				if err2 := dm.updateContainerStats(ctr, cacheTimeMs); err2 != nil {
+					slog.Error("Error getting container stats", "err", err2)
 				}
-			}()
+			}(ctr)
 		}
 		dm.wg.Wait()
 	}
@@ -140,18 +157,156 @@ func (dm *dockerManager) getDockerStats() ([]*container.Stats, error) {
 		}
 	}
 
+	// prepare network trackers for next interval for this cache time
+	dm.cycleNetworkDeltasForCacheTime(cacheTimeMs)
+
 	return stats, nil
 }
 
-// Updates stats for individual container
-func (dm *dockerManager) updateContainerStats(ctr *container.ApiInfo) error {
+// initializeCpuTracking initializes CPU tracking maps for a specific cache time interval
+func (dm *dockerManager) initializeCpuTracking(cacheTimeMs uint16) {
+	// Initialize cache time maps if they don't exist
+	if dm.lastCpuContainer[cacheTimeMs] == nil {
+		dm.lastCpuContainer[cacheTimeMs] = make(map[string]uint64)
+	}
+	if dm.lastCpuSystem[cacheTimeMs] == nil {
+		dm.lastCpuSystem[cacheTimeMs] = make(map[string]uint64)
+	}
+	// Ensure the outer map exists before indexing
+	if dm.lastCpuReadTime == nil {
+		dm.lastCpuReadTime = make(map[uint16]map[string]time.Time)
+	}
+	if dm.lastCpuReadTime[cacheTimeMs] == nil {
+		dm.lastCpuReadTime[cacheTimeMs] = make(map[string]time.Time)
+	}
+}
+
+// getCpuPreviousValues returns previous CPU values for a container and cache time interval
+func (dm *dockerManager) getCpuPreviousValues(cacheTimeMs uint16, containerId string) (uint64, uint64) {
+	return dm.lastCpuContainer[cacheTimeMs][containerId], dm.lastCpuSystem[cacheTimeMs][containerId]
+}
+
+// setCpuCurrentValues stores current CPU values for a container and cache time interval
+func (dm *dockerManager) setCpuCurrentValues(cacheTimeMs uint16, containerId string, cpuContainer, cpuSystem uint64) {
+	dm.lastCpuContainer[cacheTimeMs][containerId] = cpuContainer
+	dm.lastCpuSystem[cacheTimeMs][containerId] = cpuSystem
+}
+
+// calculateMemoryUsage calculates memory usage from Docker API stats
+func calculateMemoryUsage(apiStats *container.ApiStats, isWindows bool) (uint64, error) {
+	if isWindows {
+		return apiStats.MemoryStats.PrivateWorkingSet, nil
+	}
+
+	// Check if container has valid data, otherwise may be in restart loop (#103)
+	if apiStats.MemoryStats.Usage == 0 {
+		return 0, fmt.Errorf("no memory stats available")
+	}
+
+	memCache := apiStats.MemoryStats.Stats.InactiveFile
+	if memCache == 0 {
+		memCache = apiStats.MemoryStats.Stats.Cache
+	}
+
+	return apiStats.MemoryStats.Usage - memCache, nil
+}
+
+// getNetworkTracker returns the DeltaTracker for a specific cache time, creating it if needed
+func (dm *dockerManager) getNetworkTracker(cacheTimeMs uint16, isSent bool) *deltatracker.DeltaTracker[string, uint64] {
+	var trackers map[uint16]*deltatracker.DeltaTracker[string, uint64]
+	if isSent {
+		trackers = dm.networkSentTrackers
+	} else {
+		trackers = dm.networkRecvTrackers
+	}
+
+	if trackers[cacheTimeMs] == nil {
+		trackers[cacheTimeMs] = deltatracker.NewDeltaTracker[string, uint64]()
+	}
+
+	return trackers[cacheTimeMs]
+}
+
+// cycleNetworkDeltasForCacheTime cycles the network delta trackers for a specific cache time
+func (dm *dockerManager) cycleNetworkDeltasForCacheTime(cacheTimeMs uint16) {
+	if dm.networkSentTrackers[cacheTimeMs] != nil {
+		dm.networkSentTrackers[cacheTimeMs].Cycle()
+	}
+	if dm.networkRecvTrackers[cacheTimeMs] != nil {
+		dm.networkRecvTrackers[cacheTimeMs].Cycle()
+	}
+}
+
+// calculateNetworkStats calculates network sent/receive deltas using DeltaTracker
+func (dm *dockerManager) calculateNetworkStats(ctr *container.ApiInfo, apiStats *container.ApiStats, stats *container.Stats, initialized bool, name string, cacheTimeMs uint16) (uint64, uint64) {
+	var total_sent, total_recv uint64
+	for _, v := range apiStats.Networks {
+		total_sent += v.TxBytes
+		total_recv += v.RxBytes
+	}
+
+	// Get the DeltaTracker for this specific cache time
+	sentTracker := dm.getNetworkTracker(cacheTimeMs, true)
+	recvTracker := dm.getNetworkTracker(cacheTimeMs, false)
+
+	// Set current values in the cache-time-specific DeltaTracker
+	sentTracker.Set(ctr.IdShort, total_sent)
+	recvTracker.Set(ctr.IdShort, total_recv)
+
+	// Get deltas (bytes since last measurement)
+	sent_delta_raw := sentTracker.Delta(ctr.IdShort)
+	recv_delta_raw := recvTracker.Delta(ctr.IdShort)
+
+	// Calculate bytes per second independently for Tx and Rx if we have previous data
+	var sent_delta, recv_delta uint64
+	if initialized {
+		millisecondsElapsed := uint64(time.Since(stats.PrevReadTime).Milliseconds())
+		if millisecondsElapsed > 0 {
+			if sent_delta_raw > 0 {
+				sent_delta = sent_delta_raw * 1000 / millisecondsElapsed
+				if sent_delta > maxNetworkSpeedBps {
+					slog.Warn("Bad network delta", "container", name)
+					sent_delta = 0
+				}
+			}
+			if recv_delta_raw > 0 {
+				recv_delta = recv_delta_raw * 1000 / millisecondsElapsed
+				if recv_delta > maxNetworkSpeedBps {
+					slog.Warn("Bad network delta", "container", name)
+					recv_delta = 0
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	return sent_delta, recv_delta
+}
+
+// validateCpuPercentage checks if CPU percentage is within valid range
+func validateCpuPercentage(cpuPct float64, containerName string) error {
+	if cpuPct > 100 {
+		return fmt.Errorf("%s cpu pct greater than 100: %+v", containerName, cpuPct)
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// updateContainerStatsValues updates the final stats values
+func updateContainerStatsValues(stats *container.Stats, cpuPct float64, usedMemory uint64, sent_delta, recv_delta uint64, readTime time.Time) {
+	stats.Cpu = twoDecimals(cpuPct)
+	stats.Mem = bytesToMegabytes(float64(usedMemory))
+	stats.NetworkSent = bytesToMegabytes(float64(sent_delta))
+	stats.NetworkRecv = bytesToMegabytes(float64(recv_delta))
+	stats.PrevReadTime = readTime
+}
+
+// Updates stats for individual container with cache-time-aware delta tracking
+func (dm *dockerManager) updateContainerStats(ctr *container.ApiInfo, cacheTimeMs uint16) error {
 	name := ctr.Names[0][1:]
 
 	resp, err := dm.client.Get("http://localhost/containers/" + ctr.IdShort + "/stats?stream=0&one-shot=1")
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
-	defer resp.Body.Close()
 
 	dm.containerStatsMutex.Lock()
 	defer dm.containerStatsMutex.Unlock()
@@ -169,72 +324,58 @@ func (dm *dockerManager) updateContainerStats(ctr *container.ApiInfo) error {
 	stats.NetworkSent = 0
 	stats.NetworkRecv = 0
 
-	// docker host container stats response
-	// res := dm.getApiStats()
-	// defer dm.putApiStats(res)
-	//
-
 	res := dm.apiStats
 	res.Networks = nil
 	if err := dm.decode(resp, res); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 
-	// calculate cpu and memory stats
-	var usedMemory uint64
+	// Initialize CPU tracking for this cache time interval
+	dm.initializeCpuTracking(cacheTimeMs)
+
+	// Get previous CPU values
+	prevCpuContainer, prevCpuSystem := dm.getCpuPreviousValues(cacheTimeMs, ctr.IdShort)
+
+	// Calculate CPU percentage based on platform
 	var cpuPct float64
-
-	// store current cpu stats
-	prevCpuContainer, prevCpuSystem := stats.CpuContainer, stats.CpuSystem
-	stats.CpuContainer = res.CPUStats.CPUUsage.TotalUsage
-	stats.CpuSystem = res.CPUStats.SystemUsage
-
 	if dm.isWindows {
-		usedMemory = res.MemoryStats.PrivateWorkingSet
-		cpuPct = res.CalculateCpuPercentWindows(prevCpuContainer, stats.PrevReadTime)
+		prevRead := dm.lastCpuReadTime[cacheTimeMs][ctr.IdShort]
+		cpuPct = res.CalculateCpuPercentWindows(prevCpuContainer, prevRead)
 	} else {
-		// check if container has valid data, otherwise may be in restart loop (#103)
-		if res.MemoryStats.Usage == 0 {
-			return fmt.Errorf("%s - no memory stats - see https://github.com/henrygd/beszel/issues/144", name)
-		}
-		memCache := res.MemoryStats.Stats.InactiveFile
-		if memCache == 0 {
-			memCache = res.MemoryStats.Stats.Cache
-		}
-		usedMemory = res.MemoryStats.Usage - memCache
-
 		cpuPct = res.CalculateCpuPercentLinux(prevCpuContainer, prevCpuSystem)
 	}
 
-	if cpuPct > 100 {
-		return fmt.Errorf("%s cpu pct greater than 100: %+v", name, cpuPct)
+	// Calculate memory usage
+	usedMemory, err := calculateMemoryUsage(res, dm.isWindows)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("%s - %w - see https://github.com/henrygd/beszel/issues/144", name, err)
 	}
 
-	// network
+	// Store current CPU stats for next calculation
+	currentCpuContainer := res.CPUStats.CPUUsage.TotalUsage
+	currentCpuSystem := res.CPUStats.SystemUsage
+	dm.setCpuCurrentValues(cacheTimeMs, ctr.IdShort, currentCpuContainer, currentCpuSystem)
+
+	// Validate CPU percentage
+	if err := validateCpuPercentage(cpuPct, name); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	// Calculate network stats using DeltaTracker
+	sent_delta, recv_delta := dm.calculateNetworkStats(ctr, res, stats, initialized, name, cacheTimeMs)
+
+	// Store current network values for legacy compatibility
 	var total_sent, total_recv uint64
 	for _, v := range res.Networks {
 		total_sent += v.TxBytes
 		total_recv += v.RxBytes
 	}
-	var sent_delta, recv_delta uint64
-	millisecondsElapsed := uint64(time.Since(stats.PrevReadTime).Milliseconds())
-	if initialized && millisecondsElapsed > 0 {
-		// get bytes per second
-		sent_delta = (total_sent - stats.PrevNet.Sent) * 1000 / millisecondsElapsed
-		recv_delta = (total_recv - stats.PrevNet.Recv) * 1000 / millisecondsElapsed
-		// check for unrealistic network values (> 5GB/s)
-		if sent_delta > 5e9 || recv_delta > 5e9 {
-			slog.Warn("Bad network delta", "container", name)
-			sent_delta, recv_delta = 0, 0
-		}
-	}
 	stats.PrevNet.Sent, stats.PrevNet.Recv = total_sent, total_recv
 
-	stats.Cpu = twoDecimals(cpuPct)
-	stats.Mem = bytesToMegabytes(float64(usedMemory))
-	stats.NetworkSent = bytesToMegabytes(float64(sent_delta))
-	stats.NetworkRecv = bytesToMegabytes(float64(recv_delta))
-	stats.PrevReadTime = res.Read
+	// Update final stats values
+	updateContainerStatsValues(stats, cpuPct, usedMemory, sent_delta, recv_delta, res.Read)
+	// store per-cache-time read time for Windows CPU percent calc
+	dm.lastCpuReadTime[cacheTimeMs][ctr.IdShort] = res.Read
 
 	return nil
 }
@@ -244,6 +385,15 @@ func (dm *dockerManager) deleteContainerStatsSync(id string) {
 	dm.containerStatsMutex.Lock()
 	defer dm.containerStatsMutex.Unlock()
 	delete(dm.containerStatsMap, id)
+	for ct := range dm.lastCpuContainer {
+		delete(dm.lastCpuContainer[ct], id)
+	}
+	for ct := range dm.lastCpuSystem {
+		delete(dm.lastCpuSystem[ct], id)
+	}
+	for ct := range dm.lastCpuReadTime {
+		delete(dm.lastCpuReadTime[ct], id)
+	}
 }
 
 // Creates a new http client for Docker or Podman API
@@ -283,7 +433,7 @@ func newDockerManager(a *Agent) *dockerManager {
 	}
 
 	// configurable timeout
-	timeout := time.Millisecond * 2100
+	timeout := time.Millisecond * time.Duration(dockerTimeoutMs)
 	if t, set := GetEnv("DOCKER_TIMEOUT"); set {
 		timeout, err = time.ParseDuration(t)
 		if err != nil {
@@ -308,6 +458,13 @@ func newDockerManager(a *Agent) *dockerManager {
 		sem:               make(chan struct{}, 5),
 		apiContainerList:  []*container.ApiInfo{},
 		apiStats:          &container.ApiStats{},
+
+		// Initialize cache-time-aware tracking structures
+		lastCpuContainer:    make(map[uint16]map[string]uint64),
+		lastCpuSystem:       make(map[uint16]map[string]uint64),
+		lastCpuReadTime:     make(map[uint16]map[string]time.Time),
+		networkSentTrackers: make(map[uint16]*deltatracker.DeltaTracker[string, uint64]),
+		networkRecvTrackers: make(map[uint16]*deltatracker.DeltaTracker[string, uint64]),
 	}
 
 	// If using podman, return client

agent/docker_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,875 @@
+//go:build testing
+// +build testing
+
+package agent
+
+import (
+	"encoding/json"
+	"os"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/henrygd/beszel/agent/deltatracker"
+	"github.com/henrygd/beszel/internal/entities/container"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
+)
+
+var defaultCacheTimeMs = uint16(60_000)
+
+// cycleCpuDeltas cycles the CPU tracking data for a specific cache time interval
+func (dm *dockerManager) cycleCpuDeltas(cacheTimeMs uint16) {
+	// Clear the CPU tracking maps for this cache time interval
+	if dm.lastCpuContainer[cacheTimeMs] != nil {
+		clear(dm.lastCpuContainer[cacheTimeMs])
+	}
+	if dm.lastCpuSystem[cacheTimeMs] != nil {
+		clear(dm.lastCpuSystem[cacheTimeMs])
+	}
+}
+
+func TestCalculateMemoryUsage(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name        string
+		apiStats    *container.ApiStats
+		isWindows   bool
+		expected    uint64
+		expectError bool
+	}{
+		{
+			name: "Linux with valid memory stats",
+			apiStats: &container.ApiStats{
+				MemoryStats: container.MemoryStats{
+					Usage: 1048576, // 1MB
+					Stats: container.MemoryStatsStats{
+						Cache:        524288, // 512KB
+						InactiveFile: 262144, // 256KB
+					},
+				},
+			},
+			isWindows:   false,
+			expected:    786432, // 1MB - 256KB (inactive_file takes precedence) = 768KB
+			expectError: false,
+		},
+		{
+			name: "Linux with zero cache uses inactive_file",
+			apiStats: &container.ApiStats{
+				MemoryStats: container.MemoryStats{
+					Usage: 1048576, // 1MB
+					Stats: container.MemoryStatsStats{
+						Cache:        0,
+						InactiveFile: 262144, // 256KB
+					},
+				},
+			},
+			isWindows:   false,
+			expected:    786432, // 1MB - 256KB = 768KB
+			expectError: false,
+		},
+		{
+			name: "Windows with valid memory stats",
+			apiStats: &container.ApiStats{
+				MemoryStats: container.MemoryStats{
+					PrivateWorkingSet: 524288, // 512KB
+				},
+			},
+			isWindows:   true,
+			expected:    524288,
+			expectError: false,
+		},
+		{
+			name: "Linux with zero usage returns error",
+			apiStats: &container.ApiStats{
+				MemoryStats: container.MemoryStats{
+					Usage: 0,
+					Stats: container.MemoryStatsStats{
+						Cache:        0,
+						InactiveFile: 0,
+					},
+				},
+			},
+			isWindows:   false,
+			expected:    0,
+			expectError: true,
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			result, err := calculateMemoryUsage(tt.apiStats, tt.isWindows)
+
+			if tt.expectError {
+				assert.Error(t, err)
+			} else {
+				assert.NoError(t, err)
+				assert.Equal(t, tt.expected, result)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestValidateCpuPercentage(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name          string
+		cpuPct        float64
+		containerName string
+		expectError   bool
+		expectedError string
+	}{
+		{
+			name:          "valid CPU percentage",
+			cpuPct:        50.5,
+			containerName: "test-container",
+			expectError:   false,
+		},
+		{
+			name:          "zero CPU percentage",
+			cpuPct:        0.0,
+			containerName: "test-container",
+			expectError:   false,
+		},
+		{
+			name:          "CPU percentage over 100",
+			cpuPct:        150.5,
+			containerName: "test-container",
+			expectError:   true,
+			expectedError: "test-container cpu pct greater than 100: 150.5",
+		},
+		{
+			name:          "CPU percentage exactly 100",
+			cpuPct:        100.0,
+			containerName: "test-container",
+			expectError:   false,
+		},
+		{
+			name:          "negative CPU percentage",
+			cpuPct:        -10.0,
+			containerName: "test-container",
+			expectError:   false, // Function only checks for > 100, not negative
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			err := validateCpuPercentage(tt.cpuPct, tt.containerName)
+
+			if tt.expectError {
+				assert.Error(t, err)
+				assert.Contains(t, err.Error(), tt.expectedError)
+			} else {
+				assert.NoError(t, err)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestUpdateContainerStatsValues(t *testing.T) {
+	stats := &container.Stats{
+		Name:         "test-container",
+		Cpu:          0.0,
+		Mem:          0.0,
+		NetworkSent:  0.0,
+		NetworkRecv:  0.0,
+		PrevReadTime: time.Time{},
+	}
+
+	testTime := time.Now()
+	updateContainerStatsValues(stats, 75.5, 1048576, 524288, 262144, testTime)
+
+	// Check CPU percentage (should be rounded to 2 decimals)
+	assert.Equal(t, 75.5, stats.Cpu)
+
+	// Check memory (should be converted to MB: 1048576 bytes = 1 MB)
+	assert.Equal(t, 1.0, stats.Mem)
+
+	// Check network sent (should be converted to MB: 524288 bytes = 0.5 MB)
+	assert.Equal(t, 0.5, stats.NetworkSent)
+
+	// Check network recv (should be converted to MB: 262144 bytes = 0.25 MB)
+	assert.Equal(t, 0.25, stats.NetworkRecv)
+
+	// Check read time
+	assert.Equal(t, testTime, stats.PrevReadTime)
+}
+
+func TestTwoDecimals(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name     string
+		input    float64
+		expected float64
+	}{
+		{"round down", 1.234, 1.23},
+		{"round half up", 1.235, 1.24}, // math.Round rounds half up
+		{"no rounding needed", 1.23, 1.23},
+		{"negative number", -1.235, -1.24}, // math.Round rounds half up (more negative)
+		{"zero", 0.0, 0.0},
+		{"large number", 123.456, 123.46}, // rounds 5 up
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			result := twoDecimals(tt.input)
+			assert.Equal(t, tt.expected, result)
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestBytesToMegabytes(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name     string
+		input    float64
+		expected float64
+	}{
+		{"1 MB", 1048576, 1.0},
+		{"512 KB", 524288, 0.5},
+		{"zero", 0, 0},
+		{"large value", 1073741824, 1024}, // 1 GB = 1024 MB
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			result := bytesToMegabytes(tt.input)
+			assert.Equal(t, tt.expected, result)
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestInitializeCpuTracking(t *testing.T) {
+	dm := &dockerManager{
+		lastCpuContainer: make(map[uint16]map[string]uint64),
+		lastCpuSystem:    make(map[uint16]map[string]uint64),
+		lastCpuReadTime:  make(map[uint16]map[string]time.Time),
+	}
+
+	cacheTimeMs := uint16(30000)
+
+	// Test initializing a new cache time
+	dm.initializeCpuTracking(cacheTimeMs)
+
+	// Check that maps were created
+	assert.NotNil(t, dm.lastCpuContainer[cacheTimeMs])
+	assert.NotNil(t, dm.lastCpuSystem[cacheTimeMs])
+	assert.NotNil(t, dm.lastCpuReadTime[cacheTimeMs])
+	assert.Empty(t, dm.lastCpuContainer[cacheTimeMs])
+	assert.Empty(t, dm.lastCpuSystem[cacheTimeMs])
+
+	// Test initializing existing cache time (should not overwrite)
+	dm.lastCpuContainer[cacheTimeMs]["test"] = 100
+	dm.lastCpuSystem[cacheTimeMs]["test"] = 200
+
+	dm.initializeCpuTracking(cacheTimeMs)
+
+	// Should still have the existing values
+	assert.Equal(t, uint64(100), dm.lastCpuContainer[cacheTimeMs]["test"])
+	assert.Equal(t, uint64(200), dm.lastCpuSystem[cacheTimeMs]["test"])
+}
+
+func TestGetCpuPreviousValues(t *testing.T) {
+	dm := &dockerManager{
+		lastCpuContainer: map[uint16]map[string]uint64{
+			30000: {"container1": 100, "container2": 200},
+		},
+		lastCpuSystem: map[uint16]map[string]uint64{
+			30000: {"container1": 150, "container2": 250},
+		},
+	}
+
+	// Test getting existing values
+	container, system := dm.getCpuPreviousValues(30000, "container1")
+	assert.Equal(t, uint64(100), container)
+	assert.Equal(t, uint64(150), system)
+
+	// Test getting non-existing container
+	container, system = dm.getCpuPreviousValues(30000, "nonexistent")
+	assert.Equal(t, uint64(0), container)
+	assert.Equal(t, uint64(0), system)
+
+	// Test getting non-existing cache time
+	container, system = dm.getCpuPreviousValues(60000, "container1")
+	assert.Equal(t, uint64(0), container)
+	assert.Equal(t, uint64(0), system)
+}
+
+func TestSetCpuCurrentValues(t *testing.T) {
+	dm := &dockerManager{
+		lastCpuContainer: make(map[uint16]map[string]uint64),
+		lastCpuSystem:    make(map[uint16]map[string]uint64),
+	}
+
+	cacheTimeMs := uint16(30000)
+	containerId := "test-container"
+
+	// Initialize the cache time maps first
+	dm.initializeCpuTracking(cacheTimeMs)
+
+	// Set values
+	dm.setCpuCurrentValues(cacheTimeMs, containerId, 500, 750)
+
+	// Check that values were set
+	assert.Equal(t, uint64(500), dm.lastCpuContainer[cacheTimeMs][containerId])
+	assert.Equal(t, uint64(750), dm.lastCpuSystem[cacheTimeMs][containerId])
+}
+
+func TestCalculateNetworkStats(t *testing.T) {
+	// Create docker manager with tracker maps
+	dm := &dockerManager{
+		networkSentTrackers: make(map[uint16]*deltatracker.DeltaTracker[string, uint64]),
+		networkRecvTrackers: make(map[uint16]*deltatracker.DeltaTracker[string, uint64]),
+	}
+
+	cacheTimeMs := uint16(30000)
+
+	// Pre-populate tracker for this cache time with initial values
+	sentTracker := deltatracker.NewDeltaTracker[string, uint64]()
+	recvTracker := deltatracker.NewDeltaTracker[string, uint64]()
+	sentTracker.Set("container1", 1000)
+	recvTracker.Set("container1", 800)
+	sentTracker.Cycle() // Move to previous
+	recvTracker.Cycle()
+
+	dm.networkSentTrackers[cacheTimeMs] = sentTracker
+	dm.networkRecvTrackers[cacheTimeMs] = recvTracker
+
+	ctr := &container.ApiInfo{
+		IdShort: "container1",
+	}
+
+	apiStats := &container.ApiStats{
+		Networks: map[string]container.NetworkStats{
+			"eth0": {TxBytes: 2000, RxBytes: 1800}, // New values
+		},
+	}
+
+	stats := &container.Stats{
+		PrevReadTime: time.Now().Add(-time.Second), // 1 second ago
+	}
+
+	// Test with initialized container
+	sent, recv := dm.calculateNetworkStats(ctr, apiStats, stats, true, "test-container", cacheTimeMs)
+
+	// Should return calculated byte rates per second
+	assert.GreaterOrEqual(t, sent, uint64(0))
+	assert.GreaterOrEqual(t, recv, uint64(0))
+
+	// Cycle and test one-direction change (Tx only) is reflected independently
+	dm.cycleNetworkDeltasForCacheTime(cacheTimeMs)
+	apiStats.Networks["eth0"] = container.NetworkStats{TxBytes: 2500, RxBytes: 1800} // +500 Tx only
+	sent, recv = dm.calculateNetworkStats(ctr, apiStats, stats, true, "test-container", cacheTimeMs)
+	assert.Greater(t, sent, uint64(0))
+	assert.Equal(t, uint64(0), recv)
+}
+
+func TestDockerManagerCreation(t *testing.T) {
+	// Test that dockerManager can be created without panicking
+	dm := &dockerManager{
+		lastCpuContainer:    make(map[uint16]map[string]uint64),
+		lastCpuSystem:       make(map[uint16]map[string]uint64),
+		lastCpuReadTime:     make(map[uint16]map[string]time.Time),
+		networkSentTrackers: make(map[uint16]*deltatracker.DeltaTracker[string, uint64]),
+		networkRecvTrackers: make(map[uint16]*deltatracker.DeltaTracker[string, uint64]),
+	}
+
+	assert.NotNil(t, dm)
+	assert.NotNil(t, dm.lastCpuContainer)
+	assert.NotNil(t, dm.lastCpuSystem)
+	assert.NotNil(t, dm.networkSentTrackers)
+	assert.NotNil(t, dm.networkRecvTrackers)
+}
+
+func TestCycleCpuDeltas(t *testing.T) {
+	dm := &dockerManager{
+		lastCpuContainer: map[uint16]map[string]uint64{
+			30000: {"container1": 100, "container2": 200},
+		},
+		lastCpuSystem: map[uint16]map[string]uint64{
+			30000: {"container1": 150, "container2": 250},
+		},
+		lastCpuReadTime: map[uint16]map[string]time.Time{
+			30000: {"container1": time.Now()},
+		},
+	}
+
+	cacheTimeMs := uint16(30000)
+
+	// Verify values exist before cycling
+	assert.Equal(t, uint64(100), dm.lastCpuContainer[cacheTimeMs]["container1"])
+	assert.Equal(t, uint64(200), dm.lastCpuContainer[cacheTimeMs]["container2"])
+
+	// Cycle the CPU deltas
+	dm.cycleCpuDeltas(cacheTimeMs)
+
+	// Verify values are cleared
+	assert.Empty(t, dm.lastCpuContainer[cacheTimeMs])
+	assert.Empty(t, dm.lastCpuSystem[cacheTimeMs])
+	// lastCpuReadTime is not affected by cycleCpuDeltas
+	assert.NotEmpty(t, dm.lastCpuReadTime[cacheTimeMs])
+}
+
+func TestCycleNetworkDeltas(t *testing.T) {
+	// Create docker manager with tracker maps
+	dm := &dockerManager{
+		networkSentTrackers: make(map[uint16]*deltatracker.DeltaTracker[string, uint64]),
+		networkRecvTrackers: make(map[uint16]*deltatracker.DeltaTracker[string, uint64]),
+	}
+
+	cacheTimeMs := uint16(30000)
+
+	// Get trackers for this cache time (creates them)
+	sentTracker := dm.getNetworkTracker(cacheTimeMs, true)
+	recvTracker := dm.getNetworkTracker(cacheTimeMs, false)
+
+	// Set some test data
+	sentTracker.Set("test", 100)
+	recvTracker.Set("test", 200)
+
+	// This should not panic
+	assert.NotPanics(t, func() {
+		dm.cycleNetworkDeltasForCacheTime(cacheTimeMs)
+	})
+
+	// Verify that cycle worked by checking deltas are now zero (no previous values)
+	assert.Equal(t, uint64(0), sentTracker.Delta("test"))
+	assert.Equal(t, uint64(0), recvTracker.Delta("test"))
+}
+
+func TestConstants(t *testing.T) {
+	// Test that constants are properly defined
+	assert.Equal(t, uint16(60000), defaultCacheTimeMs)
+	assert.Equal(t, uint64(5e9), maxNetworkSpeedBps)
+	assert.Equal(t, 2100, dockerTimeoutMs)
+}
+
+func TestDockerStatsWithMockData(t *testing.T) {
+	// Create a docker manager with initialized tracking
+	dm := &dockerManager{
+		lastCpuContainer:    make(map[uint16]map[string]uint64),
+		lastCpuSystem:       make(map[uint16]map[string]uint64),
+		lastCpuReadTime:     make(map[uint16]map[string]time.Time),
+		networkSentTrackers: make(map[uint16]*deltatracker.DeltaTracker[string, uint64]),
+		networkRecvTrackers: make(map[uint16]*deltatracker.DeltaTracker[string, uint64]),
+		containerStatsMap:   make(map[string]*container.Stats),
+	}
+
+	cacheTimeMs := uint16(30000)
+
+	// Test that initializeCpuTracking works
+	dm.initializeCpuTracking(cacheTimeMs)
+	assert.NotNil(t, dm.lastCpuContainer[cacheTimeMs])
+	assert.NotNil(t, dm.lastCpuSystem[cacheTimeMs])
+
+	// Test that we can set and get CPU values
+	dm.setCpuCurrentValues(cacheTimeMs, "test-container", 1000, 2000)
+	container, system := dm.getCpuPreviousValues(cacheTimeMs, "test-container")
+	assert.Equal(t, uint64(1000), container)
+	assert.Equal(t, uint64(2000), system)
+}
+
+func TestMemoryStatsEdgeCases(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name      string
+		usage     uint64
+		cache     uint64
+		inactive  uint64
+		isWindows bool
+		expected  uint64
+		hasError  bool
+	}{
+		{"Linux normal case", 1000, 200, 0, false, 800, false},
+		{"Linux with inactive file", 1000, 0, 300, false, 700, false},
+		{"Windows normal case", 0, 0, 0, true, 500, false},
+		{"Linux zero usage error", 0, 0, 0, false, 0, true},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			apiStats := &container.ApiStats{
+				MemoryStats: container.MemoryStats{
+					Usage: tt.usage,
+					Stats: container.MemoryStatsStats{
+						Cache:        tt.cache,
+						InactiveFile: tt.inactive,
+					},
+				},
+			}
+
+			if tt.isWindows {
+				apiStats.MemoryStats.PrivateWorkingSet = tt.expected
+			}
+
+			result, err := calculateMemoryUsage(apiStats, tt.isWindows)
+
+			if tt.hasError {
+				assert.Error(t, err)
+			} else {
+				assert.NoError(t, err)
+				assert.Equal(t, tt.expected, result)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestContainerStatsInitialization(t *testing.T) {
+	stats := &container.Stats{Name: "test-container"}
+
+	// Verify initial values
+	assert.Equal(t, "test-container", stats.Name)
+	assert.Equal(t, 0.0, stats.Cpu)
+	assert.Equal(t, 0.0, stats.Mem)
+	assert.Equal(t, 0.0, stats.NetworkSent)
+	assert.Equal(t, 0.0, stats.NetworkRecv)
+	assert.Equal(t, time.Time{}, stats.PrevReadTime)
+
+	// Test updating values
+	testTime := time.Now()
+	updateContainerStatsValues(stats, 45.67, 2097152, 1048576, 524288, testTime)
+
+	assert.Equal(t, 45.67, stats.Cpu)
+	assert.Equal(t, 2.0, stats.Mem)
+	assert.Equal(t, 1.0, stats.NetworkSent)
+	assert.Equal(t, 0.5, stats.NetworkRecv)
+	assert.Equal(t, testTime, stats.PrevReadTime)
+}
+
+// Test with real Docker API test data
+func TestCalculateMemoryUsageWithRealData(t *testing.T) {
+	// Load minimal container stats from test data
+	data, err := os.ReadFile("test-data/container.json")
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	var apiStats container.ApiStats
+	err = json.Unmarshal(data, &apiStats)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	// Test memory calculation with real data
+	usedMemory, err := calculateMemoryUsage(&apiStats, false)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	// From the real data: usage - inactive_file = 507400192 - 165130240 = 342269952
+	expected := uint64(507400192 - 165130240)
+	assert.Equal(t, expected, usedMemory)
+}
+
+func TestCpuPercentageCalculationWithRealData(t *testing.T) {
+	// Load minimal container stats from test data
+	data1, err := os.ReadFile("test-data/container.json")
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	data2, err := os.ReadFile("test-data/container2.json")
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	var apiStats1, apiStats2 container.ApiStats
+	err = json.Unmarshal(data1, &apiStats1)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	err = json.Unmarshal(data2, &apiStats2)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	// Calculate delta manually: 314891801000 - 312055276000 = 2836525000
+	// System delta: 1368474900000000 - 1366399830000000 = 2075070000000
+	// Expected %: (2836525000 / 2075070000000) * 100 ≈ 0.1367%
+	expectedPct := float64(2836525000) / float64(2075070000000) * 100.0
+	actualPct := apiStats2.CalculateCpuPercentLinux(apiStats1.CPUStats.CPUUsage.TotalUsage, apiStats1.CPUStats.SystemUsage)
+
+	assert.InDelta(t, expectedPct, actualPct, 0.01)
+}
+
+func TestNetworkStatsCalculationWithRealData(t *testing.T) {
+	// Create synthetic test data to avoid timing issues
+	apiStats1 := &container.ApiStats{
+		Networks: map[string]container.NetworkStats{
+			"eth0": {TxBytes: 1000000, RxBytes: 500000},
+		},
+	}
+
+	apiStats2 := &container.ApiStats{
+		Networks: map[string]container.NetworkStats{
+			"eth0": {TxBytes: 3000000, RxBytes: 1500000}, // 2MB sent, 1MB received increase
+		},
+	}
+
+	// Create docker manager with tracker maps
+	dm := &dockerManager{
+		networkSentTrackers: make(map[uint16]*deltatracker.DeltaTracker[string, uint64]),
+		networkRecvTrackers: make(map[uint16]*deltatracker.DeltaTracker[string, uint64]),
+	}
+
+	ctr := &container.ApiInfo{IdShort: "test-container"}
+	cacheTimeMs := uint16(30000) // Test with 30 second cache
+
+	// Use exact timing for deterministic results
+	exactly1000msAgo := time.Now().Add(-1000 * time.Millisecond)
+	stats := &container.Stats{
+		PrevReadTime: exactly1000msAgo,
+	}
+
+	// First call sets baseline
+	sent1, recv1 := dm.calculateNetworkStats(ctr, apiStats1, stats, true, "test", cacheTimeMs)
+	assert.Equal(t, uint64(0), sent1)
+	assert.Equal(t, uint64(0), recv1)
+
+	// Cycle to establish baseline for this cache time
+	dm.cycleNetworkDeltasForCacheTime(cacheTimeMs)
+
+	// Calculate expected results precisely
+	deltaSent := uint64(2000000)                             // 3000000 - 1000000
+	deltaRecv := uint64(1000000)                             // 1500000 - 500000
+	expectedElapsedMs := uint64(1000)                        // Exactly 1000ms
+	expectedSentRate := deltaSent * 1000 / expectedElapsedMs // Should be exactly 2000000
+	expectedRecvRate := deltaRecv * 1000 / expectedElapsedMs // Should be exactly 1000000
+
+	// Second call with changed data
+	sent2, recv2 := dm.calculateNetworkStats(ctr, apiStats2, stats, true, "test", cacheTimeMs)
+
+	// Should be exactly the expected rates (no tolerance needed)
+	assert.Equal(t, expectedSentRate, sent2)
+	assert.Equal(t, expectedRecvRate, recv2)
+
+	// Bad speed cap: set absurd delta over 1ms and expect 0 due to cap
+	dm.cycleNetworkDeltasForCacheTime(cacheTimeMs)
+	stats.PrevReadTime = time.Now().Add(-1 * time.Millisecond)
+	apiStats1.Networks["eth0"] = container.NetworkStats{TxBytes: 0, RxBytes: 0}
+	apiStats2.Networks["eth0"] = container.NetworkStats{TxBytes: 10 * 1024 * 1024 * 1024, RxBytes: 0} // 10GB delta
+	_, _ = dm.calculateNetworkStats(ctr, apiStats1, stats, true, "test", cacheTimeMs)                 // baseline
+	dm.cycleNetworkDeltasForCacheTime(cacheTimeMs)
+	sent3, recv3 := dm.calculateNetworkStats(ctr, apiStats2, stats, true, "test", cacheTimeMs)
+	assert.Equal(t, uint64(0), sent3)
+	assert.Equal(t, uint64(0), recv3)
+}
+
+func TestContainerStatsEndToEndWithRealData(t *testing.T) {
+	// Load minimal container stats
+	data, err := os.ReadFile("test-data/container.json")
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	var apiStats container.ApiStats
+	err = json.Unmarshal(data, &apiStats)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	// Create a docker manager with proper initialization
+	dm := &dockerManager{
+		lastCpuContainer:    make(map[uint16]map[string]uint64),
+		lastCpuSystem:       make(map[uint16]map[string]uint64),
+		lastCpuReadTime:     make(map[uint16]map[string]time.Time),
+		networkSentTrackers: make(map[uint16]*deltatracker.DeltaTracker[string, uint64]),
+		networkRecvTrackers: make(map[uint16]*deltatracker.DeltaTracker[string, uint64]),
+		containerStatsMap:   make(map[string]*container.Stats),
+	}
+
+	// Initialize CPU tracking
+	cacheTimeMs := uint16(30000)
+	dm.initializeCpuTracking(cacheTimeMs)
+
+	// Create container info
+	ctr := &container.ApiInfo{
+		IdShort: "abc123",
+	}
+
+	// Initialize container stats
+	stats := &container.Stats{Name: "jellyfin"}
+	dm.containerStatsMap[ctr.IdShort] = stats
+
+	// Test individual components that we can verify
+	usedMemory, memErr := calculateMemoryUsage(&apiStats, false)
+	assert.NoError(t, memErr)
+	assert.Greater(t, usedMemory, uint64(0))
+
+	// Test CPU percentage validation
+	cpuPct := 85.5
+	err = validateCpuPercentage(cpuPct, "jellyfin")
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+
+	err = validateCpuPercentage(150.0, "jellyfin")
+	assert.Error(t, err)
+
+	// Test stats value updates
+	testStats := &container.Stats{}
+	testTime := time.Now()
+	updateContainerStatsValues(testStats, cpuPct, usedMemory, 1000000, 500000, testTime)
+
+	assert.Equal(t, cpuPct, testStats.Cpu)
+	assert.Equal(t, bytesToMegabytes(float64(usedMemory)), testStats.Mem)
+	assert.Equal(t, bytesToMegabytes(1000000), testStats.NetworkSent)
+	assert.Equal(t, bytesToMegabytes(500000), testStats.NetworkRecv)
+	assert.Equal(t, testTime, testStats.PrevReadTime)
+}
+
+func TestEdgeCasesWithRealData(t *testing.T) {
+	// Test with minimal container stats
+	minimalStats := &container.ApiStats{
+		CPUStats: container.CPUStats{
+			CPUUsage:    container.CPUUsage{TotalUsage: 1000},
+			SystemUsage: 50000,
+		},
+		MemoryStats: container.MemoryStats{
+			Usage: 1000000,
+			Stats: container.MemoryStatsStats{
+				Cache:        0,
+				InactiveFile: 0,
+			},
+		},
+		Networks: map[string]container.NetworkStats{
+			"eth0": {TxBytes: 1000, RxBytes: 500},
+		},
+	}
+
+	// Test memory calculation with zero cache/inactive
+	usedMemory, err := calculateMemoryUsage(minimalStats, false)
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+	assert.Equal(t, uint64(1000000), usedMemory) // Should equal usage when no cache
+
+	// Test CPU percentage calculation
+	cpuPct := minimalStats.CalculateCpuPercentLinux(0, 0) // First run
+	assert.Equal(t, 0.0, cpuPct)
+
+	// Test with Windows data
+	minimalStats.MemoryStats.PrivateWorkingSet = 800000
+	usedMemory, err = calculateMemoryUsage(minimalStats, true)
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+	assert.Equal(t, uint64(800000), usedMemory)
+}
+
+func TestDockerStatsWorkflow(t *testing.T) {
+	// Test the complete workflow that can be tested without HTTP calls
+	dm := &dockerManager{
+		lastCpuContainer:    make(map[uint16]map[string]uint64),
+		lastCpuSystem:       make(map[uint16]map[string]uint64),
+		networkSentTrackers: make(map[uint16]*deltatracker.DeltaTracker[string, uint64]),
+		networkRecvTrackers: make(map[uint16]*deltatracker.DeltaTracker[string, uint64]),
+		containerStatsMap:   make(map[string]*container.Stats),
+	}
+
+	cacheTimeMs := uint16(30000)
+
+	// Test CPU tracking workflow
+	dm.initializeCpuTracking(cacheTimeMs)
+	assert.NotNil(t, dm.lastCpuContainer[cacheTimeMs])
+
+	// Test setting and getting CPU values
+	dm.setCpuCurrentValues(cacheTimeMs, "test-container", 1000, 50000)
+	containerVal, systemVal := dm.getCpuPreviousValues(cacheTimeMs, "test-container")
+	assert.Equal(t, uint64(1000), containerVal)
+	assert.Equal(t, uint64(50000), systemVal)
+
+	// Test network tracking workflow (multi-interface summation)
+	sentTracker := dm.getNetworkTracker(cacheTimeMs, true)
+	recvTracker := dm.getNetworkTracker(cacheTimeMs, false)
+
+	// Simulate two interfaces summed by setting combined totals
+	sentTracker.Set("test-container", 1000+2000)
+	recvTracker.Set("test-container", 500+700)
+
+	deltaSent := sentTracker.Delta("test-container")
+	deltaRecv := recvTracker.Delta("test-container")
+	assert.Equal(t, uint64(0), deltaSent) // No previous value
+	assert.Equal(t, uint64(0), deltaRecv)
+
+	// Cycle and test again
+	dm.cycleNetworkDeltasForCacheTime(cacheTimeMs)
+
+	// Increase each interface total (combined totals go up by 1500 and 800)
+	sentTracker.Set("test-container", (1000+2000)+1500)
+	recvTracker.Set("test-container", (500+700)+800)
+
+	deltaSent = sentTracker.Delta("test-container")
+	deltaRecv = recvTracker.Delta("test-container")
+	assert.Equal(t, uint64(1500), deltaSent)
+	assert.Equal(t, uint64(800), deltaRecv)
+}
+
+func TestNetworkRateCalculationFormula(t *testing.T) {
+	// Test the exact formula used in calculateNetworkStats
+	testCases := []struct {
+		name         string
+		deltaBytes   uint64
+		elapsedMs    uint64
+		expectedRate uint64
+	}{
+		{"1MB over 1 second", 1000000, 1000, 1000000},
+		{"2MB over 1 second", 2000000, 1000, 2000000},
+		{"1MB over 2 seconds", 1000000, 2000, 500000},
+		{"500KB over 500ms", 500000, 500, 1000000},
+	}
+
+	for _, tc := range testCases {
+		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			// This is the exact formula from calculateNetworkStats
+			actualRate := tc.deltaBytes * 1000 / tc.elapsedMs
+			assert.Equal(t, tc.expectedRate, actualRate,
+				"Rate calculation should be exact: %d bytes * 1000 / %d ms = %d",
+				tc.deltaBytes, tc.elapsedMs, tc.expectedRate)
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestDeltaTrackerCacheTimeIsolation(t *testing.T) {
+	// Test that different cache times have separate DeltaTracker instances
+	dm := &dockerManager{
+		networkSentTrackers: make(map[uint16]*deltatracker.DeltaTracker[string, uint64]),
+		networkRecvTrackers: make(map[uint16]*deltatracker.DeltaTracker[string, uint64]),
+	}
+
+	ctr := &container.ApiInfo{IdShort: "web-server"}
+	cacheTime1 := uint16(30000)
+	cacheTime2 := uint16(60000)
+
+	// Get trackers for different cache times (creates separate instances)
+	sentTracker1 := dm.getNetworkTracker(cacheTime1, true)
+	recvTracker1 := dm.getNetworkTracker(cacheTime1, false)
+
+	sentTracker2 := dm.getNetworkTracker(cacheTime2, true)
+	recvTracker2 := dm.getNetworkTracker(cacheTime2, false)
+
+	// Verify they are different instances
+	assert.NotSame(t, sentTracker1, sentTracker2)
+	assert.NotSame(t, recvTracker1, recvTracker2)
+
+	// Set values for cache time 1
+	sentTracker1.Set(ctr.IdShort, 1000000)
+	recvTracker1.Set(ctr.IdShort, 500000)
+
+	// Set values for cache time 2
+	sentTracker2.Set(ctr.IdShort, 2000000)
+	recvTracker2.Set(ctr.IdShort, 1000000)
+
+	// Verify they don't interfere (both should return 0 since no previous values)
+	assert.Equal(t, uint64(0), sentTracker1.Delta(ctr.IdShort))
+	assert.Equal(t, uint64(0), recvTracker1.Delta(ctr.IdShort))
+	assert.Equal(t, uint64(0), sentTracker2.Delta(ctr.IdShort))
+	assert.Equal(t, uint64(0), recvTracker2.Delta(ctr.IdShort))
+
+	// Cycle cache time 1 trackers
+	dm.cycleNetworkDeltasForCacheTime(cacheTime1)
+
+	// Set new values for cache time 1
+	sentTracker1.Set(ctr.IdShort, 3000000) // 2MB increase
+	recvTracker1.Set(ctr.IdShort, 1500000) // 1MB increase
+
+	// Cache time 1 should show deltas, cache time 2 should still be 0
+	assert.Equal(t, uint64(2000000), sentTracker1.Delta(ctr.IdShort))
+	assert.Equal(t, uint64(1000000), recvTracker1.Delta(ctr.IdShort))
+	assert.Equal(t, uint64(0), sentTracker2.Delta(ctr.IdShort)) // Unaffected
+	assert.Equal(t, uint64(0), recvTracker2.Delta(ctr.IdShort)) // Unaffected
+
+	// Cycle cache time 2 and verify it works independently
+	dm.cycleNetworkDeltasForCacheTime(cacheTime2)
+	sentTracker2.Set(ctr.IdShort, 2500000) // 0.5MB increase
+	recvTracker2.Set(ctr.IdShort, 1200000) // 0.2MB increase
+
+	assert.Equal(t, uint64(500000), sentTracker2.Delta(ctr.IdShort))
+	assert.Equal(t, uint64(200000), recvTracker2.Delta(ctr.IdShort))
+}
+
+func TestConstantsAndUtilityFunctions(t *testing.T) {
+	// Test constants are properly defined
+	assert.Equal(t, uint16(60000), defaultCacheTimeMs)
+	assert.Equal(t, uint64(5e9), maxNetworkSpeedBps)
+	assert.Equal(t, 2100, dockerTimeoutMs)
+
+	// Test utility functions
+	assert.Equal(t, 1.5, twoDecimals(1.499))
+	assert.Equal(t, 1.5, twoDecimals(1.5))
+	assert.Equal(t, 1.5, twoDecimals(1.501))
+
+	assert.Equal(t, 1.0, bytesToMegabytes(1048576)) // 1 MB
+	assert.Equal(t, 0.5, bytesToMegabytes(524288))  // 512 KB
+	assert.Equal(t, 0.0, bytesToMegabytes(0))
+}

agent/gpu.go

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ import (
 	"bytes"
 	"encoding/json"
 	"fmt"
+	"maps"
 	"os/exec"
 	"regexp"
 	"strconv"
@@ -27,13 +28,10 @@ const (
 	nvidiaSmiInterval  string        = "4"    // in seconds
 	tegraStatsInterval string        = "3700" // in milliseconds
 	rocmSmiInterval    time.Duration = 4300 * time.Millisecond
-
 	// Command retry and timeout constants
 	retryWaitTime     time.Duration = 5 * time.Second
 	maxFailureRetries int           = 5
 
-	cmdBufferSize uint16 = 10 * 1024
-
 	// Unit Conversions
 	mebibytesInAMegabyte float64 = 1.024  // nvidia-smi reports memory in MiB
 	milliwattsInAWatt    float64 = 1000.0 // tegrastats reports power in mW
@@ -42,10 +40,26 @@ const (
 // GPUManager manages data collection for GPUs (either Nvidia or AMD)
 type GPUManager struct {
 	sync.Mutex
-	nvidiaSmi  bool
-	rocmSmi    bool
-	tegrastats bool
-	GpuDataMap map[string]*system.GPUData
+	nvidiaSmi     bool
+	rocmSmi       bool
+	tegrastats    bool
+	intelGpuStats bool
+	GpuDataMap    map[string]*system.GPUData
+	// lastAvgData stores the last calculated averages for each GPU
+	// Used when a collection happens before new data arrives (Count == 0)
+	lastAvgData map[string]system.GPUData
+	// Per-cache-key tracking for delta calculations
+	// cacheKey -> gpuId -> snapshot of last count/usage/power values
+	lastSnapshots map[uint16]map[string]*gpuSnapshot
+}
+
+// gpuSnapshot stores the last observed incremental values for delta tracking
+type gpuSnapshot struct {
+	count    uint32
+	usage    float64
+	power    float64
+	powerPkg float64
+	engines  map[string]float64
 }
 
 // RocmSmiJson represents the JSON structure of rocm-smi output
@@ -66,6 +80,7 @@ type gpuCollector struct {
 	cmdArgs []string
 	parse   func([]byte) bool // returns true if valid data was found
 	buf     []byte
+	bufSize uint16
 }
 
 var errNoValidData = fmt.Errorf("no valid GPU data found") // Error for missing data
@@ -99,7 +114,7 @@ func (c *gpuCollector) collect() error {
 
 	scanner := bufio.NewScanner(stdout)
 	if c.buf == nil {
-		c.buf = make([]byte, 0, cmdBufferSize)
+		c.buf = make([]byte, 0, c.bufSize)
 	}
 	scanner.Buffer(c.buf, bufio.MaxScanTokenSize)
 
@@ -230,36 +245,21 @@ func (gm *GPUManager) parseAmdData(output []byte) bool {
 	return true
 }
 
-// sums and resets the current GPU utilization data since the last update
-func (gm *GPUManager) GetCurrentData() map[string]system.GPUData {
+// GetCurrentData returns GPU utilization data averaged since the last call with this cacheKey
+func (gm *GPUManager) GetCurrentData(cacheKey uint16) map[string]system.GPUData {
 	gm.Lock()
 	defer gm.Unlock()
 
-	// check for GPUs with the same name
-	nameCounts := make(map[string]int)
-	for _, gpu := range gm.GpuDataMap {
-		nameCounts[gpu.Name]++
-	}
+	gm.initializeSnapshots(cacheKey)
+	nameCounts := gm.countGPUNames()
 
-	// copy / reset the data
 	gpuData := make(map[string]system.GPUData, len(gm.GpuDataMap))
 	for id, gpu := range gm.GpuDataMap {
-		gpuAvg := *gpu
+		gpuAvg := gm.calculateGPUAverage(id, gpu, cacheKey)
+		gm.updateInstantaneousValues(&gpuAvg, gpu)
+		gm.storeSnapshot(id, gpu, cacheKey)
 
-		gpuAvg.Temperature = twoDecimals(gpu.Temperature)
-		gpuAvg.MemoryUsed = twoDecimals(gpu.MemoryUsed)
-		gpuAvg.MemoryTotal = twoDecimals(gpu.MemoryTotal)
-
-		// avoid division by zero
-		if gpu.Count > 0 {
-			gpuAvg.Usage = twoDecimals(gpu.Usage / gpu.Count)
-			gpuAvg.Power = twoDecimals(gpu.Power / gpu.Count)
-		}
-
-		// reset accumulators in the original
-		gpu.Usage, gpu.Power, gpu.Count = 0, 0, 0
-
-		// append id to the name if there are multiple GPUs with the same name
+		// Append id to name if there are multiple GPUs with the same name
 		if nameCounts[gpu.Name] > 1 {
 			gpuAvg.Name = fmt.Sprintf("%s %s", gpu.Name, id)
 		}
@@ -269,6 +269,115 @@ func (gm *GPUManager) GetCurrentData() map[string]system.GPUData {
 	return gpuData
 }
 
+// initializeSnapshots ensures snapshot maps are initialized for the given cache key
+func (gm *GPUManager) initializeSnapshots(cacheKey uint16) {
+	if gm.lastAvgData == nil {
+		gm.lastAvgData = make(map[string]system.GPUData)
+	}
+	if gm.lastSnapshots == nil {
+		gm.lastSnapshots = make(map[uint16]map[string]*gpuSnapshot)
+	}
+	if gm.lastSnapshots[cacheKey] == nil {
+		gm.lastSnapshots[cacheKey] = make(map[string]*gpuSnapshot)
+	}
+}
+
+// countGPUNames returns a map of GPU names to their occurrence count
+func (gm *GPUManager) countGPUNames() map[string]int {
+	nameCounts := make(map[string]int)
+	for _, gpu := range gm.GpuDataMap {
+		nameCounts[gpu.Name]++
+	}
+	return nameCounts
+}
+
+// calculateGPUAverage computes the average GPU metrics since the last snapshot for this cache key
+func (gm *GPUManager) calculateGPUAverage(id string, gpu *system.GPUData, cacheKey uint16) system.GPUData {
+	lastSnapshot := gm.lastSnapshots[cacheKey][id]
+	currentCount := uint32(gpu.Count)
+	deltaCount := gm.calculateDeltaCount(currentCount, lastSnapshot)
+
+	// If no new data arrived, use last known average
+	if deltaCount == 0 {
+		return gm.lastAvgData[id] // zero value if not found
+	}
+
+	// Calculate new average
+	gpuAvg := *gpu
+	deltaUsage, deltaPower, deltaPowerPkg := gm.calculateDeltas(gpu, lastSnapshot)
+
+	gpuAvg.Power = twoDecimals(deltaPower / float64(deltaCount))
+
+	if gpu.Engines != nil {
+		// make fresh map for averaged engine metrics to avoid mutating
+		// the accumulator map stored in gm.GpuDataMap
+		gpuAvg.Engines = make(map[string]float64, len(gpu.Engines))
+		gpuAvg.Usage = gm.calculateIntelGPUUsage(&gpuAvg, gpu, lastSnapshot, deltaCount)
+		gpuAvg.PowerPkg = twoDecimals(deltaPowerPkg / float64(deltaCount))
+	} else {
+		gpuAvg.Usage = twoDecimals(deltaUsage / float64(deltaCount))
+	}
+
+	gm.lastAvgData[id] = gpuAvg
+	return gpuAvg
+}
+
+// calculateDeltaCount returns the change in count since the last snapshot
+func (gm *GPUManager) calculateDeltaCount(currentCount uint32, lastSnapshot *gpuSnapshot) uint32 {
+	if lastSnapshot != nil {
+		return currentCount - lastSnapshot.count
+	}
+	return currentCount
+}
+
+// calculateDeltas computes the change in usage, power, and powerPkg since the last snapshot
+func (gm *GPUManager) calculateDeltas(gpu *system.GPUData, lastSnapshot *gpuSnapshot) (deltaUsage, deltaPower, deltaPowerPkg float64) {
+	if lastSnapshot != nil {
+		return gpu.Usage - lastSnapshot.usage,
+			gpu.Power - lastSnapshot.power,
+			gpu.PowerPkg - lastSnapshot.powerPkg
+	}
+	return gpu.Usage, gpu.Power, gpu.PowerPkg
+}
+
+// calculateIntelGPUUsage computes Intel GPU usage from engine metrics and returns max engine usage
+func (gm *GPUManager) calculateIntelGPUUsage(gpuAvg, gpu *system.GPUData, lastSnapshot *gpuSnapshot, deltaCount uint32) float64 {
+	maxEngineUsage := 0.0
+	for name, engine := range gpu.Engines {
+		var deltaEngine float64
+		if lastSnapshot != nil && lastSnapshot.engines != nil {
+			deltaEngine = engine - lastSnapshot.engines[name]
+		} else {
+			deltaEngine = engine
+		}
+		gpuAvg.Engines[name] = twoDecimals(deltaEngine / float64(deltaCount))
+		maxEngineUsage = max(maxEngineUsage, deltaEngine/float64(deltaCount))
+	}
+	return twoDecimals(maxEngineUsage)
+}
+
+// updateInstantaneousValues updates values that should reflect current state, not averages
+func (gm *GPUManager) updateInstantaneousValues(gpuAvg *system.GPUData, gpu *system.GPUData) {
+	gpuAvg.Temperature = twoDecimals(gpu.Temperature)
+	gpuAvg.MemoryUsed = twoDecimals(gpu.MemoryUsed)
+	gpuAvg.MemoryTotal = twoDecimals(gpu.MemoryTotal)
+}
+
+// storeSnapshot saves the current GPU state for this cache key
+func (gm *GPUManager) storeSnapshot(id string, gpu *system.GPUData, cacheKey uint16) {
+	snapshot := &gpuSnapshot{
+		count:    uint32(gpu.Count),
+		usage:    gpu.Usage,
+		power:    gpu.Power,
+		powerPkg: gpu.PowerPkg,
+	}
+	if gpu.Engines != nil {
+		snapshot.engines = make(map[string]float64, len(gpu.Engines))
+		maps.Copy(snapshot.engines, gpu.Engines)
+	}
+	gm.lastSnapshots[cacheKey][id] = snapshot
+}
+
 // detectGPUs checks for the presence of GPU management tools (nvidia-smi, rocm-smi, tegrastats)
 // in the system path. It sets the corresponding flags in the GPUManager struct if any of these
 // tools are found. If none of the tools are found, it returns an error indicating that no GPU
@@ -284,18 +393,37 @@ func (gm *GPUManager) detectGPUs() error {
 		gm.tegrastats = true
 		gm.nvidiaSmi = false
 	}
-	if gm.nvidiaSmi || gm.rocmSmi || gm.tegrastats {
+	if _, err := exec.LookPath(intelGpuStatsCmd); err == nil {
+		gm.intelGpuStats = true
+	}
+	if gm.nvidiaSmi || gm.rocmSmi || gm.tegrastats || gm.intelGpuStats {
 		return nil
 	}
-	return fmt.Errorf("no GPU found - install nvidia-smi, rocm-smi, or tegrastats")
+	return fmt.Errorf("no GPU found - install nvidia-smi, rocm-smi, tegrastats, or intel_gpu_top")
 }
 
 // startCollector starts the appropriate GPU data collector based on the command
 func (gm *GPUManager) startCollector(command string) {
 	collector := gpuCollector{
-		name: command,
+		name:    command,
+		bufSize: 10 * 1024,
 	}
 	switch command {
+	case intelGpuStatsCmd:
+		go func() {
+			failures := 0
+			for {
+				if err := gm.collectIntelStats(); err != nil {
+					failures++
+					if failures > maxFailureRetries {
+						break
+					}
+					slog.Warn("Error collecting Intel GPU data; see https://beszel.dev/guide/gpu", "err", err)
+					time.Sleep(retryWaitTime)
+					continue
+				}
+			}
+		}()
 	case nvidiaSmiCmd:
 		collector.cmdArgs = []string{
 			"-l", nvidiaSmiInterval,
@@ -329,6 +457,9 @@ func (gm *GPUManager) startCollector(command string) {
 
 // NewGPUManager creates and initializes a new GPUManager
 func NewGPUManager() (*GPUManager, error) {
+	if skipGPU, _ := GetEnv("SKIP_GPU"); skipGPU == "true" {
+		return nil, nil
+	}
 	var gm GPUManager
 	if err := gm.detectGPUs(); err != nil {
 		return nil, err
@@ -344,6 +475,9 @@ func NewGPUManager() (*GPUManager, error) {
 	if gm.tegrastats {
 		gm.startCollector(tegraStatsCmd)
 	}
+	if gm.intelGpuStats {
+		gm.startCollector(intelGpuStatsCmd)
+	}
 
 	return &gm, nil
 }

agent/gpu_intel.go

@@ -0,0 +1,199 @@
+package agent
+
+import (
+	"bufio"
+	"io"
+	"os/exec"
+	"strconv"
+	"strings"
+
+	"github.com/henrygd/beszel/internal/entities/system"
+)
+
+const (
+	intelGpuStatsCmd      string = "intel_gpu_top"
+	intelGpuStatsInterval string = "3300" // in milliseconds
+)
+
+type intelGpuStats struct {
+	PowerGPU float64
+	PowerPkg float64
+	Engines  map[string]float64
+}
+
+// updateIntelFromStats updates aggregated GPU data from a single intelGpuStats sample
+func (gm *GPUManager) updateIntelFromStats(sample *intelGpuStats) bool {
+	gm.Lock()
+	defer gm.Unlock()
+
+	// only one gpu for now - cmd doesn't provide all by default
+	gpuData, ok := gm.GpuDataMap["0"]
+	if !ok {
+		gpuData = &system.GPUData{Name: "GPU", Engines: make(map[string]float64)}
+		gm.GpuDataMap["0"] = gpuData
+	}
+
+	gpuData.Power += sample.PowerGPU
+	gpuData.PowerPkg += sample.PowerPkg
+
+	if gpuData.Engines == nil {
+		gpuData.Engines = make(map[string]float64, len(sample.Engines))
+	}
+	for name, engine := range sample.Engines {
+		gpuData.Engines[name] += engine
+	}
+
+	gpuData.Count++
+	return true
+}
+
+// collectIntelStats executes intel_gpu_top in text mode (-l) and parses the output
+func (gm *GPUManager) collectIntelStats() (err error) {
+	cmd := exec.Command(intelGpuStatsCmd, "-s", intelGpuStatsInterval, "-l")
+	// Avoid blocking if intel_gpu_top writes to stderr
+	cmd.Stderr = io.Discard
+	stdout, err := cmd.StdoutPipe()
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if err := cmd.Start(); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	// Ensure we always reap the child to avoid zombies on any return path and
+	// propagate a non-zero exit code if no other error was set.
+	defer func() {
+		// Best-effort close of the pipe (unblock the child if it writes)
+		_ = stdout.Close()
+		if cmd.ProcessState == nil || !cmd.ProcessState.Exited() {
+			_ = cmd.Process.Kill()
+		}
+		if waitErr := cmd.Wait(); err == nil && waitErr != nil {
+			err = waitErr
+		}
+	}()
+
+	scanner := bufio.NewScanner(stdout)
+	var header1 string
+	var engineNames []string
+	var friendlyNames []string
+	var preEngineCols int
+	var powerIndex int
+	var hadDataRow bool
+	// skip first data row because it sometimes has erroneous data
+	var skippedFirstDataRow bool
+
+	for scanner.Scan() {
+		line := strings.TrimSpace(scanner.Text())
+		if line == "" {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		// first header line
+		if strings.HasPrefix(line, "Freq") {
+			header1 = line
+			continue
+		}
+
+		// second header line
+		if strings.HasPrefix(line, "req") {
+			engineNames, friendlyNames, powerIndex, preEngineCols = gm.parseIntelHeaders(header1, line)
+			continue
+		}
+
+		// Data row
+		if !skippedFirstDataRow {
+			skippedFirstDataRow = true
+			continue
+		}
+		sample, err := gm.parseIntelData(line, engineNames, friendlyNames, powerIndex, preEngineCols)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		hadDataRow = true
+		gm.updateIntelFromStats(&sample)
+	}
+	if scanErr := scanner.Err(); scanErr != nil {
+		return scanErr
+	}
+	if !hadDataRow {
+		return errNoValidData
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (gm *GPUManager) parseIntelHeaders(header1 string, header2 string) (engineNames []string, friendlyNames []string, powerIndex int, preEngineCols int) {
+	// Build indexes
+	h1 := strings.Fields(header1)
+	h2 := strings.Fields(header2)
+	powerIndex = -1 // Initialize to -1, will be set to actual index if found
+	// Collect engine names from header1
+	for _, col := range h1 {
+		key := strings.TrimRightFunc(col, func(r rune) bool { return r >= '0' && r <= '9' })
+		var friendly string
+		switch key {
+		case "RCS":
+			friendly = "Render/3D"
+		case "BCS":
+			friendly = "Blitter"
+		case "VCS":
+			friendly = "Video"
+		case "VECS":
+			friendly = "VideoEnhance"
+		case "CCS":
+			friendly = "Compute"
+		default:
+			continue
+		}
+		engineNames = append(engineNames, key)
+		friendlyNames = append(friendlyNames, friendly)
+	}
+	// find power gpu index among pre-engine columns
+	if n := len(engineNames); n > 0 {
+		preEngineCols = max(len(h2)-3*n, 0)
+		limit := min(len(h2), preEngineCols)
+		for i := range limit {
+			if strings.EqualFold(h2[i], "gpu") {
+				powerIndex = i
+				break
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	return engineNames, friendlyNames, powerIndex, preEngineCols
+}
+
+func (gm *GPUManager) parseIntelData(line string, engineNames []string, friendlyNames []string, powerIndex int, preEngineCols int) (sample intelGpuStats, err error) {
+	fields := strings.Fields(line)
+	if len(fields) == 0 {
+		return sample, errNoValidData
+	}
+	// Make sure row has enough columns for engines
+	if need := preEngineCols + 3*len(engineNames); len(fields) < need {
+		return sample, errNoValidData
+	}
+	if powerIndex >= 0 && powerIndex < len(fields) {
+		if v, perr := strconv.ParseFloat(fields[powerIndex], 64); perr == nil {
+			sample.PowerGPU = v
+		}
+		if v, perr := strconv.ParseFloat(fields[powerIndex+1], 64); perr == nil {
+			sample.PowerPkg = v
+		}
+	}
+	if len(engineNames) > 0 {
+		sample.Engines = make(map[string]float64, len(engineNames))
+		for k := range engineNames {
+			base := preEngineCols + 3*k
+			if base < len(fields) {
+				busy := 0.0
+				if v, e := strconv.ParseFloat(fields[base], 64); e == nil {
+					busy = v
+				}
+				cur := sample.Engines[friendlyNames[k]]
+				sample.Engines[friendlyNames[k]] = cur + busy
+			} else {
+				sample.Engines[friendlyNames[k]] = 0
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	return sample, nil
+}

agent/gpu_test.go

@@ -332,7 +332,7 @@ func TestParseJetsonData(t *testing.T) {
 }
 
 func TestGetCurrentData(t *testing.T) {
-	t.Run("calculates averages and resets accumulators", func(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("calculates averages with per-cache-key delta tracking", func(t *testing.T) {
 		gm := &GPUManager{
 			GpuDataMap: map[string]*system.GPUData{
 				"0": {
@@ -365,7 +365,8 @@ func TestGetCurrentData(t *testing.T) {
 			},
 		}
 
-		result := gm.GetCurrentData()
+		cacheKey := uint16(5000)
+		result := gm.GetCurrentData(cacheKey)
 
 		// Verify name disambiguation
 		assert.Equal(t, "GPU1 0", result["0"].Name)
@@ -378,13 +379,19 @@ func TestGetCurrentData(t *testing.T) {
 		assert.InDelta(t, 30.0, result["1"].Usage, 0.01)
 		assert.InDelta(t, 60.0, result["1"].Power, 0.01)
 
-		// Verify that accumulators in the original map are reset
-		assert.Equal(t, float64(0), gm.GpuDataMap["0"].Count, "GPU 0 Count should be reset")
-		assert.Equal(t, float64(0), gm.GpuDataMap["0"].Usage, "GPU 0 Usage should be reset")
-		assert.Equal(t, float64(0), gm.GpuDataMap["0"].Power, "GPU 0 Power should be reset")
-		assert.Equal(t, float64(0), gm.GpuDataMap["1"].Count, "GPU 1 Count should be reset")
-		assert.Equal(t, float64(0), gm.GpuDataMap["1"].Usage, "GPU 1 Usage should be reset")
-		assert.Equal(t, float64(0), gm.GpuDataMap["1"].Power, "GPU 1 Power should be reset")
+		// Verify that accumulators in the original map are NOT reset (they keep growing)
+		assert.EqualValues(t, 2, gm.GpuDataMap["0"].Count, "GPU 0 Count should remain at 2")
+		assert.EqualValues(t, 100, gm.GpuDataMap["0"].Usage, "GPU 0 Usage should remain at 100")
+		assert.Equal(t, 200.0, gm.GpuDataMap["0"].Power, "GPU 0 Power should remain at 200")
+		assert.Equal(t, 1.0, gm.GpuDataMap["1"].Count, "GPU 1 Count should remain at 1")
+		assert.Equal(t, 30.0, gm.GpuDataMap["1"].Usage, "GPU 1 Usage should remain at 30")
+		assert.Equal(t, 60.0, gm.GpuDataMap["1"].Power, "GPU 1 Power should remain at 60")
+
+		// Verify snapshots were stored for this cache key
+		assert.NotNil(t, gm.lastSnapshots[cacheKey]["0"])
+		assert.Equal(t, uint32(2), gm.lastSnapshots[cacheKey]["0"].count)
+		assert.Equal(t, 100.0, gm.lastSnapshots[cacheKey]["0"].usage)
+		assert.Equal(t, 200.0, gm.lastSnapshots[cacheKey]["0"].power)
 	})
 
 	t.Run("handles zero count without panicking", func(t *testing.T) {
@@ -399,17 +406,543 @@ func TestGetCurrentData(t *testing.T) {
 			},
 		}
 
+		cacheKey := uint16(5000)
 		var result map[string]system.GPUData
 		assert.NotPanics(t, func() {
-			result = gm.GetCurrentData()
+			result = gm.GetCurrentData(cacheKey)
 		})
 
 		// Check that usage and power are 0
 		assert.Equal(t, 0.0, result["0"].Usage)
 		assert.Equal(t, 0.0, result["0"].Power)
 
-		// Verify reset count
-		assert.Equal(t, float64(0), gm.GpuDataMap["0"].Count)
+		// Verify count remains 0
+		assert.EqualValues(t, 0, gm.GpuDataMap["0"].Count)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("uses last average when no new data arrives", func(t *testing.T) {
+		gm := &GPUManager{
+			GpuDataMap: map[string]*system.GPUData{
+				"0": {
+					Name:        "TestGPU",
+					Temperature: 55.0,
+					MemoryUsed:  1500,
+					MemoryTotal: 8000,
+					Usage:       100, // Will average to 50
+					Power:       200, // Will average to 100
+					Count:       2,
+				},
+			},
+		}
+
+		cacheKey := uint16(5000)
+
+		// First collection - should calculate averages and store them
+		result1 := gm.GetCurrentData(cacheKey)
+		assert.InDelta(t, 50.0, result1["0"].Usage, 0.01)
+		assert.InDelta(t, 100.0, result1["0"].Power, 0.01)
+		assert.EqualValues(t, 2, gm.GpuDataMap["0"].Count, "Count should remain at 2")
+
+		// Update temperature but no new usage/power data (count stays same)
+		gm.GpuDataMap["0"].Temperature = 60.0
+		gm.GpuDataMap["0"].MemoryUsed = 1600
+
+		// Second collection - should use last averages since count hasn't changed (delta = 0)
+		result2 := gm.GetCurrentData(cacheKey)
+		assert.InDelta(t, 50.0, result2["0"].Usage, 0.01, "Should use last average")
+		assert.InDelta(t, 100.0, result2["0"].Power, 0.01, "Should use last average")
+		assert.InDelta(t, 60.0, result2["0"].Temperature, 0.01, "Should use current temperature")
+		assert.InDelta(t, 1600.0, result2["0"].MemoryUsed, 0.01, "Should use current memory")
+		assert.EqualValues(t, 2, gm.GpuDataMap["0"].Count, "Count should still be 2")
+	})
+
+	t.Run("tracks separate averages per cache key", func(t *testing.T) {
+		gm := &GPUManager{
+			GpuDataMap: map[string]*system.GPUData{
+				"0": {
+					Name:        "TestGPU",
+					Temperature: 55.0,
+					MemoryUsed:  1500,
+					MemoryTotal: 8000,
+					Usage:       100, // Initial: 100 over 2 counts = 50 avg
+					Power:       200, // Initial: 200 over 2 counts = 100 avg
+					Count:       2,
+				},
+			},
+		}
+
+		cacheKey1 := uint16(5000)
+		cacheKey2 := uint16(10000)
+
+		// First check with cacheKey1 - baseline
+		result1 := gm.GetCurrentData(cacheKey1)
+		assert.InDelta(t, 50.0, result1["0"].Usage, 0.01, "CacheKey1: Initial average should be 50")
+		assert.InDelta(t, 100.0, result1["0"].Power, 0.01, "CacheKey1: Initial average should be 100")
+
+		// Simulate GPU activity - accumulate more data
+		gm.GpuDataMap["0"].Usage += 60  // Now total: 160
+		gm.GpuDataMap["0"].Power += 150 // Now total: 350
+		gm.GpuDataMap["0"].Count += 3   // Now total: 5
+
+		// Check with cacheKey1 again - should get delta since last cacheKey1 check
+		result2 := gm.GetCurrentData(cacheKey1)
+		assert.InDelta(t, 20.0, result2["0"].Usage, 0.01, "CacheKey1: Delta average should be 60/3 = 20")
+		assert.InDelta(t, 50.0, result2["0"].Power, 0.01, "CacheKey1: Delta average should be 150/3 = 50")
+
+		// Check with cacheKey2 for the first time - should get average since beginning
+		result3 := gm.GetCurrentData(cacheKey2)
+		assert.InDelta(t, 32.0, result3["0"].Usage, 0.01, "CacheKey2: Total average should be 160/5 = 32")
+		assert.InDelta(t, 70.0, result3["0"].Power, 0.01, "CacheKey2: Total average should be 350/5 = 70")
+
+		// Simulate more GPU activity
+		gm.GpuDataMap["0"].Usage += 80  // Now total: 240
+		gm.GpuDataMap["0"].Power += 160 // Now total: 510
+		gm.GpuDataMap["0"].Count += 2   // Now total: 7
+
+		// Check with cacheKey1 - should get delta since last cacheKey1 check
+		result4 := gm.GetCurrentData(cacheKey1)
+		assert.InDelta(t, 40.0, result4["0"].Usage, 0.01, "CacheKey1: New delta average should be 80/2 = 40")
+		assert.InDelta(t, 80.0, result4["0"].Power, 0.01, "CacheKey1: New delta average should be 160/2 = 80")
+
+		// Check with cacheKey2 - should get delta since last cacheKey2 check
+		result5 := gm.GetCurrentData(cacheKey2)
+		assert.InDelta(t, 40.0, result5["0"].Usage, 0.01, "CacheKey2: Delta average should be 80/2 = 40")
+		assert.InDelta(t, 80.0, result5["0"].Power, 0.01, "CacheKey2: Delta average should be 160/2 = 80")
+
+		// Verify snapshots exist for both cache keys
+		assert.NotNil(t, gm.lastSnapshots[cacheKey1])
+		assert.NotNil(t, gm.lastSnapshots[cacheKey2])
+		assert.NotNil(t, gm.lastSnapshots[cacheKey1]["0"])
+		assert.NotNil(t, gm.lastSnapshots[cacheKey2]["0"])
+	})
+}
+
+func TestCalculateDeltaCount(t *testing.T) {
+	gm := &GPUManager{}
+
+	t.Run("with no previous snapshot", func(t *testing.T) {
+		delta := gm.calculateDeltaCount(10, nil)
+		assert.Equal(t, uint32(10), delta, "Should return current count when no snapshot exists")
+	})
+
+	t.Run("with previous snapshot", func(t *testing.T) {
+		snapshot := &gpuSnapshot{count: 5}
+		delta := gm.calculateDeltaCount(15, snapshot)
+		assert.Equal(t, uint32(10), delta, "Should return difference between current and snapshot")
+	})
+
+	t.Run("with same count", func(t *testing.T) {
+		snapshot := &gpuSnapshot{count: 10}
+		delta := gm.calculateDeltaCount(10, snapshot)
+		assert.Equal(t, uint32(0), delta, "Should return zero when count hasn't changed")
+	})
+}
+
+func TestCalculateDeltas(t *testing.T) {
+	gm := &GPUManager{}
+
+	t.Run("with no previous snapshot", func(t *testing.T) {
+		gpu := &system.GPUData{
+			Usage:    100.5,
+			Power:    250.75,
+			PowerPkg: 300.25,
+		}
+		deltaUsage, deltaPower, deltaPowerPkg := gm.calculateDeltas(gpu, nil)
+		assert.Equal(t, 100.5, deltaUsage)
+		assert.Equal(t, 250.75, deltaPower)
+		assert.Equal(t, 300.25, deltaPowerPkg)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("with previous snapshot", func(t *testing.T) {
+		gpu := &system.GPUData{
+			Usage:    150.5,
+			Power:    300.75,
+			PowerPkg: 400.25,
+		}
+		snapshot := &gpuSnapshot{
+			usage:    100.5,
+			power:    250.75,
+			powerPkg: 300.25,
+		}
+		deltaUsage, deltaPower, deltaPowerPkg := gm.calculateDeltas(gpu, snapshot)
+		assert.InDelta(t, 50.0, deltaUsage, 0.01)
+		assert.InDelta(t, 50.0, deltaPower, 0.01)
+		assert.InDelta(t, 100.0, deltaPowerPkg, 0.01)
+	})
+}
+
+func TestCalculateIntelGPUUsage(t *testing.T) {
+	gm := &GPUManager{}
+
+	t.Run("with no previous snapshot", func(t *testing.T) {
+		gpuAvg := &system.GPUData{
+			Engines: make(map[string]float64),
+		}
+		gpu := &system.GPUData{
+			Engines: map[string]float64{
+				"Render/3D": 80.0,
+				"Video":     40.0,
+				"Compute":   60.0,
+			},
+		}
+		maxUsage := gm.calculateIntelGPUUsage(gpuAvg, gpu, nil, 2)
+
+		assert.Equal(t, 40.0, maxUsage, "Should return max engine usage (80/2=40)")
+		assert.Equal(t, 40.0, gpuAvg.Engines["Render/3D"])
+		assert.Equal(t, 20.0, gpuAvg.Engines["Video"])
+		assert.Equal(t, 30.0, gpuAvg.Engines["Compute"])
+	})
+
+	t.Run("with previous snapshot", func(t *testing.T) {
+		gpuAvg := &system.GPUData{
+			Engines: make(map[string]float64),
+		}
+		gpu := &system.GPUData{
+			Engines: map[string]float64{
+				"Render/3D": 180.0,
+				"Video":     100.0,
+				"Compute":   140.0,
+			},
+		}
+		snapshot := &gpuSnapshot{
+			engines: map[string]float64{
+				"Render/3D": 80.0,
+				"Video":     40.0,
+				"Compute":   60.0,
+			},
+		}
+		maxUsage := gm.calculateIntelGPUUsage(gpuAvg, gpu, snapshot, 5)
+
+		// Deltas: Render/3D=100, Video=60, Compute=80 over 5 counts
+		assert.Equal(t, 20.0, maxUsage, "Should return max engine delta (100/5=20)")
+		assert.Equal(t, 20.0, gpuAvg.Engines["Render/3D"])
+		assert.Equal(t, 12.0, gpuAvg.Engines["Video"])
+		assert.Equal(t, 16.0, gpuAvg.Engines["Compute"])
+	})
+
+	t.Run("handles missing engine in snapshot", func(t *testing.T) {
+		gpuAvg := &system.GPUData{
+			Engines: make(map[string]float64),
+		}
+		gpu := &system.GPUData{
+			Engines: map[string]float64{
+				"Render/3D": 100.0,
+				"NewEngine": 50.0,
+			},
+		}
+		snapshot := &gpuSnapshot{
+			engines: map[string]float64{
+				"Render/3D": 80.0,
+				// NewEngine doesn't exist in snapshot
+			},
+		}
+		maxUsage := gm.calculateIntelGPUUsage(gpuAvg, gpu, snapshot, 2)
+
+		assert.Equal(t, 25.0, maxUsage)
+		assert.Equal(t, 10.0, gpuAvg.Engines["Render/3D"], "Should use delta for existing engine")
+		assert.Equal(t, 25.0, gpuAvg.Engines["NewEngine"], "Should use full value for new engine")
+	})
+}
+
+func TestUpdateInstantaneousValues(t *testing.T) {
+	gm := &GPUManager{}
+
+	t.Run("updates temperature, memory used and total", func(t *testing.T) {
+		gpuAvg := &system.GPUData{
+			Temperature: 50.123,
+			MemoryUsed:  1000.456,
+			MemoryTotal: 8000.789,
+		}
+		gpu := &system.GPUData{
+			Temperature: 75.567,
+			MemoryUsed:  2500.891,
+			MemoryTotal: 8192.234,
+		}
+
+		gm.updateInstantaneousValues(gpuAvg, gpu)
+
+		assert.Equal(t, 75.57, gpuAvg.Temperature, "Should update and round temperature")
+		assert.Equal(t, 2500.89, gpuAvg.MemoryUsed, "Should update and round memory used")
+		assert.Equal(t, 8192.23, gpuAvg.MemoryTotal, "Should update and round memory total")
+	})
+}
+
+func TestStoreSnapshot(t *testing.T) {
+	gm := &GPUManager{
+		lastSnapshots: make(map[uint16]map[string]*gpuSnapshot),
+	}
+
+	t.Run("stores standard GPU snapshot", func(t *testing.T) {
+		cacheKey := uint16(5000)
+		gm.lastSnapshots[cacheKey] = make(map[string]*gpuSnapshot)
+
+		gpu := &system.GPUData{
+			Count:    10.0,
+			Usage:    150.5,
+			Power:    250.75,
+			PowerPkg: 300.25,
+		}
+
+		gm.storeSnapshot("0", gpu, cacheKey)
+
+		snapshot := gm.lastSnapshots[cacheKey]["0"]
+		assert.NotNil(t, snapshot)
+		assert.Equal(t, uint32(10), snapshot.count)
+		assert.Equal(t, 150.5, snapshot.usage)
+		assert.Equal(t, 250.75, snapshot.power)
+		assert.Equal(t, 300.25, snapshot.powerPkg)
+		assert.Nil(t, snapshot.engines, "Should not have engines for standard GPU")
+	})
+
+	t.Run("stores Intel GPU snapshot with engines", func(t *testing.T) {
+		cacheKey := uint16(10000)
+		gm.lastSnapshots[cacheKey] = make(map[string]*gpuSnapshot)
+
+		gpu := &system.GPUData{
+			Count:    5.0,
+			Usage:    100.0,
+			Power:    200.0,
+			PowerPkg: 250.0,
+			Engines: map[string]float64{
+				"Render/3D": 80.0,
+				"Video":     40.0,
+			},
+		}
+
+		gm.storeSnapshot("0", gpu, cacheKey)
+
+		snapshot := gm.lastSnapshots[cacheKey]["0"]
+		assert.NotNil(t, snapshot)
+		assert.Equal(t, uint32(5), snapshot.count)
+		assert.NotNil(t, snapshot.engines, "Should have engines for Intel GPU")
+		assert.Equal(t, 80.0, snapshot.engines["Render/3D"])
+		assert.Equal(t, 40.0, snapshot.engines["Video"])
+		assert.Len(t, snapshot.engines, 2)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("overwrites existing snapshot", func(t *testing.T) {
+		cacheKey := uint16(5000)
+		gm.lastSnapshots[cacheKey] = make(map[string]*gpuSnapshot)
+
+		// Store initial snapshot
+		gpu1 := &system.GPUData{Count: 5.0, Usage: 100.0, Power: 200.0}
+		gm.storeSnapshot("0", gpu1, cacheKey)
+
+		// Store updated snapshot
+		gpu2 := &system.GPUData{Count: 10.0, Usage: 250.0, Power: 400.0}
+		gm.storeSnapshot("0", gpu2, cacheKey)
+
+		snapshot := gm.lastSnapshots[cacheKey]["0"]
+		assert.Equal(t, uint32(10), snapshot.count, "Should overwrite previous count")
+		assert.Equal(t, 250.0, snapshot.usage, "Should overwrite previous usage")
+		assert.Equal(t, 400.0, snapshot.power, "Should overwrite previous power")
+	})
+}
+
+func TestCountGPUNames(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("returns empty map for no GPUs", func(t *testing.T) {
+		gm := &GPUManager{
+			GpuDataMap: make(map[string]*system.GPUData),
+		}
+		counts := gm.countGPUNames()
+		assert.Empty(t, counts)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("counts unique GPU names", func(t *testing.T) {
+		gm := &GPUManager{
+			GpuDataMap: map[string]*system.GPUData{
+				"0": {Name: "GPU A"},
+				"1": {Name: "GPU B"},
+				"2": {Name: "GPU C"},
+			},
+		}
+		counts := gm.countGPUNames()
+		assert.Equal(t, 1, counts["GPU A"])
+		assert.Equal(t, 1, counts["GPU B"])
+		assert.Equal(t, 1, counts["GPU C"])
+		assert.Len(t, counts, 3)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("counts duplicate GPU names", func(t *testing.T) {
+		gm := &GPUManager{
+			GpuDataMap: map[string]*system.GPUData{
+				"0": {Name: "RTX 4090"},
+				"1": {Name: "RTX 4090"},
+				"2": {Name: "RTX 4090"},
+				"3": {Name: "RTX 3080"},
+			},
+		}
+		counts := gm.countGPUNames()
+		assert.Equal(t, 3, counts["RTX 4090"])
+		assert.Equal(t, 1, counts["RTX 3080"])
+		assert.Len(t, counts, 2)
+	})
+}
+
+func TestInitializeSnapshots(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("initializes all maps from scratch", func(t *testing.T) {
+		gm := &GPUManager{}
+		cacheKey := uint16(5000)
+
+		gm.initializeSnapshots(cacheKey)
+
+		assert.NotNil(t, gm.lastAvgData)
+		assert.NotNil(t, gm.lastSnapshots)
+		assert.NotNil(t, gm.lastSnapshots[cacheKey])
+	})
+
+	t.Run("initializes only missing maps", func(t *testing.T) {
+		gm := &GPUManager{
+			lastAvgData: make(map[string]system.GPUData),
+		}
+		cacheKey := uint16(5000)
+
+		gm.initializeSnapshots(cacheKey)
+
+		assert.NotNil(t, gm.lastAvgData, "Should preserve existing lastAvgData")
+		assert.NotNil(t, gm.lastSnapshots)
+		assert.NotNil(t, gm.lastSnapshots[cacheKey])
+	})
+
+	t.Run("adds new cache key to existing snapshots", func(t *testing.T) {
+		existingKey := uint16(5000)
+		newKey := uint16(10000)
+
+		gm := &GPUManager{
+			lastSnapshots: map[uint16]map[string]*gpuSnapshot{
+				existingKey: {"0": {count: 10}},
+			},
+		}
+
+		gm.initializeSnapshots(newKey)
+
+		assert.NotNil(t, gm.lastSnapshots[existingKey], "Should preserve existing cache key")
+		assert.NotNil(t, gm.lastSnapshots[newKey], "Should add new cache key")
+		assert.NotNil(t, gm.lastSnapshots[existingKey]["0"], "Should preserve existing snapshot data")
+	})
+}
+
+func TestCalculateGPUAverage(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("returns zero value when deltaCount is zero", func(t *testing.T) {
+		gm := &GPUManager{
+			lastSnapshots: map[uint16]map[string]*gpuSnapshot{
+				5000: {
+					"0": {count: 10, usage: 100, power: 200},
+				},
+			},
+			lastAvgData: map[string]system.GPUData{
+				"0": {Usage: 50.0, Power: 100.0},
+			},
+		}
+
+		gpu := &system.GPUData{
+			Count: 10.0, // Same as snapshot, so delta = 0
+			Usage: 100.0,
+			Power: 200.0,
+		}
+
+		result := gm.calculateGPUAverage("0", gpu, 5000)
+
+		assert.Equal(t, 50.0, result.Usage, "Should return cached average")
+		assert.Equal(t, 100.0, result.Power, "Should return cached average")
+	})
+
+	t.Run("calculates average for standard GPU", func(t *testing.T) {
+		gm := &GPUManager{
+			lastSnapshots: map[uint16]map[string]*gpuSnapshot{
+				5000: {},
+			},
+			lastAvgData: make(map[string]system.GPUData),
+		}
+
+		gpu := &system.GPUData{
+			Name:  "Test GPU",
+			Count: 4.0,
+			Usage: 200.0, // 200 / 4 = 50
+			Power: 400.0, // 400 / 4 = 100
+		}
+
+		result := gm.calculateGPUAverage("0", gpu, 5000)
+
+		assert.Equal(t, 50.0, result.Usage)
+		assert.Equal(t, 100.0, result.Power)
+		assert.Equal(t, "Test GPU", result.Name)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("calculates average for Intel GPU with engines", func(t *testing.T) {
+		gm := &GPUManager{
+			lastSnapshots: map[uint16]map[string]*gpuSnapshot{
+				5000: {},
+			},
+			lastAvgData: make(map[string]system.GPUData),
+		}
+
+		gpu := &system.GPUData{
+			Name:     "Intel GPU",
+			Count:    5.0,
+			Power:    500.0,
+			PowerPkg: 600.0,
+			Engines: map[string]float64{
+				"Render/3D": 100.0, // 100 / 5 = 20
+				"Video":     50.0,  // 50 / 5 = 10
+			},
+		}
+
+		result := gm.calculateGPUAverage("0", gpu, 5000)
+
+		assert.Equal(t, 100.0, result.Power)
+		assert.Equal(t, 120.0, result.PowerPkg)
+		assert.Equal(t, 20.0, result.Usage, "Should use max engine usage")
+		assert.Equal(t, 20.0, result.Engines["Render/3D"])
+		assert.Equal(t, 10.0, result.Engines["Video"])
+	})
+
+	t.Run("calculates delta from previous snapshot", func(t *testing.T) {
+		gm := &GPUManager{
+			lastSnapshots: map[uint16]map[string]*gpuSnapshot{
+				5000: {
+					"0": {
+						count:    2,
+						usage:    50.0,
+						power:    100.0,
+						powerPkg: 120.0,
+					},
+				},
+			},
+			lastAvgData: make(map[string]system.GPUData),
+		}
+
+		gpu := &system.GPUData{
+			Name:     "Test GPU",
+			Count:    7.0,   // Delta = 7 - 2 = 5
+			Usage:    200.0, // Delta = 200 - 50 = 150, avg = 150/5 = 30
+			Power:    350.0, // Delta = 350 - 100 = 250, avg = 250/5 = 50
+			PowerPkg: 420.0, // Delta = 420 - 120 = 300, avg = 300/5 = 60
+		}
+
+		result := gm.calculateGPUAverage("0", gpu, 5000)
+
+		assert.Equal(t, 30.0, result.Usage)
+		assert.Equal(t, 50.0, result.Power)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("stores result in lastAvgData", func(t *testing.T) {
+		gm := &GPUManager{
+			lastSnapshots: map[uint16]map[string]*gpuSnapshot{
+				5000: {},
+			},
+			lastAvgData: make(map[string]system.GPUData),
+		}
+
+		gpu := &system.GPUData{
+			Count: 2.0,
+			Usage: 100.0,
+			Power: 200.0,
+		}
+
+		result := gm.calculateGPUAverage("0", gpu, 5000)
+
+		assert.Equal(t, result, gm.lastAvgData["0"], "Should store calculated average")
 	})
 }
 
@@ -756,16 +1289,17 @@ func TestAccumulation(t *testing.T) {
 					continue
 				}
 
-				assert.InDelta(t, expected.temperature, gpu.Temperature, 0.01, "Temperature should match")
-				assert.InDelta(t, expected.memoryUsed, gpu.MemoryUsed, 0.01, "Memory used should match")
-				assert.InDelta(t, expected.memoryTotal, gpu.MemoryTotal, 0.01, "Memory total should match")
-				assert.InDelta(t, expected.usage, gpu.Usage, 0.01, "Usage should match")
-				assert.InDelta(t, expected.power, gpu.Power, 0.01, "Power should match")
+				assert.EqualValues(t, expected.temperature, gpu.Temperature, "Temperature should match")
+				assert.EqualValues(t, expected.memoryUsed, gpu.MemoryUsed, "Memory used should match")
+				assert.EqualValues(t, expected.memoryTotal, gpu.MemoryTotal, "Memory total should match")
+				assert.EqualValues(t, expected.usage, gpu.Usage, "Usage should match")
+				assert.EqualValues(t, expected.power, gpu.Power, "Power should match")
 				assert.Equal(t, expected.count, gpu.Count, "Count should match")
 			}
 
 			// Verify average calculation in GetCurrentData
-			result := gm.GetCurrentData()
+			cacheKey := uint16(5000)
+			result := gm.GetCurrentData(cacheKey)
 			for id, expected := range tt.expectedValues {
 				gpu, exists := result[id]
 				assert.True(t, exists, "GPU with ID %s should exist in GetCurrentData result", id)
@@ -773,22 +1307,320 @@ func TestAccumulation(t *testing.T) {
 					continue
 				}
 
-				assert.InDelta(t, expected.temperature, gpu.Temperature, 0.01, "Temperature in GetCurrentData should match")
-				assert.InDelta(t, expected.avgUsage, gpu.Usage, 0.01, "Average usage in GetCurrentData should match")
-				assert.InDelta(t, expected.avgPower, gpu.Power, 0.01, "Average power in GetCurrentData should match")
+				assert.EqualValues(t, expected.temperature, gpu.Temperature, "Temperature in GetCurrentData should match")
+				assert.EqualValues(t, expected.avgUsage, gpu.Usage, "Average usage in GetCurrentData should match")
+				assert.EqualValues(t, expected.avgPower, gpu.Power, "Average power in GetCurrentData should match")
 			}
 
-			// Verify that accumulators in the original map are reset
-			for id := range tt.expectedValues {
+			// Verify that accumulators in the original map are NOT reset (they keep growing)
+			for id, expected := range tt.expectedValues {
 				gpu, exists := gm.GpuDataMap[id]
 				assert.True(t, exists, "GPU with ID %s should still exist after GetCurrentData", id)
 				if !exists {
 					continue
 				}
-				assert.Equal(t, float64(0), gpu.Count, "Count should be reset for GPU ID %s", id)
-				assert.Equal(t, float64(0), gpu.Usage, "Usage should be reset for GPU ID %s", id)
-				assert.Equal(t, float64(0), gpu.Power, "Power should be reset for GPU ID %s", id)
+				assert.EqualValues(t, expected.count, gpu.Count, "Count should remain at accumulated value for GPU ID %s", id)
+				assert.EqualValues(t, expected.usage, gpu.Usage, "Usage should remain at accumulated value for GPU ID %s", id)
+				assert.EqualValues(t, expected.power, gpu.Power, "Power should remain at accumulated value for GPU ID %s", id)
 			}
 		})
 	}
 }
+
+func TestIntelUpdateFromStats(t *testing.T) {
+	gm := &GPUManager{
+		GpuDataMap: make(map[string]*system.GPUData),
+	}
+
+	// First sample with power and two engines
+	sample1 := intelGpuStats{
+		PowerGPU: 10.5,
+		Engines: map[string]float64{
+			"Render/3D": 20.0,
+			"Video":     5.0,
+		},
+	}
+
+	ok := gm.updateIntelFromStats(&sample1)
+	assert.True(t, ok)
+
+	gpu := gm.GpuDataMap["0"]
+	require.NotNil(t, gpu)
+	assert.Equal(t, "GPU", gpu.Name)
+	assert.EqualValues(t, 10.5, gpu.Power)
+	assert.EqualValues(t, 20.0, gpu.Engines["Render/3D"])
+	assert.EqualValues(t, 5.0, gpu.Engines["Video"])
+	assert.Equal(t, float64(1), gpu.Count)
+
+	// Second sample with zero power (should not add) and additional engine busy
+	sample2 := intelGpuStats{
+		PowerGPU: 0.0,
+		Engines: map[string]float64{
+			"Render/3D": 10.0,
+			"Video":     2.5,
+			"Blitter":   1.0,
+		},
+	}
+	// zero power should not increment power accumulator
+
+	ok = gm.updateIntelFromStats(&sample2)
+	assert.True(t, ok)
+
+	gpu = gm.GpuDataMap["0"]
+	require.NotNil(t, gpu)
+	assert.EqualValues(t, 10.5, gpu.Power)
+	assert.EqualValues(t, 30.0, gpu.Engines["Render/3D"]) // 20 + 10
+	assert.EqualValues(t, 7.5, gpu.Engines["Video"])      // 5 + 2.5
+	assert.EqualValues(t, 1.0, gpu.Engines["Blitter"])
+	assert.Equal(t, float64(2), gpu.Count)
+}
+
+func TestIntelCollectorStreaming(t *testing.T) {
+	// Save and override PATH
+	origPath := os.Getenv("PATH")
+	defer os.Setenv("PATH", origPath)
+
+	dir := t.TempDir()
+	os.Setenv("PATH", dir)
+
+	// Create a fake intel_gpu_top that prints -l format with four samples (first will be skipped) and exits
+	scriptPath := filepath.Join(dir, "intel_gpu_top")
+	script := `#!/bin/sh
+echo "Freq MHz      IRQ RC6     Power W     IMC MiB/s             RCS             BCS             VCS"
+echo " req  act       /s   %   gpu   pkg     rd     wr       %  se  wa       %  se  wa       %  se  wa"
+echo "373  373      224  45  1.50  4.13   2554    714   12.34   0   0    0.00   0   0    5.00   0   0"
+echo "226  223      338  58  2.00  2.69   1820    965   0.00    0   0    0.00   0   0    0.00   0   0"
+echo "189  187      412  67  1.80  2.45   1950    823   8.50    2   1    15.00   1   0    22.00  0   1"
+echo "298  295      278  51  2.20  3.12   1675    942   5.75    1   2    9.50    3   1    12.00  1   0"`
+	if err := os.WriteFile(scriptPath, []byte(script), 0755); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	gm := &GPUManager{
+		GpuDataMap: make(map[string]*system.GPUData),
+	}
+
+	// Run the collector once; it should read four samples but skip the first and return
+	if err := gm.collectIntelStats(); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("collectIntelStats error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	gpu := gm.GpuDataMap["0"]
+	require.NotNil(t, gpu)
+	// Power should be sum of samples 2-4 (first is skipped): 2.0 + 1.8 + 2.2 = 6.0
+	assert.EqualValues(t, 6.0, gpu.Power)
+	assert.InDelta(t, 8.26, gpu.PowerPkg, 0.01) // Allow small floating point differences
+	// Engines aggregated from samples 2-4
+	assert.EqualValues(t, 14.25, gpu.Engines["Render/3D"]) // 0.00 + 8.50 + 5.75
+	assert.EqualValues(t, 34.0, gpu.Engines["Video"])      // 0.00 + 22.00 + 12.00
+	assert.EqualValues(t, 24.5, gpu.Engines["Blitter"])    // 0.00 + 15.00 + 9.50
+	// Count should be 3 samples (first is skipped)
+	assert.Equal(t, float64(3), gpu.Count)
+}
+
+func TestParseIntelHeaders(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name              string
+		header1           string
+		header2           string
+		wantEngineNames   []string
+		wantFriendlyNames []string
+		wantPowerIndex    int
+		wantPreEngineCols int
+	}{
+		{
+			name:              "basic headers with RCS BCS VCS",
+			header1:           "Freq MHz      IRQ RC6     Power W     IMC MiB/s             RCS             BCS             VCS",
+			header2:           " req  act       /s   %   gpu   pkg     rd     wr       %  se  wa       %  se  wa       %  se  wa",
+			wantEngineNames:   []string{"RCS", "BCS", "VCS"},
+			wantFriendlyNames: []string{"Render/3D", "Blitter", "Video"},
+			wantPowerIndex:    4, // "gpu" is at index 4
+			wantPreEngineCols: 8, // 17 total cols - 3*3 = 8
+		},
+		{
+			name:              "headers with only RCS",
+			header1:           "Freq MHz      IRQ RC6     Power W     IMC MiB/s             RCS",
+			header2:           " req  act       /s   %   gpu   pkg     rd     wr       %  se  wa",
+			wantEngineNames:   []string{"RCS"},
+			wantFriendlyNames: []string{"Render/3D"},
+			wantPowerIndex:    4,
+			wantPreEngineCols: 8, // 11 total - 3*1 = 8
+		},
+		{
+			name:              "headers with VECS and CCS",
+			header1:           "Freq MHz      IRQ RC6     Power W     IMC MiB/s             VECS            CCS",
+			header2:           " req  act       /s   %   gpu   pkg     rd     wr       %  se  wa     %  se  wa",
+			wantEngineNames:   []string{"VECS", "CCS"},
+			wantFriendlyNames: []string{"VideoEnhance", "Compute"},
+			wantPowerIndex:    4,
+			wantPreEngineCols: 8, // 14 total - 3*2 = 8
+		},
+		{
+			name:              "no engines",
+			header1:           "Freq MHz      IRQ RC6     Power W     IMC MiB/s",
+			header2:           " req  act       /s   %   gpu   pkg     rd     wr",
+			wantEngineNames:   nil, // no engines found, slices remain nil
+			wantFriendlyNames: nil,
+			wantPowerIndex:    -1, // no engines, so no search
+			wantPreEngineCols: 0,
+		},
+		{
+			name:              "power index not found",
+			header1:           "Freq MHz      IRQ RC6     Power W     IMC MiB/s             RCS",
+			header2:           " req  act       /s   %   pkg   cpu     rd     wr       %  se  wa", // no "gpu"
+			wantEngineNames:   []string{"RCS"},
+			wantFriendlyNames: []string{"Render/3D"},
+			wantPowerIndex:    -1, // "gpu" not found
+			wantPreEngineCols: 8,  // 11 total - 3*1 = 8
+		},
+		{
+			name:              "empty headers",
+			header1:           "",
+			header2:           "",
+			wantEngineNames:   nil, // empty input, slices remain nil
+			wantFriendlyNames: nil,
+			wantPowerIndex:    -1,
+			wantPreEngineCols: 0,
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			gm := &GPUManager{}
+			engineNames, friendlyNames, powerIndex, preEngineCols := gm.parseIntelHeaders(tt.header1, tt.header2)
+
+			assert.Equal(t, tt.wantEngineNames, engineNames)
+			assert.Equal(t, tt.wantFriendlyNames, friendlyNames)
+			assert.Equal(t, tt.wantPowerIndex, powerIndex)
+			assert.Equal(t, tt.wantPreEngineCols, preEngineCols)
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestParseIntelData(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name          string
+		line          string
+		engineNames   []string
+		friendlyNames []string
+		powerIndex    int
+		preEngineCols int
+		wantPowerGPU  float64
+		wantEngines   map[string]float64
+		wantErr       error
+	}{
+		{
+			name:          "basic data with power and engines",
+			line:          "373  373      224  45  1.50  4.13   2554    714   12.34   0   0    0.00   0   0    5.00   0   0",
+			engineNames:   []string{"RCS", "BCS", "VCS"},
+			friendlyNames: []string{"Render/3D", "Blitter", "Video"},
+			powerIndex:    4,
+			preEngineCols: 8,
+			wantPowerGPU:  1.50,
+			wantEngines: map[string]float64{
+				"Render/3D": 12.34,
+				"Blitter":   0.00,
+				"Video":     5.00,
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name:          "data with zero power",
+			line:          "226  223      338  58  0.00  2.69   1820    965   0.00    0   0    0.00   0   0    0.00   0   0",
+			engineNames:   []string{"RCS", "BCS", "VCS"},
+			friendlyNames: []string{"Render/3D", "Blitter", "Video"},
+			powerIndex:    4,
+			preEngineCols: 8,
+			wantPowerGPU:  0.00,
+			wantEngines: map[string]float64{
+				"Render/3D": 0.00,
+				"Blitter":   0.00,
+				"Video":     0.00,
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name:          "data with no power index",
+			line:          "373  373      224  45  1.50  4.13   2554    714   12.34   0   0    0.00   0   0    5.00   0   0",
+			engineNames:   []string{"RCS", "BCS", "VCS"},
+			friendlyNames: []string{"Render/3D", "Blitter", "Video"},
+			powerIndex:    -1,
+			preEngineCols: 8,
+			wantPowerGPU:  0.0, // no power parsed
+			wantEngines: map[string]float64{
+				"Render/3D": 12.34,
+				"Blitter":   0.00,
+				"Video":     5.00,
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name:          "data with insufficient columns",
+			line:          "373  373      224  45  1.50", // too few columns
+			engineNames:   []string{"RCS", "BCS", "VCS"},
+			friendlyNames: []string{"Render/3D", "Blitter", "Video"},
+			powerIndex:    4,
+			preEngineCols: 8,
+			wantPowerGPU:  0.0,
+			wantEngines:   nil, // empty sample returned
+			wantErr:       errNoValidData,
+		},
+		{
+			name:          "empty line",
+			line:          "",
+			engineNames:   []string{"RCS"},
+			friendlyNames: []string{"Render/3D"},
+			powerIndex:    4,
+			preEngineCols: 8,
+			wantPowerGPU:  0.0,
+			wantEngines:   nil,
+			wantErr:       errNoValidData,
+		},
+		{
+			name:          "data with invalid power value",
+			line:          "373  373      224  45  N/A  4.13   2554    714   12.34   0   0    0.00   0   0    5.00   0   0",
+			engineNames:   []string{"RCS", "BCS", "VCS"},
+			friendlyNames: []string{"Render/3D", "Blitter", "Video"},
+			powerIndex:    4,
+			preEngineCols: 8,
+			wantPowerGPU:  0.0, // N/A can't be parsed
+			wantEngines: map[string]float64{
+				"Render/3D": 12.34,
+				"Blitter":   0.00,
+				"Video":     5.00,
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name:          "data with invalid engine value",
+			line:          "373  373      224  45  1.50  4.13   2554    714   N/A     0   0    0.00   0   0    5.00   0   0",
+			engineNames:   []string{"RCS", "BCS", "VCS"},
+			friendlyNames: []string{"Render/3D", "Blitter", "Video"},
+			powerIndex:    4,
+			preEngineCols: 8,
+			wantPowerGPU:  1.50,
+			wantEngines: map[string]float64{
+				"Render/3D": 0.0, // N/A becomes 0
+				"Blitter":   0.00,
+				"Video":     5.00,
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name:          "data with no engines",
+			line:          "373  373      224  45  1.50  4.13   2554    714",
+			engineNames:   []string{},
+			friendlyNames: []string{},
+			powerIndex:    4,
+			preEngineCols: 8,
+			wantPowerGPU:  1.50,
+			wantEngines:   nil,
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			gm := &GPUManager{}
+			sample, err := gm.parseIntelData(tt.line, tt.engineNames, tt.friendlyNames, tt.powerIndex, tt.preEngineCols)
+			assert.Equal(t, tt.wantErr, err)
+
+			assert.Equal(t, tt.wantPowerGPU, sample.PowerGPU)
+			assert.Equal(t, tt.wantEngines, sample.Engines)
+		})
+	}
+}

agent/handlers.go

@@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
+package agent
+
+import (
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+
+	"github.com/fxamacker/cbor/v2"
+	"github.com/henrygd/beszel/internal/common"
+)
+
+// HandlerContext provides context for request handlers
+type HandlerContext struct {
+	Client      *WebSocketClient
+	Agent       *Agent
+	Request     *common.HubRequest[cbor.RawMessage]
+	RequestID   *uint32
+	HubVerified bool
+	// SendResponse abstracts how a handler sends responses (WS or SSH)
+	SendResponse func(data any, requestID *uint32) error
+}
+
+// RequestHandler defines the interface for handling specific websocket request types
+type RequestHandler interface {
+	// Handle processes the request and returns an error if unsuccessful
+	Handle(hctx *HandlerContext) error
+}
+
+// Responder sends handler responses back to the hub (over WS or SSH)
+type Responder interface {
+	SendResponse(data any, requestID *uint32) error
+}
+
+// HandlerRegistry manages the mapping between actions and their handlers
+type HandlerRegistry struct {
+	handlers map[common.WebSocketAction]RequestHandler
+}
+
+// NewHandlerRegistry creates a new handler registry with default handlers
+func NewHandlerRegistry() *HandlerRegistry {
+	registry := &HandlerRegistry{
+		handlers: make(map[common.WebSocketAction]RequestHandler),
+	}
+
+	registry.Register(common.GetData, &GetDataHandler{})
+	registry.Register(common.CheckFingerprint, &CheckFingerprintHandler{})
+
+	return registry
+}
+
+// Register registers a handler for a specific action type
+func (hr *HandlerRegistry) Register(action common.WebSocketAction, handler RequestHandler) {
+	hr.handlers[action] = handler
+}
+
+// Handle routes the request to the appropriate handler
+func (hr *HandlerRegistry) Handle(hctx *HandlerContext) error {
+	handler, exists := hr.handlers[hctx.Request.Action]
+	if !exists {
+		return fmt.Errorf("unknown action: %d", hctx.Request.Action)
+	}
+
+	// Check verification requirement - default to requiring verification
+	if hctx.Request.Action != common.CheckFingerprint && !hctx.HubVerified {
+		return errors.New("hub not verified")
+	}
+
+	// Log handler execution for debugging
+	// slog.Debug("Executing handler", "action", hctx.Request.Action)
+
+	return handler.Handle(hctx)
+}
+
+// GetHandler returns the handler for a specific action
+func (hr *HandlerRegistry) GetHandler(action common.WebSocketAction) (RequestHandler, bool) {
+	handler, exists := hr.handlers[action]
+	return handler, exists
+}
+
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+// GetDataHandler handles system data requests
+type GetDataHandler struct{}
+
+func (h *GetDataHandler) Handle(hctx *HandlerContext) error {
+	var options common.DataRequestOptions
+	_ = cbor.Unmarshal(hctx.Request.Data, &options)
+
+	sysStats := hctx.Agent.gatherStats(options.CacheTimeMs)
+	return hctx.SendResponse(sysStats, hctx.RequestID)
+}
+
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+// CheckFingerprintHandler handles authentication challenges
+type CheckFingerprintHandler struct{}
+
+func (h *CheckFingerprintHandler) Handle(hctx *HandlerContext) error {
+	return hctx.Client.handleAuthChallenge(hctx.Request, hctx.RequestID)
+}

agent/handlers_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,112 @@
+//go:build testing
+// +build testing
+
+package agent
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/fxamacker/cbor/v2"
+	"github.com/henrygd/beszel/internal/common"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+)
+
+// MockHandler for testing
+type MockHandler struct {
+	requiresVerification bool
+	description          string
+	handleFunc           func(ctx *HandlerContext) error
+}
+
+func (m *MockHandler) Handle(ctx *HandlerContext) error {
+	if m.handleFunc != nil {
+		return m.handleFunc(ctx)
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (m *MockHandler) RequiresVerification() bool {
+	return m.requiresVerification
+}
+
+// TestHandlerRegistry tests the handler registry functionality
+func TestHandlerRegistry(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("default registration", func(t *testing.T) {
+		registry := NewHandlerRegistry()
+
+		// Check default handlers are registered
+		getDataHandler, exists := registry.GetHandler(common.GetData)
+		assert.True(t, exists)
+		assert.IsType(t, &GetDataHandler{}, getDataHandler)
+
+		fingerprintHandler, exists := registry.GetHandler(common.CheckFingerprint)
+		assert.True(t, exists)
+		assert.IsType(t, &CheckFingerprintHandler{}, fingerprintHandler)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("custom handler registration", func(t *testing.T) {
+		registry := NewHandlerRegistry()
+		mockHandler := &MockHandler{
+			requiresVerification: true,
+			description:          "Test handler",
+		}
+
+		// Register a custom handler for a mock action
+		const mockAction common.WebSocketAction = 99
+		registry.Register(mockAction, mockHandler)
+
+		// Verify registration
+		handler, exists := registry.GetHandler(mockAction)
+		assert.True(t, exists)
+		assert.Equal(t, mockHandler, handler)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("unknown action", func(t *testing.T) {
+		registry := NewHandlerRegistry()
+		ctx := &HandlerContext{
+			Request: &common.HubRequest[cbor.RawMessage]{
+				Action: common.WebSocketAction(255), // Unknown action
+			},
+			HubVerified: true,
+		}
+
+		err := registry.Handle(ctx)
+		assert.Error(t, err)
+		assert.Contains(t, err.Error(), "unknown action: 255")
+	})
+
+	t.Run("verification required", func(t *testing.T) {
+		registry := NewHandlerRegistry()
+		ctx := &HandlerContext{
+			Request: &common.HubRequest[cbor.RawMessage]{
+				Action: common.GetData, // Requires verification
+			},
+			HubVerified: false, // Not verified
+		}
+
+		err := registry.Handle(ctx)
+		assert.Error(t, err)
+		assert.Contains(t, err.Error(), "hub not verified")
+	})
+}
+
+// TestCheckFingerprintHandler tests the CheckFingerprint handler
+func TestCheckFingerprintHandler(t *testing.T) {
+	handler := &CheckFingerprintHandler{}
+
+	t.Run("handle with invalid data", func(t *testing.T) {
+		client := &WebSocketClient{}
+		ctx := &HandlerContext{
+			Client:      client,
+			HubVerified: false,
+			Request: &common.HubRequest[cbor.RawMessage]{
+				Action: common.CheckFingerprint,
+				Data:   cbor.RawMessage{}, // Empty/invalid data
+			},
+		}
+
+		// Should fail to decode the fingerprint request
+		err := handler.Handle(ctx)
+		assert.Error(t, err)
+	})
+}

agent/network.go

@@ -1,54 +1,225 @@
 package agent
 
 import (
+	"fmt"
 	"log/slog"
+	"path"
 	"strings"
 	"time"
 
+	"github.com/henrygd/beszel/agent/deltatracker"
+	"github.com/henrygd/beszel/internal/entities/system"
 	psutilNet "github.com/shirou/gopsutil/v4/net"
 )
 
+// NicConfig controls inclusion/exclusion of network interfaces via the NICS env var
+//
+// Behavior mirrors SensorConfig's matching logic:
+// - Leading '-' means blacklist mode; otherwise whitelist mode
+// - Supports '*' wildcards using path.Match
+// - In whitelist mode with an empty list, no NICs are selected
+// - In blacklist mode with an empty list, all NICs are selected
+type NicConfig struct {
+	nics         map[string]struct{}
+	isBlacklist  bool
+	hasWildcards bool
+}
+
+func newNicConfig(nicsEnvVal string) *NicConfig {
+	cfg := &NicConfig{
+		nics: make(map[string]struct{}),
+	}
+	if strings.HasPrefix(nicsEnvVal, "-") {
+		cfg.isBlacklist = true
+		nicsEnvVal = nicsEnvVal[1:]
+	}
+	for nic := range strings.SplitSeq(nicsEnvVal, ",") {
+		nic = strings.TrimSpace(nic)
+		if nic != "" {
+			cfg.nics[nic] = struct{}{}
+			if strings.Contains(nic, "*") {
+				cfg.hasWildcards = true
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	return cfg
+}
+
+// isValidNic determines if a NIC should be included based on NicConfig rules
+func isValidNic(nicName string, cfg *NicConfig) bool {
+	// Empty list behavior differs by mode: blacklist: allow all; whitelist: allow none
+	if len(cfg.nics) == 0 {
+		return cfg.isBlacklist
+	}
+
+	// Exact match: return true if whitelist, false if blacklist
+	if _, exactMatch := cfg.nics[nicName]; exactMatch {
+		return !cfg.isBlacklist
+	}
+
+	// If no wildcards, return true if blacklist, false if whitelist
+	if !cfg.hasWildcards {
+		return cfg.isBlacklist
+	}
+
+	// Check for wildcard patterns
+	for pattern := range cfg.nics {
+		if !strings.Contains(pattern, "*") {
+			continue
+		}
+		if match, _ := path.Match(pattern, nicName); match {
+			return !cfg.isBlacklist
+		}
+	}
+
+	return cfg.isBlacklist
+}
+
+func (a *Agent) updateNetworkStats(cacheTimeMs uint16, systemStats *system.Stats) {
+	// network stats
+	a.ensureNetInterfacesInitialized()
+
+	a.ensureNetworkInterfacesMap(systemStats)
+
+	if netIO, err := psutilNet.IOCounters(true); err == nil {
+		nis, msElapsed := a.loadAndTickNetBaseline(cacheTimeMs)
+		totalBytesSent, totalBytesRecv := a.sumAndTrackPerNicDeltas(cacheTimeMs, msElapsed, netIO, systemStats)
+		bytesSentPerSecond, bytesRecvPerSecond := a.computeBytesPerSecond(msElapsed, totalBytesSent, totalBytesRecv, nis)
+		a.applyNetworkTotals(cacheTimeMs, netIO, systemStats, nis, totalBytesSent, totalBytesRecv, bytesSentPerSecond, bytesRecvPerSecond)
+	}
+}
+
 func (a *Agent) initializeNetIoStats() {
 	// reset valid network interfaces
 	a.netInterfaces = make(map[string]struct{}, 0)
 
-	// map of network interface names passed in via NICS env var
-	var nicsMap map[string]struct{}
-	nics, nicsEnvExists := GetEnv("NICS")
+	// parse NICS env var for whitelist / blacklist
+	nicsEnvVal, nicsEnvExists := GetEnv("NICS")
+	var nicCfg *NicConfig
 	if nicsEnvExists {
-		nicsMap = make(map[string]struct{}, 0)
-		for nic := range strings.SplitSeq(nics, ",") {
-			nicsMap[nic] = struct{}{}
-		}
+		nicCfg = newNicConfig(nicsEnvVal)
 	}
 
-	// reset network I/O stats
-	a.netIoStats.BytesSent = 0
-	a.netIoStats.BytesRecv = 0
-
-	// get intial network I/O stats
+	// get current network I/O stats and record valid interfaces
 	if netIO, err := psutilNet.IOCounters(true); err == nil {
-		a.netIoStats.Time = time.Now()
 		for _, v := range netIO {
-			switch {
-			// skip if nics exists and the interface is not in the list
-			case nicsEnvExists:
-				if _, nameInNics := nicsMap[v.Name]; !nameInNics {
-					continue
-				}
-			// otherwise run the interface name through the skipNetworkInterface function
-			default:
-				if a.skipNetworkInterface(v) {
-					continue
-				}
+			if nicsEnvExists && !isValidNic(v.Name, nicCfg) {
+				continue
+			}
+			if a.skipNetworkInterface(v) {
+				continue
 			}
 			slog.Info("Detected network interface", "name", v.Name, "sent", v.BytesSent, "recv", v.BytesRecv)
-			a.netIoStats.BytesSent += v.BytesSent
-			a.netIoStats.BytesRecv += v.BytesRecv
 			// store as a valid network interface
 			a.netInterfaces[v.Name] = struct{}{}
 		}
 	}
+
+	// Reset per-cache-time trackers and baselines so they will reinitialize on next use
+	a.netInterfaceDeltaTrackers = make(map[uint16]*deltatracker.DeltaTracker[string, uint64])
+	a.netIoStats = make(map[uint16]system.NetIoStats)
+}
+
+// ensureNetInterfacesInitialized re-initializes NICs if none are currently tracked
+func (a *Agent) ensureNetInterfacesInitialized() {
+	if len(a.netInterfaces) == 0 {
+		// if no network interfaces, initialize again
+		// this is a fix if agent started before network is online (#466)
+		// maybe refactor this in the future to not cache interface names at all so we
+		// don't miss an interface that's been added after agent started in any circumstance
+		a.initializeNetIoStats()
+	}
+}
+
+// ensureNetworkInterfacesMap ensures systemStats.NetworkInterfaces map exists
+func (a *Agent) ensureNetworkInterfacesMap(systemStats *system.Stats) {
+	if systemStats.NetworkInterfaces == nil {
+		systemStats.NetworkInterfaces = make(map[string][4]uint64, 0)
+	}
+}
+
+// loadAndTickNetBaseline returns the NetIoStats baseline and milliseconds elapsed, updating time
+func (a *Agent) loadAndTickNetBaseline(cacheTimeMs uint16) (netIoStat system.NetIoStats, msElapsed uint64) {
+	netIoStat = a.netIoStats[cacheTimeMs]
+	if netIoStat.Time.IsZero() {
+		netIoStat.Time = time.Now()
+		msElapsed = 0
+	} else {
+		msElapsed = uint64(time.Since(netIoStat.Time).Milliseconds())
+		netIoStat.Time = time.Now()
+	}
+	return netIoStat, msElapsed
+}
+
+// sumAndTrackPerNicDeltas accumulates totals and records per-NIC up/down deltas into systemStats
+func (a *Agent) sumAndTrackPerNicDeltas(cacheTimeMs uint16, msElapsed uint64, netIO []psutilNet.IOCountersStat, systemStats *system.Stats) (totalBytesSent, totalBytesRecv uint64) {
+	tracker := a.netInterfaceDeltaTrackers[cacheTimeMs]
+	if tracker == nil {
+		tracker = deltatracker.NewDeltaTracker[string, uint64]()
+		a.netInterfaceDeltaTrackers[cacheTimeMs] = tracker
+	}
+	tracker.Cycle()
+
+	for _, v := range netIO {
+		if _, exists := a.netInterfaces[v.Name]; !exists {
+			continue
+		}
+		totalBytesSent += v.BytesSent
+		totalBytesRecv += v.BytesRecv
+
+		var upDelta, downDelta uint64
+		upKey, downKey := fmt.Sprintf("%sup", v.Name), fmt.Sprintf("%sdown", v.Name)
+		tracker.Set(upKey, v.BytesSent)
+		tracker.Set(downKey, v.BytesRecv)
+		if msElapsed > 0 {
+			upDelta = tracker.Delta(upKey) * 1000 / msElapsed
+			downDelta = tracker.Delta(downKey) * 1000 / msElapsed
+		}
+		systemStats.NetworkInterfaces[v.Name] = [4]uint64{upDelta, downDelta, v.BytesSent, v.BytesRecv}
+	}
+
+	return totalBytesSent, totalBytesRecv
+}
+
+// computeBytesPerSecond calculates per-second totals from elapsed time and totals
+func (a *Agent) computeBytesPerSecond(msElapsed, totalBytesSent, totalBytesRecv uint64, nis system.NetIoStats) (bytesSentPerSecond, bytesRecvPerSecond uint64) {
+	if msElapsed > 0 {
+		bytesSentPerSecond = (totalBytesSent - nis.BytesSent) * 1000 / msElapsed
+		bytesRecvPerSecond = (totalBytesRecv - nis.BytesRecv) * 1000 / msElapsed
+	}
+	return bytesSentPerSecond, bytesRecvPerSecond
+}
+
+// applyNetworkTotals validates and writes computed network stats, or resets on anomaly
+func (a *Agent) applyNetworkTotals(
+	cacheTimeMs uint16,
+	netIO []psutilNet.IOCountersStat,
+	systemStats *system.Stats,
+	nis system.NetIoStats,
+	totalBytesSent, totalBytesRecv uint64,
+	bytesSentPerSecond, bytesRecvPerSecond uint64,
+) {
+	networkSentPs := bytesToMegabytes(float64(bytesSentPerSecond))
+	networkRecvPs := bytesToMegabytes(float64(bytesRecvPerSecond))
+	if networkSentPs > 10_000 || networkRecvPs > 10_000 {
+		slog.Warn("Invalid net stats. Resetting.", "sent", networkSentPs, "recv", networkRecvPs)
+		for _, v := range netIO {
+			if _, exists := a.netInterfaces[v.Name]; !exists {
+				continue
+			}
+			slog.Info(v.Name, "recv", v.BytesRecv, "sent", v.BytesSent)
+		}
+		a.initializeNetIoStats()
+		delete(a.netIoStats, cacheTimeMs)
+		delete(a.netInterfaceDeltaTrackers, cacheTimeMs)
+	}
+
+	systemStats.NetworkSent = networkSentPs
+	systemStats.NetworkRecv = networkRecvPs
+	systemStats.Bandwidth[0], systemStats.Bandwidth[1] = bytesSentPerSecond, bytesRecvPerSecond
+	nis.BytesSent = totalBytesSent
+	nis.BytesRecv = totalBytesRecv
+	a.netIoStats[cacheTimeMs] = nis
 }
 
 func (a *Agent) skipNetworkInterface(v psutilNet.IOCountersStat) bool {
@@ -58,6 +229,7 @@ func (a *Agent) skipNetworkInterface(v psutilNet.IOCountersStat) bool {
 		strings.HasPrefix(v.Name, "br-"),
 		strings.HasPrefix(v.Name, "veth"),
 		strings.HasPrefix(v.Name, "bond"),
+		strings.HasPrefix(v.Name, "cali"),
 		v.BytesRecv == 0,
 		v.BytesSent == 0:
 		return true

agent/network_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,462 @@
+//go:build testing
+
+package agent
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/henrygd/beszel/agent/deltatracker"
+	"github.com/henrygd/beszel/internal/entities/system"
+	psutilNet "github.com/shirou/gopsutil/v4/net"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
+)
+
+func TestIsValidNic(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name          string
+		nicName       string
+		config        *NicConfig
+		expectedValid bool
+	}{
+		{
+			name:    "Whitelist - NIC in list",
+			nicName: "eth0",
+			config: &NicConfig{
+				nics:        map[string]struct{}{"eth0": {}},
+				isBlacklist: false,
+			},
+			expectedValid: true,
+		},
+		{
+			name:    "Whitelist - NIC not in list",
+			nicName: "wlan0",
+			config: &NicConfig{
+				nics:        map[string]struct{}{"eth0": {}},
+				isBlacklist: false,
+			},
+			expectedValid: false,
+		},
+		{
+			name:    "Blacklist - NIC in list",
+			nicName: "eth0",
+			config: &NicConfig{
+				nics:        map[string]struct{}{"eth0": {}},
+				isBlacklist: true,
+			},
+			expectedValid: false,
+		},
+		{
+			name:    "Blacklist - NIC not in list",
+			nicName: "wlan0",
+			config: &NicConfig{
+				nics:        map[string]struct{}{"eth0": {}},
+				isBlacklist: true,
+			},
+			expectedValid: true,
+		},
+		{
+			name:    "Whitelist with wildcard - matching pattern",
+			nicName: "eth1",
+			config: &NicConfig{
+				nics:         map[string]struct{}{"eth*": {}},
+				isBlacklist:  false,
+				hasWildcards: true,
+			},
+			expectedValid: true,
+		},
+		{
+			name:    "Whitelist with wildcard - non-matching pattern",
+			nicName: "wlan0",
+			config: &NicConfig{
+				nics:         map[string]struct{}{"eth*": {}},
+				isBlacklist:  false,
+				hasWildcards: true,
+			},
+			expectedValid: false,
+		},
+		{
+			name:    "Blacklist with wildcard - matching pattern",
+			nicName: "eth1",
+			config: &NicConfig{
+				nics:         map[string]struct{}{"eth*": {}},
+				isBlacklist:  true,
+				hasWildcards: true,
+			},
+			expectedValid: false,
+		},
+		{
+			name:    "Blacklist with wildcard - non-matching pattern",
+			nicName: "wlan0",
+			config: &NicConfig{
+				nics:         map[string]struct{}{"eth*": {}},
+				isBlacklist:  true,
+				hasWildcards: true,
+			},
+			expectedValid: true,
+		},
+		{
+			name:    "Empty whitelist config - no NICs allowed",
+			nicName: "eth0",
+			config: &NicConfig{
+				nics:        map[string]struct{}{},
+				isBlacklist: false,
+			},
+			expectedValid: false,
+		},
+		{
+			name:    "Empty blacklist config - all NICs allowed",
+			nicName: "eth0",
+			config: &NicConfig{
+				nics:        map[string]struct{}{},
+				isBlacklist: true,
+			},
+			expectedValid: true,
+		},
+		{
+			name:    "Multiple patterns - exact match",
+			nicName: "eth0",
+			config: &NicConfig{
+				nics:        map[string]struct{}{"eth0": {}, "wlan*": {}},
+				isBlacklist: false,
+			},
+			expectedValid: true,
+		},
+		{
+			name:    "Multiple patterns - wildcard match",
+			nicName: "wlan1",
+			config: &NicConfig{
+				nics:         map[string]struct{}{"eth0": {}, "wlan*": {}},
+				isBlacklist:  false,
+				hasWildcards: true,
+			},
+			expectedValid: true,
+		},
+		{
+			name:    "Multiple patterns - no match",
+			nicName: "bond0",
+			config: &NicConfig{
+				nics:         map[string]struct{}{"eth0": {}, "wlan*": {}},
+				isBlacklist:  false,
+				hasWildcards: true,
+			},
+			expectedValid: false,
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			result := isValidNic(tt.nicName, tt.config)
+			assert.Equal(t, tt.expectedValid, result)
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestNewNicConfig(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name        string
+		nicsEnvVal  string
+		expectedCfg *NicConfig
+	}{
+		{
+			name:       "Empty string",
+			nicsEnvVal: "",
+			expectedCfg: &NicConfig{
+				nics:         map[string]struct{}{},
+				isBlacklist:  false,
+				hasWildcards: false,
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name:       "Single NIC whitelist",
+			nicsEnvVal: "eth0",
+			expectedCfg: &NicConfig{
+				nics:         map[string]struct{}{"eth0": {}},
+				isBlacklist:  false,
+				hasWildcards: false,
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name:       "Multiple NICs whitelist",
+			nicsEnvVal: "eth0,wlan0",
+			expectedCfg: &NicConfig{
+				nics:         map[string]struct{}{"eth0": {}, "wlan0": {}},
+				isBlacklist:  false,
+				hasWildcards: false,
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name:       "Blacklist mode",
+			nicsEnvVal: "-eth0,wlan0",
+			expectedCfg: &NicConfig{
+				nics:         map[string]struct{}{"eth0": {}, "wlan0": {}},
+				isBlacklist:  true,
+				hasWildcards: false,
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name:       "With wildcards",
+			nicsEnvVal: "eth*,wlan0",
+			expectedCfg: &NicConfig{
+				nics:         map[string]struct{}{"eth*": {}, "wlan0": {}},
+				isBlacklist:  false,
+				hasWildcards: true,
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name:       "Blacklist with wildcards",
+			nicsEnvVal: "-eth*,wlan0",
+			expectedCfg: &NicConfig{
+				nics:         map[string]struct{}{"eth*": {}, "wlan0": {}},
+				isBlacklist:  true,
+				hasWildcards: true,
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name:       "With whitespace",
+			nicsEnvVal: "eth0, wlan0 , eth1",
+			expectedCfg: &NicConfig{
+				nics:         map[string]struct{}{"eth0": {}, "wlan0": {}, "eth1": {}},
+				isBlacklist:  false,
+				hasWildcards: false,
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name:       "Only wildcards",
+			nicsEnvVal: "eth*,wlan*",
+			expectedCfg: &NicConfig{
+				nics:         map[string]struct{}{"eth*": {}, "wlan*": {}},
+				isBlacklist:  false,
+				hasWildcards: true,
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name:       "Leading dash only",
+			nicsEnvVal: "-",
+			expectedCfg: &NicConfig{
+				nics:         map[string]struct{}{},
+				isBlacklist:  true,
+				hasWildcards: false,
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name:       "Mixed exact and wildcard",
+			nicsEnvVal: "eth0,br-*",
+			expectedCfg: &NicConfig{
+				nics:         map[string]struct{}{"eth0": {}, "br-*": {}},
+				isBlacklist:  false,
+				hasWildcards: true,
+			},
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			cfg := newNicConfig(tt.nicsEnvVal)
+			require.NotNil(t, cfg)
+			assert.Equal(t, tt.expectedCfg.isBlacklist, cfg.isBlacklist)
+			assert.Equal(t, tt.expectedCfg.hasWildcards, cfg.hasWildcards)
+			assert.Equal(t, tt.expectedCfg.nics, cfg.nics)
+		})
+	}
+}
+func TestEnsureNetworkInterfacesMap(t *testing.T) {
+	var a Agent
+	var stats system.Stats
+
+	// Initially nil
+	assert.Nil(t, stats.NetworkInterfaces)
+	// Ensure map is created
+	a.ensureNetworkInterfacesMap(&stats)
+	assert.NotNil(t, stats.NetworkInterfaces)
+	// Idempotent
+	a.ensureNetworkInterfacesMap(&stats)
+	assert.NotNil(t, stats.NetworkInterfaces)
+}
+
+func TestLoadAndTickNetBaseline(t *testing.T) {
+	a := &Agent{netIoStats: make(map[uint16]system.NetIoStats)}
+
+	// First call initializes time and returns 0 elapsed
+	ni, elapsed := a.loadAndTickNetBaseline(100)
+	assert.Equal(t, uint64(0), elapsed)
+	assert.False(t, ni.Time.IsZero())
+
+	// Store back what loadAndTick returns to mimic updateNetworkStats behavior
+	a.netIoStats[100] = ni
+
+	time.Sleep(2 * time.Millisecond)
+
+	// Next call should produce >= 0 elapsed and update time
+	ni2, elapsed2 := a.loadAndTickNetBaseline(100)
+	assert.True(t, elapsed2 > 0)
+	assert.False(t, ni2.Time.IsZero())
+}
+
+func TestComputeBytesPerSecond(t *testing.T) {
+	a := &Agent{}
+
+	// No elapsed -> zero rate
+	bytesUp, bytesDown := a.computeBytesPerSecond(0, 2000, 3000, system.NetIoStats{BytesSent: 1000, BytesRecv: 1000})
+	assert.Equal(t, uint64(0), bytesUp)
+	assert.Equal(t, uint64(0), bytesDown)
+
+	// With elapsed -> per-second calculation
+	bytesUp, bytesDown = a.computeBytesPerSecond(500, 6000, 11000, system.NetIoStats{BytesSent: 1000, BytesRecv: 1000})
+	// (6000-1000)*1000/500 = 10000; (11000-1000)*1000/500 = 20000
+	assert.Equal(t, uint64(10000), bytesUp)
+	assert.Equal(t, uint64(20000), bytesDown)
+}
+
+func TestSumAndTrackPerNicDeltas(t *testing.T) {
+	a := &Agent{
+		netInterfaces:             map[string]struct{}{"eth0": {}, "wlan0": {}},
+		netInterfaceDeltaTrackers: make(map[uint16]*deltatracker.DeltaTracker[string, uint64]),
+	}
+
+	// Two samples for same cache interval to verify delta behavior
+	cache := uint16(42)
+	net1 := []psutilNet.IOCountersStat{{Name: "eth0", BytesSent: 1000, BytesRecv: 2000}}
+	stats1 := &system.Stats{}
+	a.ensureNetworkInterfacesMap(stats1)
+	tx1, rx1 := a.sumAndTrackPerNicDeltas(cache, 0, net1, stats1)
+	assert.Equal(t, uint64(1000), tx1)
+	assert.Equal(t, uint64(2000), rx1)
+
+	// Second cycle with elapsed, larger counters -> deltas computed inside
+	net2 := []psutilNet.IOCountersStat{{Name: "eth0", BytesSent: 4000, BytesRecv: 9000}}
+	stats := &system.Stats{}
+	a.ensureNetworkInterfacesMap(stats)
+	tx2, rx2 := a.sumAndTrackPerNicDeltas(cache, 1000, net2, stats)
+	assert.Equal(t, uint64(4000), tx2)
+	assert.Equal(t, uint64(9000), rx2)
+	// Up/Down deltas per second should be (4000-1000)/1s = 3000 and (9000-2000)/1s = 7000
+	ni, ok := stats.NetworkInterfaces["eth0"]
+	assert.True(t, ok)
+	assert.Equal(t, uint64(3000), ni[0])
+	assert.Equal(t, uint64(7000), ni[1])
+}
+
+func TestApplyNetworkTotals(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name                  string
+		bytesSentPerSecond    uint64
+		bytesRecvPerSecond    uint64
+		totalBytesSent        uint64
+		totalBytesRecv        uint64
+		expectReset           bool
+		expectedNetworkSent   float64
+		expectedNetworkRecv   float64
+		expectedBandwidthSent uint64
+		expectedBandwidthRecv uint64
+	}{
+		{
+			name:                  "Valid network stats - normal values",
+			bytesSentPerSecond:    1000000, // 1 MB/s
+			bytesRecvPerSecond:    2000000, // 2 MB/s
+			totalBytesSent:        10000000,
+			totalBytesRecv:        20000000,
+			expectReset:           false,
+			expectedNetworkSent:   0.95, // ~1 MB/s rounded to 2 decimals
+			expectedNetworkRecv:   1.91, // ~2 MB/s rounded to 2 decimals
+			expectedBandwidthSent: 1000000,
+			expectedBandwidthRecv: 2000000,
+		},
+		{
+			name:               "Invalid network stats - sent exceeds threshold",
+			bytesSentPerSecond: 11000000000, // ~10.5 GB/s > 10 GB/s threshold
+			bytesRecvPerSecond: 1000000,     // 1 MB/s
+			totalBytesSent:     10000000,
+			totalBytesRecv:     20000000,
+			expectReset:        true,
+		},
+		{
+			name:               "Invalid network stats - recv exceeds threshold",
+			bytesSentPerSecond: 1000000,     // 1 MB/s
+			bytesRecvPerSecond: 11000000000, // ~10.5 GB/s > 10 GB/s threshold
+			totalBytesSent:     10000000,
+			totalBytesRecv:     20000000,
+			expectReset:        true,
+		},
+		{
+			name:               "Invalid network stats - both exceed threshold",
+			bytesSentPerSecond: 12000000000, // ~11.4 GB/s
+			bytesRecvPerSecond: 13000000000, // ~12.4 GB/s
+			totalBytesSent:     10000000,
+			totalBytesRecv:     20000000,
+			expectReset:        true,
+		},
+		{
+			name:                  "Valid network stats - at threshold boundary",
+			bytesSentPerSecond:    10485750000, // ~9999.99 MB/s (rounds to 9999.99)
+			bytesRecvPerSecond:    10485750000, // ~9999.99 MB/s (rounds to 9999.99)
+			totalBytesSent:        10000000,
+			totalBytesRecv:        20000000,
+			expectReset:           false,
+			expectedNetworkSent:   9999.99,
+			expectedNetworkRecv:   9999.99,
+			expectedBandwidthSent: 10485750000,
+			expectedBandwidthRecv: 10485750000,
+		},
+		{
+			name:                  "Zero values",
+			bytesSentPerSecond:    0,
+			bytesRecvPerSecond:    0,
+			totalBytesSent:        0,
+			totalBytesRecv:        0,
+			expectReset:           false,
+			expectedNetworkSent:   0.0,
+			expectedNetworkRecv:   0.0,
+			expectedBandwidthSent: 0,
+			expectedBandwidthRecv: 0,
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			// Setup agent with initialized maps
+			a := &Agent{
+				netInterfaces:             make(map[string]struct{}),
+				netIoStats:                make(map[uint16]system.NetIoStats),
+				netInterfaceDeltaTrackers: make(map[uint16]*deltatracker.DeltaTracker[string, uint64]),
+			}
+
+			cacheTimeMs := uint16(100)
+			netIO := []psutilNet.IOCountersStat{
+				{Name: "eth0", BytesSent: 1000, BytesRecv: 2000},
+			}
+			systemStats := &system.Stats{}
+			nis := system.NetIoStats{}
+
+			a.applyNetworkTotals(
+				cacheTimeMs,
+				netIO,
+				systemStats,
+				nis,
+				tt.totalBytesSent,
+				tt.totalBytesRecv,
+				tt.bytesSentPerSecond,
+				tt.bytesRecvPerSecond,
+			)
+
+			if tt.expectReset {
+				// Should have reset network tracking state - delta trackers should be cleared
+				// Note: initializeNetIoStats resets the maps, then applyNetworkTotals sets nis back
+				assert.Contains(t, a.netIoStats, cacheTimeMs, "cache entry should exist after reset")
+				assert.NotContains(t, a.netInterfaceDeltaTrackers, cacheTimeMs, "tracker should be cleared on reset")
+			} else {
+				// Should have applied stats
+				assert.Equal(t, tt.expectedNetworkSent, systemStats.NetworkSent)
+				assert.Equal(t, tt.expectedNetworkRecv, systemStats.NetworkRecv)
+				assert.Equal(t, tt.expectedBandwidthSent, systemStats.Bandwidth[0])
+				assert.Equal(t, tt.expectedBandwidthRecv, systemStats.Bandwidth[1])
+
+				// Should have updated NetIoStats
+				updatedNis := a.netIoStats[cacheTimeMs]
+				assert.Equal(t, tt.totalBytesSent, updatedNis.BytesSent)
+				assert.Equal(t, tt.totalBytesRecv, updatedNis.BytesRecv)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}

agent/server.go

@@ -127,15 +127,75 @@ func (a *Agent) handleSession(s ssh.Session) {
 
 	hubVersion := a.getHubVersion(sessionID, sessionCtx)
 
-	stats := a.gatherStats(sessionID)
-
-	err := a.writeToSession(s, stats, hubVersion)
-	if err != nil {
-		slog.Error("Error encoding stats", "err", err, "stats", stats)
-		s.Exit(1)
-	} else {
-		s.Exit(0)
+	// Legacy one-shot behavior for older hubs
+	if hubVersion.LT(beszel.MinVersionAgentResponse) {
+		if err := a.handleLegacyStats(s, hubVersion); err != nil {
+			slog.Error("Error encoding stats", "err", err)
+			s.Exit(1)
+			return
+		}
 	}
+
+	var req common.HubRequest[cbor.RawMessage]
+	if err := cbor.NewDecoder(s).Decode(&req); err != nil {
+		// Fallback to legacy one-shot if the first decode fails
+		if err2 := a.handleLegacyStats(s, hubVersion); err2 != nil {
+			slog.Error("Error encoding stats (fallback)", "err", err2)
+			s.Exit(1)
+			return
+		}
+		s.Exit(0)
+		return
+	}
+	if err := a.handleSSHRequest(s, &req); err != nil {
+		slog.Error("SSH request handling failed", "err", err)
+		s.Exit(1)
+		return
+	}
+	s.Exit(0)
+}
+
+// handleSSHRequest builds a handler context and dispatches to the shared registry
+func (a *Agent) handleSSHRequest(w io.Writer, req *common.HubRequest[cbor.RawMessage]) error {
+	// SSH does not support fingerprint auth action
+	if req.Action == common.CheckFingerprint {
+		return cbor.NewEncoder(w).Encode(common.AgentResponse{Error: "unsupported action"})
+	}
+
+	// responder that writes AgentResponse to stdout
+	sshResponder := func(data any, requestID *uint32) error {
+		response := common.AgentResponse{Id: requestID}
+		switch v := data.(type) {
+		case *system.CombinedData:
+			response.SystemData = v
+		default:
+			response.Error = fmt.Sprintf("unsupported response type: %T", data)
+		}
+		return cbor.NewEncoder(w).Encode(response)
+	}
+
+	ctx := &HandlerContext{
+		Client:       nil,
+		Agent:        a,
+		Request:      req,
+		RequestID:    nil,
+		HubVerified:  true,
+		SendResponse: sshResponder,
+	}
+
+	if handler, ok := a.handlerRegistry.GetHandler(req.Action); ok {
+		if err := handler.Handle(ctx); err != nil {
+			return cbor.NewEncoder(w).Encode(common.AgentResponse{Error: err.Error()})
+		}
+		return nil
+	}
+	return cbor.NewEncoder(w).Encode(common.AgentResponse{Error: fmt.Sprintf("unknown action: %d", req.Action)})
+}
+
+// handleLegacyStats serves the legacy one-shot stats payload for older hubs
+func (a *Agent) handleLegacyStats(w io.Writer, hubVersion semver.Version) error {
+	stats := a.gatherStats(60_000)
+	return a.writeToSession(w, stats, hubVersion)
 }
 
 // writeToSession encodes and writes system statistics to the session.

agent/system.go

@@ -14,13 +14,18 @@ import (
 	"github.com/henrygd/beszel/internal/entities/system"
 
 	"github.com/shirou/gopsutil/v4/cpu"
-	"github.com/shirou/gopsutil/v4/disk"
 	"github.com/shirou/gopsutil/v4/host"
 	"github.com/shirou/gopsutil/v4/load"
 	"github.com/shirou/gopsutil/v4/mem"
-	psutilNet "github.com/shirou/gopsutil/v4/net"
 )
 
+// prevDisk stores previous per-device disk counters for a given cache interval
+type prevDisk struct {
+	readBytes  uint64
+	writeBytes uint64
+	at         time.Time
+}
+
 // Sets initial / non-changing values about the host system
 func (a *Agent) initializeSystemInfo() {
 	a.systemInfo.AgentVersion = beszel.Version
@@ -32,7 +37,7 @@ func (a *Agent) initializeSystemInfo() {
 		a.systemInfo.KernelVersion = version
 		a.systemInfo.Os = system.Darwin
 	} else if strings.Contains(platform, "indows") {
-		a.systemInfo.KernelVersion = strings.Replace(platform, "Microsoft ", "", 1) + " " + version
+		a.systemInfo.KernelVersion = fmt.Sprintf("%s %s", strings.Replace(platform, "Microsoft ", "", 1), version)
 		a.systemInfo.Os = system.Windows
 	} else if platform == "freebsd" {
 		a.systemInfo.Os = system.Freebsd
@@ -69,8 +74,8 @@ func (a *Agent) initializeSystemInfo() {
 }
 
 // Returns current info, stats about the host system
-func (a *Agent) getSystemStats() system.Stats {
-	systemStats := system.Stats{}
+func (a *Agent) getSystemStats(cacheTimeMs uint16) system.Stats {
+	var systemStats system.Stats
 
 	// battery
 	if battery.HasReadableBattery() {
@@ -78,11 +83,11 @@ func (a *Agent) getSystemStats() system.Stats {
 	}
 
 	// cpu percent
-	cpuPct, err := cpu.Percent(0, false)
-	if err != nil {
+	cpuPercent, err := getCpuPercent(cacheTimeMs)
+	if err == nil {
+		systemStats.Cpu = twoDecimals(cpuPercent)
+	} else {
 		slog.Error("Error getting cpu percent", "err", err)
-	} else if len(cpuPct) > 0 {
-		systemStats.Cpu = twoDecimals(cpuPct[0])
 	}
 
 	// load average
@@ -101,14 +106,22 @@ func (a *Agent) getSystemStats() system.Stats {
 		systemStats.Swap = bytesToGigabytes(v.SwapTotal)
 		systemStats.SwapUsed = bytesToGigabytes(v.SwapTotal - v.SwapFree - v.SwapCached)
 		// cache + buffers value for default mem calculation
-		cacheBuff := v.Total - v.Free - v.Used
-		// htop memory calculation overrides
+		// note: gopsutil automatically adds SReclaimable to v.Cached
+		cacheBuff := v.Cached + v.Buffers - v.Shared
+		if cacheBuff <= 0 {
+			cacheBuff = max(v.Total-v.Free-v.Used, 0)
+		}
+		// htop memory calculation overrides (likely outdated as of mid 2025)
 		if a.memCalc == "htop" {
-			// note: gopsutil automatically adds SReclaimable to v.Cached
-			cacheBuff = v.Cached + v.Buffers - v.Shared
+			// cacheBuff = v.Cached + v.Buffers - v.Shared
 			v.Used = v.Total - (v.Free + cacheBuff)
 			v.UsedPercent = float64(v.Used) / float64(v.Total) * 100.0
 		}
+		// if a.memCalc == "legacy" {
+		// 	v.Used = v.Total - v.Free - v.Buffers - v.Cached
+		// 	cacheBuff = v.Total - v.Free - v.Used
+		// 	v.UsedPercent = float64(v.Used) / float64(v.Total) * 100.0
+		// }
 		// subtract ZFS ARC size from used memory and add as its own category
 		if a.zfs {
 			if arcSize, _ := getARCSize(); arcSize > 0 && arcSize < v.Used {
@@ -124,104 +137,13 @@ func (a *Agent) getSystemStats() system.Stats {
 	}
 
 	// disk usage
-	for _, stats := range a.fsStats {
-		if d, err := disk.Usage(stats.Mountpoint); err == nil {
-			stats.DiskTotal = bytesToGigabytes(d.Total)
-			stats.DiskUsed = bytesToGigabytes(d.Used)
-			if stats.Root {
-				systemStats.DiskTotal = bytesToGigabytes(d.Total)
-				systemStats.DiskUsed = bytesToGigabytes(d.Used)
-				systemStats.DiskPct = twoDecimals(d.UsedPercent)
-			}
-		} else {
-			// reset stats if error (likely unmounted)
-			slog.Error("Error getting disk stats", "name", stats.Mountpoint, "err", err)
-			stats.DiskTotal = 0
-			stats.DiskUsed = 0
-			stats.TotalRead = 0
-			stats.TotalWrite = 0
-		}
-	}
+	a.updateDiskUsage(&systemStats)
 
-	// disk i/o
-	if ioCounters, err := disk.IOCounters(a.fsNames...); err == nil {
-		for _, d := range ioCounters {
-			stats := a.fsStats[d.Name]
-			if stats == nil {
-				continue
-			}
-			secondsElapsed := time.Since(stats.Time).Seconds()
-			readPerSecond := bytesToMegabytes(float64(d.ReadBytes-stats.TotalRead) / secondsElapsed)
-			writePerSecond := bytesToMegabytes(float64(d.WriteBytes-stats.TotalWrite) / secondsElapsed)
-			// check for invalid values and reset stats if so
-			if readPerSecond < 0 || writePerSecond < 0 || readPerSecond > 50_000 || writePerSecond > 50_000 {
-				slog.Warn("Invalid disk I/O. Resetting.", "name", d.Name, "read", readPerSecond, "write", writePerSecond)
-				a.initializeDiskIoStats(ioCounters)
-				break
-			}
-			stats.Time = time.Now()
-			stats.DiskReadPs = readPerSecond
-			stats.DiskWritePs = writePerSecond
-			stats.TotalRead = d.ReadBytes
-			stats.TotalWrite = d.WriteBytes
-			// if root filesystem, update system stats
-			if stats.Root {
-				systemStats.DiskReadPs = stats.DiskReadPs
-				systemStats.DiskWritePs = stats.DiskWritePs
-			}
-		}
-	}
+	// disk i/o (cache-aware per interval)
+	a.updateDiskIo(cacheTimeMs, &systemStats)
 
-	// network stats
-	if len(a.netInterfaces) == 0 {
-		// if no network interfaces, initialize again
-		// this is a fix if agent started before network is online (#466)
-		// maybe refactor this in the future to not cache interface names at all so we
-		// don't miss an interface that's been added after agent started in any circumstance
-		a.initializeNetIoStats()
-	}
-	if netIO, err := psutilNet.IOCounters(true); err == nil {
-		msElapsed := uint64(time.Since(a.netIoStats.Time).Milliseconds())
-		a.netIoStats.Time = time.Now()
-		totalBytesSent := uint64(0)
-		totalBytesRecv := uint64(0)
-		// sum all bytes sent and received
-		for _, v := range netIO {
-			// skip if not in valid network interfaces list
-			if _, exists := a.netInterfaces[v.Name]; !exists {
-				continue
-			}
-			totalBytesSent += v.BytesSent
-			totalBytesRecv += v.BytesRecv
-		}
-		// add to systemStats
-		var bytesSentPerSecond, bytesRecvPerSecond uint64
-		if msElapsed > 0 {
-			bytesSentPerSecond = (totalBytesSent - a.netIoStats.BytesSent) * 1000 / msElapsed
-			bytesRecvPerSecond = (totalBytesRecv - a.netIoStats.BytesRecv) * 1000 / msElapsed
-		}
-		networkSentPs := bytesToMegabytes(float64(bytesSentPerSecond))
-		networkRecvPs := bytesToMegabytes(float64(bytesRecvPerSecond))
-		// add check for issue (#150) where sent is a massive number
-		if networkSentPs > 10_000 || networkRecvPs > 10_000 {
-			slog.Warn("Invalid net stats. Resetting.", "sent", networkSentPs, "recv", networkRecvPs)
-			for _, v := range netIO {
-				if _, exists := a.netInterfaces[v.Name]; !exists {
-					continue
-				}
-				slog.Info(v.Name, "recv", v.BytesRecv, "sent", v.BytesSent)
-			}
-			// reset network I/O stats
-			a.initializeNetIoStats()
-		} else {
-			systemStats.NetworkSent = networkSentPs
-			systemStats.NetworkRecv = networkRecvPs
-			systemStats.Bandwidth[0], systemStats.Bandwidth[1] = bytesSentPerSecond, bytesRecvPerSecond
-			// update netIoStats
-			a.netIoStats.BytesSent = totalBytesSent
-			a.netIoStats.BytesRecv = totalBytesRecv
-		}
-	}
+	// network stats (per cache interval)
+	a.updateNetworkStats(cacheTimeMs, &systemStats)
 
 	// temperatures
 	// TODO: maybe refactor to methods on systemStats
@@ -232,7 +154,7 @@ func (a *Agent) getSystemStats() system.Stats {
 		// reset high gpu percent
 		a.systemInfo.GpuPct = 0
 		// get current GPU data
-		if gpuData := a.gpuManager.GetCurrentData(); len(gpuData) > 0 {
+		if gpuData := a.gpuManager.GetCurrentData(cacheTimeMs); len(gpuData) > 0 {
 			systemStats.GPUData = gpuData
 
 			// add temperatures
@@ -261,6 +183,7 @@ func (a *Agent) getSystemStats() system.Stats {
 	}
 
 	// update base system info
+	a.systemInfo.ConnectionType = a.connectionManager.ConnectionType
 	a.systemInfo.Cpu = systemStats.Cpu
 	a.systemInfo.LoadAvg = systemStats.LoadAvg
 	// TODO: remove these in future release in favor of load avg array

agent/test-data/container.json

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+{
+	"cpu_stats": {
+		"cpu_usage": {
+			"total_usage": 312055276000
+		},
+		"system_cpu_usage": 1366399830000000
+	},
+	"memory_stats": {
+		"usage": 507400192,
+		"stats": {
+			"inactive_file": 165130240
+		}
+	},
+	"networks": {
+		"eth0": {
+			"tx_bytes": 20376558,
+			"rx_bytes": 537029455
+		},
+		"eth1": {
+			"tx_bytes": 2003766,
+			"rx_bytes": 6241
+		}
+	}
+}

agent/test-data/container2.json

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+{
+	"cpu_stats": {
+		"cpu_usage": {
+			"total_usage": 314891801000
+		},
+		"system_cpu_usage": 1368474900000000
+	},
+	"memory_stats": {
+		"usage": 507400192,
+		"stats": {
+			"inactive_file": 165130240
+		}
+	},
+	"networks": {
+		"eth0": {
+			"tx_bytes": 20376558,
+			"rx_bytes": 537029455
+		},
+		"eth1": {
+			"tx_bytes": 2003766,
+			"rx_bytes": 6241
+		}
+	}
+}

agent/update.go

@@ -30,21 +30,22 @@ func (s *systemdRestarter) Restart() error {
 type openRCRestarter struct{ cmd string }
 
 func (o *openRCRestarter) Restart() error {
-	if err := exec.Command(o.cmd, "status", "beszel-agent").Run(); err != nil {
+	if err := exec.Command(o.cmd, "beszel-agent", "status").Run(); err != nil {
 		return nil
 	}
 	ghupdate.ColorPrint(ghupdate.ColorYellow, "Restarting beszel-agent via OpenRC…")
-	return exec.Command(o.cmd, "restart", "beszel-agent").Run()
+	return exec.Command(o.cmd, "beszel-agent", "restart").Run()
 }
 
 type openWRTRestarter struct{ cmd string }
 
 func (w *openWRTRestarter) Restart() error {
-	if err := exec.Command(w.cmd, "running", "beszel-agent").Run(); err != nil {
+	// https://openwrt.org/docs/guide-user/base-system/managing_services?s[]=service
+	if err := exec.Command("/etc/init.d/beszel-agent", "running").Run(); err != nil {
 		return nil
 	}
 	ghupdate.ColorPrint(ghupdate.ColorYellow, "Restarting beszel-agent via procd…")
-	return exec.Command(w.cmd, "restart", "beszel-agent").Run()
+	return exec.Command("/etc/init.d/beszel-agent", "restart").Run()
 }
 
 type freeBSDRestarter struct{ cmd string }
@@ -64,11 +65,13 @@ func detectRestarter() restarter {
 	if path, err := exec.LookPath("rc-service"); err == nil {
 		return &openRCRestarter{cmd: path}
 	}
+    if path, err := exec.LookPath("procd"); err == nil {
+        return &openWRTRestarter{cmd: path}
+    }
 	if path, err := exec.LookPath("service"); err == nil {
 		if runtime.GOOS == "freebsd" {
 			return &freeBSDRestarter{cmd: path}
 		}
-		return &openWRTRestarter{cmd: path}
 	}
 	return nil
 }

beszel.go

@@ -6,10 +6,13 @@ import "github.com/blang/semver"
 
 const (
 	// Version is the current version of the application.
-	Version = "0.12.7"
+	Version = "0.13.1"
 	// AppName is the name of the application.
 	AppName = "beszel"
 )
 
 // MinVersionCbor is the minimum supported version for CBOR compatibility.
 var MinVersionCbor = semver.MustParse("0.12.0")
+
+// MinVersionAgentResponse is the minimum supported version for AgentResponse compatibility.
+var MinVersionAgentResponse = semver.MustParse("0.13.0")

go.mod

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ module github.com/henrygd/beszel
 go 1.25.1
 
 // lock shoutrrr to specific version to allow review before updating
-replace github.com/nicholas-fedor/shoutrrr => github.com/nicholas-fedor/shoutrrr v0.8.8
+replace github.com/nicholas-fedor/shoutrrr => github.com/nicholas-fedor/shoutrrr v0.9.1
 
 require (
 	github.com/blang/semver v3.5.1+incompatible
@@ -12,16 +12,16 @@ require (
 	github.com/gliderlabs/ssh v0.3.8
 	github.com/google/uuid v1.6.0
 	github.com/lxzan/gws v1.8.9
-	github.com/nicholas-fedor/shoutrrr v0.8.17
+	github.com/nicholas-fedor/shoutrrr v0.10.0
 	github.com/pocketbase/dbx v1.11.0
-	github.com/pocketbase/pocketbase v0.29.3
-	github.com/shirou/gopsutil/v4 v4.25.6
-	github.com/spf13/cast v1.9.2
-	github.com/spf13/cobra v1.9.1
-	github.com/spf13/pflag v1.0.7
-	github.com/stretchr/testify v1.11.0
-	golang.org/x/crypto v0.41.0
-	golang.org/x/exp v0.0.0-20250819193227-8b4c13bb791b
+	github.com/pocketbase/pocketbase v0.30.1
+	github.com/shirou/gopsutil/v4 v4.25.9
+	github.com/spf13/cast v1.10.0
+	github.com/spf13/cobra v1.10.1
+	github.com/spf13/pflag v1.0.10
+	github.com/stretchr/testify v1.11.1
+	golang.org/x/crypto v0.42.0
+	golang.org/x/exp v0.0.0-20251002181428-27f1f14c8bb9
 	gopkg.in/yaml.v3 v3.0.1
 )
 
@@ -33,9 +33,9 @@ require (
 	github.com/dolthub/maphash v0.1.0 // indirect
 	github.com/domodwyer/mailyak/v3 v3.6.2 // indirect
 	github.com/dustin/go-humanize v1.0.1 // indirect
-	github.com/ebitengine/purego v0.8.4 // indirect
+	github.com/ebitengine/purego v0.9.0 // indirect
 	github.com/fatih/color v1.18.0 // indirect
-	github.com/gabriel-vasile/mimetype v1.4.9 // indirect
+	github.com/gabriel-vasile/mimetype v1.4.10 // indirect
 	github.com/ganigeorgiev/fexpr v0.5.0 // indirect
 	github.com/go-ole/go-ole v1.3.0 // indirect
 	github.com/go-ozzo/ozzo-validation/v4 v4.3.0 // indirect
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ require (
 	github.com/golang-jwt/jwt/v5 v5.3.0 // indirect
 	github.com/inconshreveable/mousetrap v1.1.0 // indirect
 	github.com/klauspost/compress v1.18.0 // indirect
-	github.com/lufia/plan9stats v0.0.0-20250821153705-5981dea3221d // indirect
+	github.com/lufia/plan9stats v0.0.0-20250827001030-24949be3fa54 // indirect
 	github.com/mattn/go-colorable v0.1.14 // indirect
 	github.com/mattn/go-isatty v0.0.20 // indirect
 	github.com/ncruces/go-strftime v0.1.9 // indirect
@@ -54,16 +54,16 @@ require (
 	github.com/tklauser/numcpus v0.10.0 // indirect
 	github.com/x448/float16 v0.8.4 // indirect
 	github.com/yusufpapurcu/wmi v1.2.4 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/image v0.30.0 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/net v0.43.0 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/oauth2 v0.30.0 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/sync v0.16.0 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/sys v0.35.0 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/text v0.28.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/image v0.31.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/net v0.44.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/oauth2 v0.31.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/sync v0.17.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/sys v0.36.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/text v0.29.0 // indirect
 	gopkg.in/check.v1 v1.0.0-20180628173108-788fd7840127 // indirect
 	howett.net/plist v1.0.1 // indirect
 	modernc.org/libc v1.66.3 // indirect
 	modernc.org/mathutil v1.7.1 // indirect
 	modernc.org/memory v1.11.0 // indirect
-	modernc.org/sqlite v1.38.2 // indirect
+	modernc.org/sqlite v1.39.0 // indirect
 )

go.sum

@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 filippo.io/edwards25519 v1.1.0 h1:FNf4tywRC1HmFuKW5xopWpigGjJKiJSV0Cqo0cJWDaA=
 filippo.io/edwards25519 v1.1.0/go.mod h1:BxyFTGdWcka3PhytdK4V28tE5sGfRvvvRV7EaN4VDT4=
+github.com/Masterminds/semver/v3 v3.4.0 h1:Zog+i5UMtVoCU8oKka5P7i9q9HgrJeGzI9SA1Xbatp0=
+github.com/Masterminds/semver/v3 v3.4.0/go.mod h1:4V+yj/TJE1HU9XfppCwVMZq3I84lprf4nC11bSS5beM=
 github.com/anmitsu/go-shlex v0.0.0-20200514113438-38f4b401e2be h1:9AeTilPcZAjCFIImctFaOjnTIavg87rW78vTPkQqLI8=
 github.com/anmitsu/go-shlex v0.0.0-20200514113438-38f4b401e2be/go.mod h1:ySMOLuWl6zY27l47sB3qLNK6tF2fkHG55UZxx8oIVo4=
 github.com/asaskevich/govalidator v0.0.0-20200108200545-475eaeb16496/go.mod h1:oGkLhpf+kjZl6xBf758TQhh5XrAeiJv/7FRz/2spLIg=
@@ -21,22 +23,22 @@ github.com/domodwyer/mailyak/v3 v3.6.2 h1:x3tGMsyFhTCaxp6ycgR0FE/bu5QiNp+hetUuCO
 github.com/domodwyer/mailyak/v3 v3.6.2/go.mod h1:lOm/u9CyCVWHeaAmHIdF4RiKVxKUT/H5XX10lIKAL6c=
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@@ -52,14 +54,14 @@ github.com/golang-jwt/jwt/v5 v5.3.0/go.mod h1:fxCRLWMO43lRc8nhHWY6LGqRcf+1gQWArs
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@@ -67,8 +69,8 @@ github.com/kr/pretty v0.3.1 h1:flRD4NNwYAUpkphVc1HcthR4KEIFJ65n8Mw5qdRn3LE=
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@@ -77,19 +79,19 @@ github.com/mattn/go-isatty v0.0.20 h1:xfD0iDuEKnDkl03q4limB+vH+GxLEtL/jb4xVJSWWE
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@@ -97,19 +99,19 @@ github.com/remyoudompheng/bigfft v0.0.0-20230129092748-24d4a6f8daec/go.mod h1:qq
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@@ -120,42 +122,44 @@ github.com/yusufpapurcu/wmi v1.2.4 h1:zFUKzehAFReQwLys1b/iSMl+JQGSCSjtVqQn9bBrPo
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-golang.org/x/mod v0.27.0 h1:kb+q2PyFnEADO2IEF935ehFUXlWiNjJWtRNgBLSfbxQ=
-golang.org/x/mod v0.27.0/go.mod h1:rWI627Fq0DEoudcK+MBkNkCe0EetEaDSwJJkCcjpazc=
+golang.org/x/image v0.31.0 h1:mLChjE2MV6g1S7oqbXC0/UcKijjm5fnJLUYKIYrLESA=
+golang.org/x/image v0.31.0/go.mod h1:R9ec5Lcp96v9FTF+ajwaH3uGxPH4fKfHHAVbUILxghA=
+golang.org/x/mod v0.28.0 h1:gQBtGhjxykdjY9YhZpSlZIsbnaE2+PgjfLWUQTnoZ1U=
+golang.org/x/mod v0.28.0/go.mod h1:yfB/L0NOf/kmEbXjzCPOx1iK1fRutOydrCMsqRhEBxI=
 golang.org/x/net v0.0.0-20190603091049-60506f45cf65/go.mod h1:HSz+uSET+XFnRR8LxR5pz3Of3rY3CfYBVs4xY44aLks=
-golang.org/x/net v0.43.0 h1:lat02VYK2j4aLzMzecihNvTlJNQUq316m2Mr9rnM6YE=
-golang.org/x/net v0.43.0/go.mod h1:vhO1fvI4dGsIjh73sWfUVjj3N7CA9WkKJNQm2svM6Jg=
-golang.org/x/oauth2 v0.30.0 h1:dnDm7JmhM45NNpd8FDDeLhK6FwqbOf4MLCM9zb1BOHI=
-golang.org/x/oauth2 v0.30.0/go.mod h1:B++QgG3ZKulg6sRPGD/mqlHQs5rB3Ml9erfeDY7xKlU=
-golang.org/x/sync v0.16.0 h1:ycBJEhp9p4vXvUZNszeOq0kGTPghopOL8q0fq3vstxw=
-golang.org/x/sync v0.16.0/go.mod h1:1dzgHSNfp02xaA81J2MS99Qcpr2w7fw1gpm99rleRqA=
+golang.org/x/net v0.44.0 h1:evd8IRDyfNBMBTTY5XRF1vaZlD+EmWx6x8PkhR04H/I=
+golang.org/x/net v0.44.0/go.mod h1:ECOoLqd5U3Lhyeyo/QDCEVQ4sNgYsqvCZ722XogGieY=
+golang.org/x/oauth2 v0.31.0 h1:8Fq0yVZLh4j4YA47vHKFTa9Ew5XIrCP8LC6UeNZnLxo=
+golang.org/x/oauth2 v0.31.0/go.mod h1:lzm5WQJQwKZ3nwavOZ3IS5Aulzxi68dUSgRHujetwEA=
+golang.org/x/sync v0.17.0 h1:l60nONMj9l5drqw6jlhIELNv9I0A4OFgRsG9k2oT9Ug=
+golang.org/x/sync v0.17.0/go.mod h1:9KTHXmSnoGruLpwFjVSX0lNNA75CykiMECbovNTZqGI=
 golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20190215142949-d0b11bdaac8a/go.mod h1:STP8DvDyc/dI5b8T5hshtkjS+E42TnysNCUPdjciGhY=
 golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20190916202348-b4ddaad3f8a3/go.mod h1:h1NjWce9XRLGQEsW7wpKNCjG9DtNlClVuFLEZdDNbEs=
 golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20201204225414-ed752295db88/go.mod h1:h1NjWce9XRLGQEsW7wpKNCjG9DtNlClVuFLEZdDNbEs=
 golang.org/x/sys v0.1.0/go.mod h1:oPkhp1MJrh7nUepCBck5+mAzfO9JrbApNNgaTdGDITg=
 golang.org/x/sys v0.6.0/go.mod h1:oPkhp1MJrh7nUepCBck5+mAzfO9JrbApNNgaTdGDITg=
-golang.org/x/sys v0.35.0 h1:vz1N37gP5bs89s7He8XuIYXpyY0+QlsKmzipCbUtyxI=
-golang.org/x/sys v0.35.0/go.mod h1:BJP2sWEmIv4KK5OTEluFJCKSidICx8ciO85XgH3Ak8k=
-golang.org/x/term v0.34.0 h1:O/2T7POpk0ZZ7MAzMeWFSg6S5IpWd/RXDlM9hgM3DR4=
-golang.org/x/term v0.34.0/go.mod h1:5jC53AEywhIVebHgPVeg0mj8OD3VO9OzclacVrqpaAw=
+golang.org/x/sys v0.36.0 h1:KVRy2GtZBrk1cBYA7MKu5bEZFxQk4NIDV6RLVcC8o0k=
+golang.org/x/sys v0.36.0/go.mod h1:OgkHotnGiDImocRcuBABYBEXf8A9a87e/uXjp9XT3ks=
+golang.org/x/term v0.35.0 h1:bZBVKBudEyhRcajGcNc3jIfWPqV4y/Kt2XcoigOWtDQ=
+golang.org/x/term v0.35.0/go.mod h1:TPGtkTLesOwf2DE8CgVYiZinHAOuy5AYUYT1lENIZnA=
 golang.org/x/text v0.3.0/go.mod h1:NqM8EUOU14njkJ3fqMW+pc6Ldnwhi/IjpwHt7yyuwOQ=
 golang.org/x/text v0.3.2/go.mod h1:bEr9sfX3Q8Zfm5fL9x+3itogRgK3+ptLWKqgva+5dAk=
-golang.org/x/text v0.28.0 h1:rhazDwis8INMIwQ4tpjLDzUhx6RlXqZNPEM0huQojng=
-golang.org/x/text v0.28.0/go.mod h1:U8nCwOR8jO/marOQ0QbDiOngZVEBB7MAiitBuMjXiNU=
+golang.org/x/text v0.29.0 h1:1neNs90w9YzJ9BocxfsQNHKuAT4pkghyXc4nhZ6sJvk=
+golang.org/x/text v0.29.0/go.mod h1:7MhJOA9CD2qZyOKYazxdYMF85OwPdEr9jTtBpO7ydH4=
 golang.org/x/tools v0.0.0-20180917221912-90fa682c2a6e/go.mod h1:n7NCudcB/nEzxVGmLbDWY5pfWTLqBcC2KZ6jyYvM4mQ=
-golang.org/x/tools v0.36.0 h1:kWS0uv/zsvHEle1LbV5LE8QujrxB3wfQyxHfhOk0Qkg=
-golang.org/x/tools v0.36.0/go.mod h1:WBDiHKJK8YgLHlcQPYQzNCkUxUypCaa5ZegCVutKm+s=
+golang.org/x/tools v0.37.0 h1:DVSRzp7FwePZW356yEAChSdNcQo6Nsp+fex1SUW09lE=
+golang.org/x/tools v0.37.0/go.mod h1:MBN5QPQtLMHVdvsbtarmTNukZDdgwdwlO5qGacAzF0w=
 google.golang.org/appengine v1.6.5/go.mod h1:8WjMMxjGQR8xUklV/ARdw2HLXBOI7O7uCIDZVag1xfc=
-google.golang.org/protobuf v1.36.6 h1:z1NpPI8ku2WgiWnf+t9wTPsn6eP1L7ksHUlkfLvd9xY=
-google.golang.org/protobuf v1.36.6/go.mod h1:jduwjTPXsFjZGTmRluh+L6NjiWu7pchiJ2/5YcXBHnY=
+google.golang.org/protobuf v1.36.7 h1:IgrO7UwFQGJdRNXH/sQux4R1Dj1WAKcLElzeeRaXV2A=
+google.golang.org/protobuf v1.36.7/go.mod h1:jduwjTPXsFjZGTmRluh+L6NjiWu7pchiJ2/5YcXBHnY=
 gopkg.in/check.v1 v0.0.0-20161208181325-20d25e280405/go.mod h1:Co6ibVJAznAaIkqp8huTwlJQCZ016jof/cbN4VW5Yz0=
 gopkg.in/check.v1 v1.0.0-20180628173108-788fd7840127 h1:qIbj1fsPNlZgppZ+VLlY7N33q108Sa+fhmuc+sWQYwY=
 gopkg.in/check.v1 v1.0.0-20180628173108-788fd7840127/go.mod h1:Co6ibVJAznAaIkqp8huTwlJQCZ016jof/cbN4VW5Yz0=
@@ -165,18 +169,20 @@ gopkg.in/yaml.v3 v3.0.1 h1:fxVm/GzAzEWqLHuvctI91KS9hhNmmWOoWu0XTYJS7CA=
 gopkg.in/yaml.v3 v3.0.1/go.mod h1:K4uyk7z7BCEPqu6E+C64Yfv1cQ7kz7rIZviUmN+EgEM=
 howett.net/plist v1.0.1 h1:37GdZ8tP09Q35o9ych3ehygcsL+HqKSwzctveSlarvM=
 howett.net/plist v1.0.1/go.mod h1:lqaXoTrLY4hg8tnEzNru53gicrbv7rrk+2xJA/7hw9g=
-modernc.org/cc/v4 v4.26.2 h1:991HMkLjJzYBIfha6ECZdjrIYz2/1ayr+FL8GN+CNzM=
-modernc.org/cc/v4 v4.26.2/go.mod h1:uVtb5OGqUKpoLWhqwNQo/8LwvoiEBLvZXIQ/SmO6mL0=
-modernc.org/ccgo/v4 v4.28.0 h1:rjznn6WWehKq7dG4JtLRKxb52Ecv8OUGah8+Z/SfpNU=
-modernc.org/ccgo/v4 v4.28.0/go.mod h1:JygV3+9AV6SmPhDasu4JgquwU81XAKLd3OKTUDNOiKE=
-modernc.org/fileutil v1.3.8 h1:qtzNm7ED75pd1C7WgAGcK4edm4fvhtBsEiI/0NQ54YM=
-modernc.org/fileutil v1.3.8/go.mod h1:HxmghZSZVAz/LXcMNwZPA/DRrQZEVP9VX0V4LQGQFOc=
+modernc.org/cc/v4 v4.26.5 h1:xM3bX7Mve6G8K8b+T11ReenJOT+BmVqQj0FY5T4+5Y4=
+modernc.org/cc/v4 v4.26.5/go.mod h1:uVtb5OGqUKpoLWhqwNQo/8LwvoiEBLvZXIQ/SmO6mL0=
+modernc.org/ccgo/v4 v4.28.1 h1:wPKYn5EC/mYTqBO373jKjvX2n+3+aK7+sICCv4Fjy1A=
+modernc.org/ccgo/v4 v4.28.1/go.mod h1:uD+4RnfrVgE6ec9NGguUNdhqzNIeeomeXf6CL0GTE5Q=
+modernc.org/fileutil v1.3.40 h1:ZGMswMNc9JOCrcrakF1HrvmergNLAmxOPjizirpfqBA=
+modernc.org/fileutil v1.3.40/go.mod h1:HxmghZSZVAz/LXcMNwZPA/DRrQZEVP9VX0V4LQGQFOc=
 modernc.org/gc/v2 v2.6.5 h1:nyqdV8q46KvTpZlsw66kWqwXRHdjIlJOhG6kxiV/9xI=
 modernc.org/gc/v2 v2.6.5/go.mod h1:YgIahr1ypgfe7chRuJi2gD7DBQiKSLMPgBQe9oIiito=
 modernc.org/goabi0 v0.2.0 h1:HvEowk7LxcPd0eq6mVOAEMai46V+i7Jrj13t4AzuNks=
 modernc.org/goabi0 v0.2.0/go.mod h1:CEFRnnJhKvWT1c1JTI3Avm+tgOWbkOu5oPA8eH8LnMI=
 modernc.org/libc v1.66.3 h1:cfCbjTUcdsKyyZZfEUKfoHcP3S0Wkvz3jgSzByEWVCQ=
 modernc.org/libc v1.66.3/go.mod h1:XD9zO8kt59cANKvHPXpx7yS2ELPheAey0vjIuZOhOU8=
+modernc.org/libc v1.66.10 h1:yZkb3YeLx4oynyR+iUsXsybsX4Ubx7MQlSYEw4yj59A=
+modernc.org/libc v1.66.10/go.mod h1:8vGSEwvoUoltr4dlywvHqjtAqHBaw0j1jI7iFBTAr2I=
 modernc.org/mathutil v1.7.1 h1:GCZVGXdaN8gTqB1Mf/usp1Y/hSqgI2vAGGP4jZMCxOU=
 modernc.org/mathutil v1.7.1/go.mod h1:4p5IwJITfppl0G4sUEDtCr4DthTaT47/N3aT6MhfgJg=
 modernc.org/memory v1.11.0 h1:o4QC8aMQzmcwCK3t3Ux/ZHmwFPzE6hf2Y5LbkRs+hbI=
@@ -185,8 +191,8 @@ modernc.org/opt v0.1.4 h1:2kNGMRiUjrp4LcaPuLY2PzUfqM/w9N23quVwhKt5Qm8=
 modernc.org/opt v0.1.4/go.mod h1:03fq9lsNfvkYSfxrfUhZCWPk1lm4cq4N+Bh//bEtgns=
 modernc.org/sortutil v1.2.1 h1:+xyoGf15mM3NMlPDnFqrteY07klSFxLElE2PVuWIJ7w=
 modernc.org/sortutil v1.2.1/go.mod h1:7ZI3a3REbai7gzCLcotuw9AC4VZVpYMjDzETGsSMqJE=
-modernc.org/sqlite v1.38.2 h1:Aclu7+tgjgcQVShZqim41Bbw9Cho0y/7WzYptXqkEek=
-modernc.org/sqlite v1.38.2/go.mod h1:cPTJYSlgg3Sfg046yBShXENNtPrWrDX8bsbAQBzgQ5E=
+modernc.org/sqlite v1.39.0 h1:6bwu9Ooim0yVYA7IZn9demiQk/Ejp0BtTjBWFLymSeY=
+modernc.org/sqlite v1.39.0/go.mod h1:cPTJYSlgg3Sfg046yBShXENNtPrWrDX8bsbAQBzgQ5E=
 modernc.org/strutil v1.2.1 h1:UneZBkQA+DX2Rp35KcM69cSsNES9ly8mQWD71HKlOA0=
 modernc.org/strutil v1.2.1/go.mod h1:EHkiggD70koQxjVdSBM3JKM7k6L0FbGE5eymy9i3B9A=
 modernc.org/token v1.1.0 h1:Xl7Ap9dKaEs5kLoOQeQmPWevfnk/DM5qcLcYlA8ys6Y=

internal/alerts/alerts_status.go

@@ -25,7 +25,12 @@ type alertInfo struct {
 // startWorker is a long-running goroutine that processes alert tasks
 // every x seconds. It must be running to process status alerts.
 func (am *AlertManager) startWorker() {
-	tick := time.Tick(15 * time.Second)
+	processPendingAlerts := time.Tick(15 * time.Second)
+
+	// check for status alerts that are not resolved when system comes up
+	// (can be removed if we figure out core bug in #1052)
+	checkStatusAlerts := time.Tick(561 * time.Second)
+
 	for {
 		select {
 		case <-am.stopChan:
@@ -41,7 +46,9 @@ func (am *AlertManager) startWorker() {
 			case "cancel":
 				am.pendingAlerts.Delete(task.alertRecord.Id)
 			}
-		case <-tick:
+		case <-checkStatusAlerts:
+			resolveStatusAlerts(am.hub)
+		case <-processPendingAlerts:
 			// Check for expired alerts every tick
 			now := time.Now()
 			for key, value := range am.pendingAlerts.Range {
@@ -170,3 +177,35 @@ func (am *AlertManager) sendStatusAlert(alertStatus string, systemName string, a
 		LinkText: "View " + systemName,
 	})
 }
+
+// resolveStatusAlerts resolves any status alerts that weren't resolved
+// when system came up (https://github.com/henrygd/beszel/issues/1052)
+func resolveStatusAlerts(app core.App) error {
+	db := app.DB()
+	// Find all active status alerts where the system is actually up
+	var alertIds []string
+	err := db.NewQuery(`
+		SELECT a.id 
+		FROM alerts a
+		JOIN systems s ON a.system = s.id
+		WHERE a.name = 'Status' 
+		AND a.triggered = true
+		AND s.status = 'up'
+	`).Column(&alertIds)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	// resolve all matching alert records
+	for _, alertId := range alertIds {
+		alert, err := app.FindRecordById("alerts", alertId)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		alert.Set("triggered", false)
+		err = app.Save(alert)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}

internal/alerts/alerts_test.go

@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ import (
 	"testing/synctest"
 	"time"
 
+	"github.com/henrygd/beszel/internal/alerts"
 	beszelTests "github.com/henrygd/beszel/internal/tests"
 
 	"github.com/pocketbase/dbx"
@@ -369,33 +370,9 @@ func TestUserAlertsApi(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
-func getHubWithUser(t *testing.T) (*beszelTests.TestHub, *core.Record) {
-	hub, err := beszelTests.NewTestHub(t.TempDir())
-	assert.NoError(t, err)
-	hub.StartHub()
-
-	// Manually initialize the system manager to bind event hooks
-	err = hub.GetSystemManager().Initialize()
-	assert.NoError(t, err)
-
-	// Create a test user
-	user, err := beszelTests.CreateUser(hub, "test@example.com", "password")
-	assert.NoError(t, err)
-
-	// Create user settings for the test user (required for alert notifications)
-	userSettingsData := map[string]any{
-		"user":     user.Id,
-		"settings": `{"emails":[test@example.com],"webhooks":[]}`,
-	}
-	_, err = beszelTests.CreateRecord(hub, "user_settings", userSettingsData)
-	assert.NoError(t, err)
-
-	return hub, user
-}
-
 func TestStatusAlerts(t *testing.T) {
 	synctest.Test(t, func(t *testing.T) {
-		hub, user := getHubWithUser(t)
+		hub, user := beszelTests.GetHubWithUser(t)
 		defer hub.Cleanup()
 
 		systems, err := beszelTests.CreateSystems(hub, 4, user.Id, "paused")
@@ -476,7 +453,7 @@ func TestStatusAlerts(t *testing.T) {
 
 func TestAlertsHistory(t *testing.T) {
 	synctest.Test(t, func(t *testing.T) {
-		hub, user := getHubWithUser(t)
+		hub, user := beszelTests.GetHubWithUser(t)
 		defer hub.Cleanup()
 
 		// Create systems and alerts
@@ -602,3 +579,102 @@ func TestAlertsHistory(t *testing.T) {
 		assert.EqualValues(t, 2, totalHistoryCount, "Should have 2 total alert history records")
 	})
 }
+func TestResolveStatusAlerts(t *testing.T) {
+	hub, user := beszelTests.GetHubWithUser(t)
+	defer hub.Cleanup()
+
+	// Create a systemUp
+	systemUp, err := beszelTests.CreateRecord(hub, "systems", map[string]any{
+		"name":   "test-system",
+		"users":  []string{user.Id},
+		"host":   "127.0.0.1",
+		"status": "up",
+	})
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+
+	systemDown, err := beszelTests.CreateRecord(hub, "systems", map[string]any{
+		"name":   "test-system-2",
+		"users":  []string{user.Id},
+		"host":   "127.0.0.2",
+		"status": "up",
+	})
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+
+	// Create a status alertUp for the system
+	alertUp, err := beszelTests.CreateRecord(hub, "alerts", map[string]any{
+		"name":   "Status",
+		"system": systemUp.Id,
+		"user":   user.Id,
+		"min":    1,
+	})
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+
+	alertDown, err := beszelTests.CreateRecord(hub, "alerts", map[string]any{
+		"name":   "Status",
+		"system": systemDown.Id,
+		"user":   user.Id,
+		"min":    1,
+	})
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+
+	// Verify alert is not triggered initially
+	assert.False(t, alertUp.GetBool("triggered"), "Alert should not be triggered initially")
+
+	// Set the system to 'up' (this should not trigger the alert)
+	systemUp.Set("status", "up")
+	err = hub.SaveNoValidate(systemUp)
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+
+	systemDown.Set("status", "down")
+	err = hub.SaveNoValidate(systemDown)
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+
+	// Wait a moment for any processing
+	time.Sleep(10 * time.Millisecond)
+
+	// Verify alertUp is still not triggered after setting system to up
+	alertUp, err = hub.FindFirstRecordByFilter("alerts", "id={:id}", dbx.Params{"id": alertUp.Id})
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+	assert.False(t, alertUp.GetBool("triggered"), "Alert should not be triggered when system is up")
+
+	// Manually set both alerts triggered to true
+	alertUp.Set("triggered", true)
+	err = hub.SaveNoValidate(alertUp)
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+	alertDown.Set("triggered", true)
+	err = hub.SaveNoValidate(alertDown)
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+
+	// Verify we have exactly one alert with triggered true
+	triggeredCount, err := hub.CountRecords("alerts", dbx.HashExp{"triggered": true})
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+	assert.EqualValues(t, 2, triggeredCount, "Should have exactly two alerts with triggered true")
+
+	// Verify the specific alertUp is triggered
+	alertUp, err = hub.FindFirstRecordByFilter("alerts", "id={:id}", dbx.Params{"id": alertUp.Id})
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+	assert.True(t, alertUp.GetBool("triggered"), "Alert should be triggered")
+
+	// Verify we have two unresolved alert history records
+	alertHistoryCount, err := hub.CountRecords("alerts_history", dbx.HashExp{"resolved": ""})
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+	assert.EqualValues(t, 2, alertHistoryCount, "Should have exactly two unresolved alert history records")
+
+	err = alerts.ResolveStatusAlerts(hub)
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+
+	// Verify alertUp is not triggered after resolving
+	alertUp, err = hub.FindFirstRecordByFilter("alerts", "id={:id}", dbx.Params{"id": alertUp.Id})
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+	assert.False(t, alertUp.GetBool("triggered"), "Alert should not be triggered after resolving")
+	// Verify alertDown is still triggered
+	alertDown, err = hub.FindFirstRecordByFilter("alerts", "id={:id}", dbx.Params{"id": alertDown.Id})
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+	assert.True(t, alertDown.GetBool("triggered"), "Alert should still be triggered after resolving")
+
+	// Verify we have one unresolved alert history record
+	alertHistoryCount, err = hub.CountRecords("alerts_history", dbx.HashExp{"resolved": ""})
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+	assert.EqualValues(t, 1, alertHistoryCount, "Should have exactly one unresolved alert history record")
+
+}

internal/alerts/alerts_test_helpers.go

@@ -1,3 +1,6 @@
+//go:build testing
+// +build testing
+
 package alerts
 
 import (
@@ -53,3 +56,7 @@ func (am *AlertManager) ForceExpirePendingAlerts() {
 		return true
 	})
 }
+
+func ResolveStatusAlerts(app core.App) error {
+	return resolveStatusAlerts(app)
+}

internal/common/common-ws.go

@@ -1,22 +1,33 @@
 package common
 
-type WebSocketAction = uint8
+import (
+	"github.com/henrygd/beszel/internal/entities/system"
+)
 
-// Not implemented yet
-// type AgentError = uint8
+type WebSocketAction = uint8
 
 const (
 	// Request system data from agent
 	GetData WebSocketAction = iota
 	// Check the fingerprint of the agent
 	CheckFingerprint
+	// Add new actions here...
 )
 
 // HubRequest defines the structure for requests sent from hub to agent.
 type HubRequest[T any] struct {
 	Action WebSocketAction `cbor:"0,keyasint"`
 	Data   T               `cbor:"1,keyasint,omitempty,omitzero"`
-	// Error  AgentError      `cbor:"error,omitempty,omitzero"`
+	Id     *uint32         `cbor:"2,keyasint,omitempty"`
+}
+
+// AgentResponse defines the structure for responses sent from agent to hub.
+type AgentResponse struct {
+	Id          *uint32              `cbor:"0,keyasint,omitempty"`
+	SystemData  *system.CombinedData `cbor:"1,keyasint,omitempty,omitzero"`
+	Fingerprint *FingerprintResponse `cbor:"2,keyasint,omitempty,omitzero"`
+	Error       string               `cbor:"3,keyasint,omitempty,omitzero"`
+	// RawBytes    []byte               `cbor:"4,keyasint,omitempty,omitzero"`
 }
 
 type FingerprintRequest struct {
@@ -27,6 +38,12 @@ type FingerprintRequest struct {
 type FingerprintResponse struct {
 	Fingerprint string `cbor:"0,keyasint"`
 	// Optional system info for universal token system creation
-	Hostname string `cbor:"1,keyasint,omitempty,omitzero"`
-	Port     string `cbor:"2,keyasint,omitempty,omitzero"`
+	Hostname string `cbor:"1,keyasint,omitzero"`
+	Port     string `cbor:"2,keyasint,omitzero"`
+	Name     string `cbor:"3,keyasint,omitzero"`
+}
+
+type DataRequestOptions struct {
+	CacheTimeMs uint16 `cbor:"0,keyasint"`
+	// ResourceType uint8  `cbor:"1,keyasint,omitempty,omitzero"`
 }

internal/dockerfile_agent

@@ -23,4 +23,7 @@ COPY --from=builder /agent /agent
 # this is so we don't need to create the /tmp directory in the scratch container
 COPY --from=builder /tmp /tmp
 
+# Ensure data persistence across container recreations
+VOLUME ["/var/lib/beszel-agent"]
+
 ENTRYPOINT ["/agent"]

internal/dockerfile_agent_intel

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+FROM --platform=$BUILDPLATFORM golang:alpine AS builder
+
+WORKDIR /app
+
+COPY ../go.mod ../go.sum ./
+RUN go mod download
+
+# Copy source files
+COPY . ./
+
+# Build
+ARG TARGETOS TARGETARCH
+RUN CGO_ENABLED=0 GOGC=75 GOOS=$TARGETOS GOARCH=$TARGETARCH go build -ldflags "-w -s" -o /agent ./internal/cmd/agent
+
+# --------------------------
+# Final image
+# Note: must cap_add: [CAP_PERFMON] and mount /dev/dri/ as volume
+# --------------------------
+FROM alpine:edge
+
+COPY --from=builder /agent /agent
+
+RUN apk add --no-cache -X https://dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/alpine/edge/testing igt-gpu-tools
+
+# Ensure data persistence across container recreations
+VOLUME ["/var/lib/beszel-agent"]
+
+ENTRYPOINT ["/agent"]

internal/dockerfile_agent_nvidia

@@ -2,15 +2,18 @@ FROM --platform=$BUILDPLATFORM golang:alpine AS builder
 
 WORKDIR /app
 
-COPY go.mod go.sum ./
-# RUN go mod download
-COPY *.go ./
-COPY cmd ./cmd
-COPY internal ./internal
+
+COPY ../go.mod ../go.sum ./
+RUN go mod download
+
+# Copy source files
+COPY . ./
 
 # Build
 ARG TARGETOS TARGETARCH
-RUN CGO_ENABLED=0 GOGC=75 GOOS=$TARGETOS GOARCH=$TARGETARCH go build -ldflags "-w -s" -o /agent ./cmd/agent
+RUN CGO_ENABLED=0 GOGC=75 GOOS=$TARGETOS GOARCH=$TARGETARCH go build -ldflags "-w -s" -o /agent ./internal/cmd/agent
+
+RUN rm -rf /tmp/*
 
 # --------------------------
 # Final image: GPU-enabled agent with nvidia-smi
@@ -18,4 +21,10 @@ RUN CGO_ENABLED=0 GOGC=75 GOOS=$TARGETOS GOARCH=$TARGETARCH go build -ldflags "-
 FROM nvidia/cuda:12.2.2-base-ubuntu22.04
 COPY --from=builder /agent /agent
 
+# this is so we don't need to create the /tmp directory in the scratch container
+COPY --from=builder /tmp /tmp
+
+# Ensure data persistence across container recreations
+VOLUME ["/var/lib/beszel-agent"]
+
 ENTRYPOINT ["/agent"]

internal/dockerfile_hub

@@ -25,6 +25,9 @@ FROM scratch
 COPY --from=builder /beszel /
 COPY --from=builder /etc/ssl/certs/ca-certificates.crt /etc/ssl/certs/
 
+# Ensure data persistence across container recreations
+VOLUME ["/beszel_data"]
+
 EXPOSE 8090
 
 ENTRYPOINT [ "/beszel" ]

internal/entities/system/system.go

@@ -38,19 +38,24 @@ type Stats struct {
 	Bandwidth      [2]uint64           `json:"b,omitzero" cbor:"26,keyasint,omitzero"`  // [sent bytes, recv bytes]
 	MaxBandwidth   [2]uint64           `json:"bm,omitzero" cbor:"27,keyasint,omitzero"` // [sent bytes, recv bytes]
 	// TODO: remove other load fields in future release in favor of load avg array
-	LoadAvg [3]float64 `json:"la,omitempty" cbor:"28,keyasint"`
-	Battery [2]uint8   `json:"bat,omitzero" cbor:"29,keyasint,omitzero"` // [percent, charge state, current]
-	MaxMem  float64    `json:"mm,omitempty" cbor:"30,keyasint,omitempty"`
+	LoadAvg           [3]float64           `json:"la,omitempty" cbor:"28,keyasint"`
+	Battery           [2]uint8             `json:"bat,omitzero" cbor:"29,keyasint,omitzero"` // [percent, charge state, current]
+	MaxMem            float64              `json:"mm,omitempty" cbor:"30,keyasint,omitempty"`
+	NetworkInterfaces map[string][4]uint64 `json:"ni,omitempty" cbor:"31,keyasint,omitempty"` // [upload bytes, download bytes, total upload, total download]
+	DiskIO            [2]uint64            `json:"dio,omitzero" cbor:"32,keyasint,omitzero"`  // [read bytes, write bytes]
+	MaxDiskIO         [2]uint64            `json:"diom,omitzero" cbor:"-"`                    // [max read bytes, max write bytes]
 }
 
 type GPUData struct {
-	Name        string  `json:"n" cbor:"0,keyasint"`
-	Temperature float64 `json:"-"`
-	MemoryUsed  float64 `json:"mu,omitempty" cbor:"1,keyasint,omitempty"`
-	MemoryTotal float64 `json:"mt,omitempty" cbor:"2,keyasint,omitempty"`
-	Usage       float64 `json:"u" cbor:"3,keyasint"`
-	Power       float64 `json:"p,omitempty" cbor:"4,keyasint,omitempty"`
-	Count       float64 `json:"-"`
+	Name        string             `json:"n" cbor:"0,keyasint"`
+	Temperature float64            `json:"-"`
+	MemoryUsed  float64            `json:"mu,omitempty,omitzero" cbor:"1,keyasint,omitempty,omitzero"`
+	MemoryTotal float64            `json:"mt,omitempty,omitzero" cbor:"2,keyasint,omitempty,omitzero"`
+	Usage       float64            `json:"u" cbor:"3,keyasint,omitempty"`
+	Power       float64            `json:"p,omitempty" cbor:"4,keyasint,omitempty"`
+	Count       float64            `json:"-"`
+	Engines     map[string]float64 `json:"e,omitempty" cbor:"5,keyasint,omitempty"`
+	PowerPkg    float64            `json:"pp,omitempty" cbor:"6,keyasint,omitempty"`
 }
 
 type FsStats struct {
@@ -65,6 +70,11 @@ type FsStats struct {
 	DiskWritePs    float64   `json:"w" cbor:"3,keyasint"`
 	MaxDiskReadPS  float64   `json:"rm,omitempty" cbor:"4,keyasint,omitempty"`
 	MaxDiskWritePS float64   `json:"wm,omitempty" cbor:"5,keyasint,omitempty"`
+	// TODO: remove DiskReadPs and DiskWritePs in future release in favor of DiskReadBytes and DiskWriteBytes
+	DiskReadBytes     uint64 `json:"rb" cbor:"6,keyasint,omitempty"`
+	DiskWriteBytes    uint64 `json:"wb" cbor:"7,keyasint,omitempty"`
+	MaxDiskReadBytes  uint64 `json:"rbm,omitempty" cbor:"-"`
+	MaxDiskWriteBytes uint64 `json:"wbm,omitempty" cbor:"-"`
 }
 
 type NetIoStats struct {
@@ -83,6 +93,14 @@ const (
 	Freebsd
 )
 
+type ConnectionType = uint8
+
+const (
+	ConnectionTypeNone ConnectionType = iota
+	ConnectionTypeSSH
+	ConnectionTypeWebSocket
+)
+
 type Info struct {
 	Hostname       string  `json:"h" cbor:"0,keyasint"`
 	KernelVersion  string  `json:"k,omitempty" cbor:"1,keyasint,omitempty"`
@@ -104,7 +122,8 @@ type Info struct {
 	LoadAvg15      float64 `json:"l15,omitempty" cbor:"17,keyasint,omitempty"`
 	BandwidthBytes uint64  `json:"bb" cbor:"18,keyasint"`
 	// TODO: remove load fields in future release in favor of load avg array
-	LoadAvg [3]float64 `json:"la,omitempty" cbor:"19,keyasint"`
+	LoadAvg        [3]float64     `json:"la,omitempty" cbor:"19,keyasint"`
+	ConnectionType ConnectionType `json:"ct,omitempty" cbor:"20,keyasint,omitempty,omitzero"`
 }
 
 // Final data structure to return to the hub

internal/hub/agent_connect.go

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 package hub
 
 import (
+	"context"
 	"errors"
 	"net"
 	"net/http"
@@ -93,7 +94,7 @@ func (acr *agentConnectRequest) agentConnect() (err error) {
 // verifyWsConn verifies the WebSocket connection using the agent's fingerprint and
 // SSH key signature, then adds the system to the system manager.
 func (acr *agentConnectRequest) verifyWsConn(conn *gws.Conn, fpRecords []ws.FingerprintRecord) (err error) {
-	wsConn := ws.NewWsConnection(conn)
+	wsConn := ws.NewWsConnection(conn, acr.agentSemVer)
 
 	// must set wsConn in connection store before the read loop
 	conn.Session().Store("wsConn", wsConn)
@@ -112,7 +113,7 @@ func (acr *agentConnectRequest) verifyWsConn(conn *gws.Conn, fpRecords []ws.Fing
 		return err
 	}
 
-	agentFingerprint, err := wsConn.GetFingerprint(acr.token, signer, acr.isUniversalToken)
+	agentFingerprint, err := wsConn.GetFingerprint(context.Background(), acr.token, signer, acr.isUniversalToken)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
@@ -267,9 +268,12 @@ func (acr *agentConnectRequest) createSystem(agentFingerprint common.Fingerprint
 	if agentFingerprint.Port == "" {
 		agentFingerprint.Port = "45876"
 	}
+	if agentFingerprint.Name == "" {
+		agentFingerprint.Name = agentFingerprint.Hostname
+	}
 	// create new record
 	systemRecord := core.NewRecord(systemsCollection)
-	systemRecord.Set("name", agentFingerprint.Hostname)
+	systemRecord.Set("name", agentFingerprint.Name)
 	systemRecord.Set("host", remoteAddr)
 	systemRecord.Set("port", agentFingerprint.Port)
 	systemRecord.Set("users", []string{acr.userId})

internal/hub/hub.go

@@ -175,35 +175,31 @@ func (h *Hub) registerCronJobs(_ *core.ServeEvent) error {
 
 // custom middlewares
 func (h *Hub) registerMiddlewares(se *core.ServeEvent) {
+	// authorizes request with user matching the provided email
+	authorizeRequestWithEmail := func(e *core.RequestEvent, email string) (err error) {
+		if e.Auth != nil || email == "" {
+			return e.Next()
+		}
+		isAuthRefresh := e.Request.URL.Path == "/api/collections/users/auth-refresh" && e.Request.Method == http.MethodPost
+		e.Auth, err = e.App.FindFirstRecordByData("users", "email", email)
+		if err != nil || !isAuthRefresh {
+			return e.Next()
+		}
+		// auth refresh endpoint, make sure token is set in header
+		token, _ := e.Auth.NewAuthToken()
+		e.Request.Header.Set("Authorization", token)
+		return e.Next()
+	}
+	// authenticate with trusted header
+	if autoLogin, _ := GetEnv("AUTO_LOGIN"); autoLogin != "" {
+		se.Router.BindFunc(func(e *core.RequestEvent) error {
+			return authorizeRequestWithEmail(e, autoLogin)
+		})
+	}
 	// authenticate with trusted header
 	if trustedHeader, _ := GetEnv("TRUSTED_AUTH_HEADER"); trustedHeader != "" {
 		se.Router.BindFunc(func(e *core.RequestEvent) error {
-			if e.Auth != nil {
-				return e.Next()
-			}
-			trustedEmail := e.Request.Header.Get(trustedHeader)
-			if trustedEmail == "" {
-				return e.Next()
-			}
-			isAuthRefresh := e.Request.URL.Path == "/api/collections/users/auth-refresh" && e.Request.Method == http.MethodPost
-			if !isAuthRefresh {
-				authRecord, err := e.App.FindAuthRecordByEmail("users", trustedEmail)
-				if err == nil {
-					e.Auth = authRecord
-				}
-				return e.Next()
-			}
-			// if auth refresh endpoint, find user record directly and generate token
-			user, err := e.App.FindFirstRecordByData("users", "email", trustedEmail)
-			if err != nil {
-				return e.Next()
-			}
-			e.Auth = user
-			// need to set the authorization header for the client sdk to pick up the token
-			if token, err := user.NewAuthToken(); err == nil {
-				e.Request.Header.Set("Authorization", token)
-			}
-			return e.Next()
+			return authorizeRequestWithEmail(e, e.Request.Header.Get(trustedHeader))
 		})
 	}
 }

internal/hub/hub_test.go

@@ -712,6 +712,60 @@ func TestCreateUserEndpointAvailability(t *testing.T) {
 	})
 }
 
+func TestAutoLoginMiddleware(t *testing.T) {
+	var hubs []*beszelTests.TestHub
+
+	defer func() {
+		defer os.Unsetenv("AUTO_LOGIN")
+		for _, hub := range hubs {
+			hub.Cleanup()
+		}
+	}()
+
+	os.Setenv("AUTO_LOGIN", "user@test.com")
+
+	testAppFactory := func(t testing.TB) *pbTests.TestApp {
+		hub, _ := beszelTests.NewTestHub(t.TempDir())
+		hubs = append(hubs, hub)
+		hub.StartHub()
+		return hub.TestApp
+	}
+
+	scenarios := []beszelTests.ApiScenario{
+		{
+			Name:            "GET /getkey - without auto login should fail",
+			Method:          http.MethodGet,
+			URL:             "/api/beszel/getkey",
+			ExpectedStatus:  401,
+			ExpectedContent: []string{"requires valid"},
+			TestAppFactory:  testAppFactory,
+		},
+		{
+			Name:            "GET /getkey - with auto login should fail if no matching user",
+			Method:          http.MethodGet,
+			URL:             "/api/beszel/getkey",
+			ExpectedStatus:  401,
+			ExpectedContent: []string{"requires valid"},
+			TestAppFactory:  testAppFactory,
+		},
+		{
+			Name:            "GET /getkey - with auto login should succeed",
+			Method:          http.MethodGet,
+			URL:             "/api/beszel/getkey",
+			ExpectedStatus:  200,
+			ExpectedContent: []string{"\"key\":", "\"v\":"},
+			TestAppFactory:  testAppFactory,
+			BeforeTestFunc: func(t testing.TB, app *pbTests.TestApp, e *core.ServeEvent) {
+				beszelTests.CreateUser(app, "user@test.com", "password123")
+			},
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, scenario := range scenarios {
+		scenario.Test(t)
+	}
+}
+
 func TestTrustedHeaderMiddleware(t *testing.T) {
 	var hubs []*beszelTests.TestHub
 

internal/hub/systems/system.go

@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ import (
 	"strings"
 	"time"
 
+	"github.com/henrygd/beszel/internal/common"
 	"github.com/henrygd/beszel/internal/hub/ws"
 
 	"github.com/henrygd/beszel/internal/entities/system"
@@ -107,7 +108,7 @@ func (sys *System) update() error {
 		sys.handlePaused()
 		return nil
 	}
-	data, err := sys.fetchDataFromAgent()
+	data, err := sys.fetchDataFromAgent(common.DataRequestOptions{CacheTimeMs: uint16(interval)})
 	if err == nil {
 		_, err = sys.createRecords(data)
 	}
@@ -209,13 +210,13 @@ func (sys *System) getContext() (context.Context, context.CancelFunc) {
 
 // fetchDataFromAgent attempts to fetch data from the agent,
 // prioritizing WebSocket if available.
-func (sys *System) fetchDataFromAgent() (*system.CombinedData, error) {
+func (sys *System) fetchDataFromAgent(options common.DataRequestOptions) (*system.CombinedData, error) {
 	if sys.data == nil {
 		sys.data = &system.CombinedData{}
 	}
 
 	if sys.WsConn != nil && sys.WsConn.IsConnected() {
-		wsData, err := sys.fetchDataViaWebSocket()
+		wsData, err := sys.fetchDataViaWebSocket(options)
 		if err == nil {
 			return wsData, nil
 		}
@@ -223,18 +224,18 @@ func (sys *System) fetchDataFromAgent() (*system.CombinedData, error) {
 		sys.closeWebSocketConnection()
 	}
 
-	sshData, err := sys.fetchDataViaSSH()
+	sshData, err := sys.fetchDataViaSSH(options)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
 	return sshData, nil
 }
 
-func (sys *System) fetchDataViaWebSocket() (*system.CombinedData, error) {
+func (sys *System) fetchDataViaWebSocket(options common.DataRequestOptions) (*system.CombinedData, error) {
 	if sys.WsConn == nil || !sys.WsConn.IsConnected() {
 		return nil, errors.New("no websocket connection")
 	}
-	err := sys.WsConn.RequestSystemData(sys.data)
+	err := sys.WsConn.RequestSystemData(context.Background(), sys.data, options)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
@@ -244,7 +245,7 @@ func (sys *System) fetchDataViaWebSocket() (*system.CombinedData, error) {
 // fetchDataViaSSH handles fetching data using SSH.
 // This function encapsulates the original SSH logic.
 // It updates sys.data directly upon successful fetch.
-func (sys *System) fetchDataViaSSH() (*system.CombinedData, error) {
+func (sys *System) fetchDataViaSSH(options common.DataRequestOptions) (*system.CombinedData, error) {
 	maxRetries := 1
 	for attempt := 0; attempt <= maxRetries; attempt++ {
 		if sys.client == nil || sys.Status == down {
@@ -269,12 +270,31 @@ func (sys *System) fetchDataViaSSH() (*system.CombinedData, error) {
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, err
 		}
+		stdin, stdinErr := session.StdinPipe()
 		if err := session.Shell(); err != nil {
 			return nil, err
 		}
 
 		*sys.data = system.CombinedData{}
 
+		if sys.agentVersion.GTE(beszel.MinVersionAgentResponse) && stdinErr == nil {
+			req := common.HubRequest[any]{Action: common.GetData, Data: options}
+			_ = cbor.NewEncoder(stdin).Encode(req)
+			// Close write side to signal end of request
+			_ = stdin.Close()
+
+			var resp common.AgentResponse
+			if decErr := cbor.NewDecoder(stdout).Decode(&resp); decErr == nil && resp.SystemData != nil {
+				*sys.data = *resp.SystemData
+				// wait for the session to complete
+				if err := session.Wait(); err != nil {
+					return nil, err
+				}
+				return sys.data, nil
+			}
+			// If decoding failed, fall back below
+		}
+
 		if sys.agentVersion.GTE(beszel.MinVersionCbor) {
 			err = cbor.NewDecoder(stdout).Decode(sys.data)
 		} else {
@@ -379,11 +399,11 @@ func extractAgentVersion(versionString string) (semver.Version, error) {
 }
 
 // getJitter returns a channel that will be triggered after a random delay
-// between 40% and 90% of the interval.
+// between 51% and 95% of the interval.
 // This is used to stagger the initial WebSocket connections to prevent clustering.
 func getJitter() <-chan time.Time {
-	minPercent := 40
-	maxPercent := 90
+	minPercent := 51
+	maxPercent := 95
 	jitterRange := maxPercent - minPercent
 	msDelay := (interval * minPercent / 100) + rand.Intn(interval*jitterRange/100)
 	return time.After(time.Duration(msDelay) * time.Millisecond)

internal/hub/systems/system_manager.go

@@ -106,6 +106,8 @@ func (sm *SystemManager) bindEventHooks() {
 	sm.hub.OnRecordAfterUpdateSuccess("systems").BindFunc(sm.onRecordAfterUpdateSuccess)
 	sm.hub.OnRecordAfterDeleteSuccess("systems").BindFunc(sm.onRecordAfterDeleteSuccess)
 	sm.hub.OnRecordAfterUpdateSuccess("fingerprints").BindFunc(sm.onTokenRotated)
+	sm.hub.OnRealtimeSubscribeRequest().BindFunc(sm.onRealtimeSubscribeRequest)
+	sm.hub.OnRealtimeConnectRequest().BindFunc(sm.onRealtimeConnectRequest)
 }
 
 // onTokenRotated handles fingerprint token rotation events.

internal/hub/systems/system_realtime.go

@@ -0,0 +1,187 @@
+package systems
+
+import (
+	"encoding/json"
+	"strings"
+	"sync"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/henrygd/beszel/internal/common"
+	"github.com/pocketbase/pocketbase/core"
+	"github.com/pocketbase/pocketbase/tools/subscriptions"
+)
+
+type subscriptionInfo struct {
+	subscription     string
+	connectedClients uint8
+}
+
+var (
+	activeSubscriptions = make(map[string]*subscriptionInfo)
+	workerRunning       bool
+	realtimeTicker      *time.Ticker
+	tickerStopChan      chan struct{}
+	realtimeMutex       sync.Mutex
+)
+
+// onRealtimeConnectRequest handles client connection events for realtime subscriptions.
+// It cleans up existing subscriptions when a client connects.
+func (sm *SystemManager) onRealtimeConnectRequest(e *core.RealtimeConnectRequestEvent) error {
+	// after e.Next() is the client disconnection
+	e.Next()
+	subscriptions := e.Client.Subscriptions()
+	for k := range subscriptions {
+		sm.removeRealtimeSubscription(k, subscriptions[k])
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// onRealtimeSubscribeRequest handles client subscription events for realtime metrics.
+// It tracks new subscriptions and unsubscriptions to manage the realtime worker lifecycle.
+func (sm *SystemManager) onRealtimeSubscribeRequest(e *core.RealtimeSubscribeRequestEvent) error {
+	oldSubs := e.Client.Subscriptions()
+	// after e.Next() is the result of the subscribe request
+	err := e.Next()
+	newSubs := e.Client.Subscriptions()
+
+	// handle new subscriptions
+	for k, options := range newSubs {
+		if _, ok := oldSubs[k]; !ok {
+			if strings.HasPrefix(k, "rt_metrics") {
+				systemId := options.Query["system"]
+				if _, ok := activeSubscriptions[systemId]; !ok {
+					activeSubscriptions[systemId] = &subscriptionInfo{
+						subscription: k,
+					}
+				}
+				activeSubscriptions[systemId].connectedClients += 1
+				sm.onRealtimeSubscriptionAdded()
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	// handle unsubscriptions
+	for k := range oldSubs {
+		if _, ok := newSubs[k]; !ok {
+			sm.removeRealtimeSubscription(k, oldSubs[k])
+		}
+	}
+
+	return err
+}
+
+// onRealtimeSubscriptionAdded initializes or starts the realtime worker when the first subscription is added.
+// It ensures only one worker runs at a time and creates the ticker for periodic data fetching.
+func (sm *SystemManager) onRealtimeSubscriptionAdded() {
+	realtimeMutex.Lock()
+	defer realtimeMutex.Unlock()
+
+	// Start the worker if it's not already running
+	if !workerRunning {
+		workerRunning = true
+		// Create a new stop channel for this worker instance
+		tickerStopChan = make(chan struct{})
+		go sm.startRealtimeWorker()
+	}
+
+	// If no ticker exists, create one
+	if realtimeTicker == nil {
+		realtimeTicker = time.NewTicker(1 * time.Second)
+	}
+}
+
+// checkSubscriptions stops the realtime worker when there are no active subscriptions.
+// This prevents unnecessary resource usage when no clients are listening for realtime data.
+func (sm *SystemManager) checkSubscriptions() {
+	if !workerRunning || len(activeSubscriptions) > 0 {
+		return
+	}
+
+	realtimeMutex.Lock()
+	defer realtimeMutex.Unlock()
+
+	// Signal the worker to stop
+	if tickerStopChan != nil {
+		select {
+		case tickerStopChan <- struct{}{}:
+		default:
+		}
+	}
+
+	if realtimeTicker != nil {
+		realtimeTicker.Stop()
+		realtimeTicker = nil
+	}
+
+	// Mark worker as stopped (will be reset when next subscription comes in)
+	workerRunning = false
+}
+
+// removeRealtimeSubscription removes a realtime subscription and checks if the worker should be stopped.
+// It only processes subscriptions with the "rt_metrics" prefix and triggers cleanup when subscriptions are removed.
+func (sm *SystemManager) removeRealtimeSubscription(subscription string, options subscriptions.SubscriptionOptions) {
+	if strings.HasPrefix(subscription, "rt_metrics") {
+		systemId := options.Query["system"]
+		if info, ok := activeSubscriptions[systemId]; ok {
+			info.connectedClients -= 1
+			if info.connectedClients <= 0 {
+				delete(activeSubscriptions, systemId)
+			}
+		}
+		sm.checkSubscriptions()
+	}
+}
+
+// startRealtimeWorker runs the main loop for fetching realtime data from agents.
+// It continuously fetches system data and broadcasts it to subscribed clients via WebSocket.
+func (sm *SystemManager) startRealtimeWorker() {
+	sm.fetchRealtimeDataAndNotify()
+
+	for {
+		select {
+		case <-tickerStopChan:
+			return
+		case <-realtimeTicker.C:
+			// Check if ticker is still valid (might have been stopped)
+			if realtimeTicker == nil || len(activeSubscriptions) == 0 {
+				return
+			}
+			// slog.Debug("activeSubscriptions", "count", len(activeSubscriptions))
+			sm.fetchRealtimeDataAndNotify()
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// fetchRealtimeDataAndNotify fetches realtime data for all active subscriptions and notifies the clients.
+func (sm *SystemManager) fetchRealtimeDataAndNotify() {
+	for systemId, info := range activeSubscriptions {
+		system, ok := sm.systems.GetOk(systemId)
+		if ok {
+			go func() {
+				data, err := system.fetchDataFromAgent(common.DataRequestOptions{CacheTimeMs: 1000})
+				if err != nil {
+					return
+				}
+				bytes, err := json.Marshal(data)
+				if err == nil {
+					notify(sm.hub, info.subscription, bytes)
+				}
+			}()
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// notify broadcasts realtime data to all clients subscribed to a specific subscription.
+// It iterates through all connected clients and sends the data only to those with matching subscriptions.
+func notify(app core.App, subscription string, data []byte) error {
+	message := subscriptions.Message{
+		Name: subscription,
+		Data: data,
+	}
+	for _, client := range app.SubscriptionsBroker().Clients() {
+		if !client.HasSubscription(subscription) {
+			continue
+		}
+		client.Send(message)
+	}
+	return nil
+}

internal/hub/update.go

@@ -22,6 +22,12 @@ func Update(cmd *cobra.Command, _ []string) {
 	// Check if china-mirrors flag is set
 	useMirror, _ := cmd.Flags().GetBool("china-mirrors")
 
+	// Get the executable path before update
+	exePath, err := os.Executable()
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
 	updated, err := ghupdate.Update(ghupdate.Config{
 		ArchiveExecutable: "beszel",
 		DataDir:           dataDir,
@@ -35,11 +41,8 @@ func Update(cmd *cobra.Command, _ []string) {
 	}
 
 	// make sure the file is executable
-	exePath, err := os.Executable()
-	if err == nil {
-		if err := os.Chmod(exePath, 0755); err != nil {
-			fmt.Printf("Warning: failed to set executable permissions: %v\n", err)
-		}
+	if err := os.Chmod(exePath, 0755); err != nil {
+		fmt.Printf("Warning: failed to set executable permissions: %v\n", err)
 	}
 
 	// Try to restart the service if it's running

internal/hub/ws/handlers.go

@@ -0,0 +1,107 @@
+package ws
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"errors"
+
+	"github.com/fxamacker/cbor/v2"
+	"github.com/henrygd/beszel/internal/common"
+	"github.com/henrygd/beszel/internal/entities/system"
+	"github.com/lxzan/gws"
+	"golang.org/x/crypto/ssh"
+)
+
+// ResponseHandler defines interface for handling agent responses
+type ResponseHandler interface {
+	Handle(agentResponse common.AgentResponse) error
+	HandleLegacy(rawData []byte) error
+}
+
+// BaseHandler provides a default implementation that can be embedded to make HandleLegacy optional
+// type BaseHandler struct{}
+
+// func (h *BaseHandler) HandleLegacy(rawData []byte) error {
+// 	return errors.New("legacy format not supported")
+// }
+
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+// systemDataHandler implements ResponseHandler for system data requests
+type systemDataHandler struct {
+	data *system.CombinedData
+}
+
+func (h *systemDataHandler) HandleLegacy(rawData []byte) error {
+	return cbor.Unmarshal(rawData, h.data)
+}
+
+func (h *systemDataHandler) Handle(agentResponse common.AgentResponse) error {
+	if agentResponse.SystemData != nil {
+		*h.data = *agentResponse.SystemData
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// RequestSystemData requests system metrics from the agent and unmarshals the response.
+func (ws *WsConn) RequestSystemData(ctx context.Context, data *system.CombinedData, options common.DataRequestOptions) error {
+	if !ws.IsConnected() {
+		return gws.ErrConnClosed
+	}
+
+	req, err := ws.requestManager.SendRequest(ctx, common.GetData, options)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	handler := &systemDataHandler{data: data}
+	return ws.handleAgentRequest(req, handler)
+}
+
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+// fingerprintHandler implements ResponseHandler for fingerprint requests
+type fingerprintHandler struct {
+	result *common.FingerprintResponse
+}
+
+func (h *fingerprintHandler) HandleLegacy(rawData []byte) error {
+	return cbor.Unmarshal(rawData, h.result)
+}
+
+func (h *fingerprintHandler) Handle(agentResponse common.AgentResponse) error {
+	if agentResponse.Fingerprint != nil {
+		*h.result = *agentResponse.Fingerprint
+		return nil
+	}
+	return errors.New("no fingerprint data in response")
+}
+
+// GetFingerprint authenticates with the agent using SSH signature and returns the agent's fingerprint.
+func (ws *WsConn) GetFingerprint(ctx context.Context, token string, signer ssh.Signer, needSysInfo bool) (common.FingerprintResponse, error) {
+	if !ws.IsConnected() {
+		return common.FingerprintResponse{}, gws.ErrConnClosed
+	}
+
+	challenge := []byte(token)
+	signature, err := signer.Sign(nil, challenge)
+	if err != nil {
+		return common.FingerprintResponse{}, err
+	}
+
+	req, err := ws.requestManager.SendRequest(ctx, common.CheckFingerprint, common.FingerprintRequest{
+		Signature:   signature.Blob,
+		NeedSysInfo: needSysInfo,
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		return common.FingerprintResponse{}, err
+	}
+
+	var result common.FingerprintResponse
+	handler := &fingerprintHandler{result: &result}
+	err = ws.handleAgentRequest(req, handler)
+	return result, err
+}

internal/hub/ws/request_manager.go

@@ -0,0 +1,186 @@
+package ws
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+	"sync"
+	"sync/atomic"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/fxamacker/cbor/v2"
+	"github.com/henrygd/beszel/internal/common"
+	"github.com/lxzan/gws"
+)
+
+// RequestID uniquely identifies a request
+type RequestID uint32
+
+// PendingRequest tracks an in-flight request
+type PendingRequest struct {
+	ID         RequestID
+	ResponseCh chan *gws.Message
+	Context    context.Context
+	Cancel     context.CancelFunc
+	CreatedAt  time.Time
+}
+
+// RequestManager handles concurrent requests to an agent
+type RequestManager struct {
+	sync.RWMutex
+	conn        *gws.Conn
+	pendingReqs map[RequestID]*PendingRequest
+	nextID      atomic.Uint32
+}
+
+// NewRequestManager creates a new request manager for a WebSocket connection
+func NewRequestManager(conn *gws.Conn) *RequestManager {
+	rm := &RequestManager{
+		conn:        conn,
+		pendingReqs: make(map[RequestID]*PendingRequest),
+	}
+	return rm
+}
+
+// SendRequest sends a request and returns a channel for the response
+func (rm *RequestManager) SendRequest(ctx context.Context, action common.WebSocketAction, data any) (*PendingRequest, error) {
+	reqID := RequestID(rm.nextID.Add(1))
+
+	reqCtx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(ctx, 5*time.Second)
+
+	req := &PendingRequest{
+		ID:         reqID,
+		ResponseCh: make(chan *gws.Message, 1),
+		Context:    reqCtx,
+		Cancel:     cancel,
+		CreatedAt:  time.Now(),
+	}
+
+	rm.Lock()
+	rm.pendingReqs[reqID] = req
+	rm.Unlock()
+
+	hubReq := common.HubRequest[any]{
+		Id:     (*uint32)(&reqID),
+		Action: action,
+		Data:   data,
+	}
+
+	// Send the request
+	if err := rm.sendMessage(hubReq); err != nil {
+		rm.cancelRequest(reqID)
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to send request: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	// Start cleanup watcher for timeout/cancellation
+	go rm.cleanupRequest(req)
+
+	return req, nil
+}
+
+// sendMessage encodes and sends a message over WebSocket
+func (rm *RequestManager) sendMessage(data any) error {
+	if rm.conn == nil {
+		return gws.ErrConnClosed
+	}
+
+	bytes, err := cbor.Marshal(data)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to marshal request: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	return rm.conn.WriteMessage(gws.OpcodeBinary, bytes)
+}
+
+// handleResponse processes a single response message
+func (rm *RequestManager) handleResponse(message *gws.Message) {
+	var response common.AgentResponse
+	if err := cbor.Unmarshal(message.Data.Bytes(), &response); err != nil {
+		// Legacy response without ID - route to first pending request of any type
+		rm.routeLegacyResponse(message)
+		return
+	}
+
+	reqID := RequestID(*response.Id)
+
+	rm.RLock()
+	req, exists := rm.pendingReqs[reqID]
+	rm.RUnlock()
+
+	if !exists {
+		// Request not found (might have timed out) - close the message
+		message.Close()
+		return
+	}
+
+	select {
+	case req.ResponseCh <- message:
+		// Message successfully delivered - the receiver will close it
+		rm.deleteRequest(reqID)
+	case <-req.Context.Done():
+		// Request was cancelled/timed out - close the message
+		message.Close()
+	}
+}
+
+// routeLegacyResponse handles responses that don't have request IDs (backwards compatibility)
+func (rm *RequestManager) routeLegacyResponse(message *gws.Message) {
+	// Snapshot the oldest pending request without holding the lock during send
+	rm.RLock()
+	var oldestReq *PendingRequest
+	for _, req := range rm.pendingReqs {
+		if oldestReq == nil || req.CreatedAt.Before(oldestReq.CreatedAt) {
+			oldestReq = req
+		}
+	}
+	rm.RUnlock()
+
+	if oldestReq != nil {
+		select {
+		case oldestReq.ResponseCh <- message:
+			// Message successfully delivered - the receiver will close it
+			rm.deleteRequest(oldestReq.ID)
+		case <-oldestReq.Context.Done():
+			// Request was cancelled - close the message
+			message.Close()
+		}
+	} else {
+		// No pending requests - close the message
+		message.Close()
+	}
+}
+
+// cleanupRequest handles request timeout and cleanup
+func (rm *RequestManager) cleanupRequest(req *PendingRequest) {
+	<-req.Context.Done()
+	rm.cancelRequest(req.ID)
+}
+
+// cancelRequest removes a request and cancels its context
+func (rm *RequestManager) cancelRequest(reqID RequestID) {
+	rm.Lock()
+	defer rm.Unlock()
+
+	if req, exists := rm.pendingReqs[reqID]; exists {
+		req.Cancel()
+		delete(rm.pendingReqs, reqID)
+	}
+}
+
+// deleteRequest removes a request from the pending map without cancelling its context.
+func (rm *RequestManager) deleteRequest(reqID RequestID) {
+	rm.Lock()
+	defer rm.Unlock()
+	delete(rm.pendingReqs, reqID)
+}
+
+// Close shuts down the request manager
+func (rm *RequestManager) Close() {
+	rm.Lock()
+	defer rm.Unlock()
+
+	// Cancel all pending requests
+	for _, req := range rm.pendingReqs {
+		req.Cancel()
+	}
+	rm.pendingReqs = make(map[RequestID]*PendingRequest)
+}

internal/hub/ws/request_manager_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+//go:build testing
+// +build testing
+
+package ws
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+)
+
+// TestRequestManager_BasicFunctionality tests the request manager without mocking gws.Conn
+func TestRequestManager_BasicFunctionality(t *testing.T) {
+	// We'll test the core logic without mocking the connection
+	// since the gws.Conn interface is complex to mock properly
+
+	t.Run("request ID generation", func(t *testing.T) {
+		// Test that request IDs are generated sequentially and uniquely
+		rm := &RequestManager{}
+
+		// Simulate multiple ID generations
+		id1 := rm.nextID.Add(1)
+		id2 := rm.nextID.Add(1)
+		id3 := rm.nextID.Add(1)
+
+		assert.NotEqual(t, id1, id2)
+		assert.NotEqual(t, id2, id3)
+		assert.Greater(t, id2, id1)
+		assert.Greater(t, id3, id2)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("pending request tracking", func(t *testing.T) {
+		rm := &RequestManager{
+			pendingReqs: make(map[RequestID]*PendingRequest),
+		}
+
+		// Initially no pending requests
+		assert.Equal(t, 0, rm.GetPendingCount())
+
+		// Add some fake pending requests
+		ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(context.Background())
+		defer cancel()
+
+		req1 := &PendingRequest{
+			ID:      RequestID(1),
+			Context: ctx,
+			Cancel:  cancel,
+		}
+		req2 := &PendingRequest{
+			ID:      RequestID(2),
+			Context: ctx,
+			Cancel:  cancel,
+		}
+
+		rm.pendingReqs[req1.ID] = req1
+		rm.pendingReqs[req2.ID] = req2
+
+		assert.Equal(t, 2, rm.GetPendingCount())
+
+		// Remove one
+		delete(rm.pendingReqs, req1.ID)
+		assert.Equal(t, 1, rm.GetPendingCount())
+
+		// Remove all
+		delete(rm.pendingReqs, req2.ID)
+		assert.Equal(t, 0, rm.GetPendingCount())
+	})
+
+	t.Run("context cancellation", func(t *testing.T) {
+		ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 1*time.Millisecond)
+		defer cancel()
+
+		// Wait for context to timeout
+		<-ctx.Done()
+
+		// Verify context was cancelled
+		assert.Equal(t, context.DeadlineExceeded, ctx.Err())
+	})
+}

internal/hub/ws/ws.go

@@ -5,13 +5,13 @@ import (
 	"time"
 	"weak"
 
-	"github.com/henrygd/beszel/internal/entities/system"
+	"github.com/blang/semver"
+	"github.com/henrygd/beszel"
 
 	"github.com/henrygd/beszel/internal/common"
 
 	"github.com/fxamacker/cbor/v2"
 	"github.com/lxzan/gws"
-	"golang.org/x/crypto/ssh"
 )
 
 const (
@@ -25,9 +25,10 @@ type Handler struct {
 
 // WsConn represents a WebSocket connection to an agent.
 type WsConn struct {
-	conn         *gws.Conn
-	responseChan chan *gws.Message
-	DownChan     chan struct{}
+	conn           *gws.Conn
+	requestManager *RequestManager
+	DownChan       chan struct{}
+	agentVersion   semver.Version
 }
 
 // FingerprintRecord is fingerprints collection record data in the hub
@@ -50,21 +51,22 @@ func GetUpgrader() *gws.Upgrader {
 	return upgrader
 }
 
-// NewWsConnection creates a new WebSocket connection wrapper.
-func NewWsConnection(conn *gws.Conn) *WsConn {
+// NewWsConnection creates a new WebSocket connection wrapper with agent version.
+func NewWsConnection(conn *gws.Conn, agentVersion semver.Version) *WsConn {
 	return &WsConn{
-		conn:         conn,
-		responseChan: make(chan *gws.Message, 1),
-		DownChan:     make(chan struct{}, 1),
+		conn:           conn,
+		requestManager: NewRequestManager(conn),
+		DownChan:       make(chan struct{}, 1),
+		agentVersion:   agentVersion,
 	}
 }
 
-// OnOpen sets a deadline for the WebSocket connection.
+// OnOpen sets a deadline for the WebSocket connection and extracts agent version.
 func (h *Handler) OnOpen(conn *gws.Conn) {
 	conn.SetDeadline(time.Now().Add(deadline))
 }
 
-// OnMessage routes incoming WebSocket messages to the response channel.
+// OnMessage routes incoming WebSocket messages to the request manager.
 func (h *Handler) OnMessage(conn *gws.Conn, message *gws.Message) {
 	conn.SetDeadline(time.Now().Add(deadline))
 	if message.Opcode != gws.OpcodeBinary || message.Data.Len() == 0 {
@@ -75,12 +77,7 @@ func (h *Handler) OnMessage(conn *gws.Conn, message *gws.Message) {
 		_ = conn.WriteClose(1000, nil)
 		return
 	}
-	select {
-	case wsConn.(*WsConn).responseChan <- message:
-	default:
-		// close if the connection is not expecting a response
-		wsConn.(*WsConn).Close(nil)
-	}
+	wsConn.(*WsConn).requestManager.handleResponse(message)
 }
 
 // OnClose handles WebSocket connection closures and triggers system down status after delay.
@@ -106,6 +103,9 @@ func (ws *WsConn) Close(msg []byte) {
 	if ws.IsConnected() {
 		ws.conn.WriteClose(1000, msg)
 	}
+	if ws.requestManager != nil {
+		ws.requestManager.Close()
+	}
 }
 
 // Ping sends a ping frame to keep the connection alive.
@@ -115,6 +115,7 @@ func (ws *WsConn) Ping() error {
 }
 
 // sendMessage encodes data to CBOR and sends it as a binary message to the agent.
+// This is kept for backwards compatibility but new actions should use RequestManager.
 func (ws *WsConn) sendMessage(data common.HubRequest[any]) error {
 	if ws.conn == nil {
 		return gws.ErrConnClosed
@@ -126,54 +127,34 @@ func (ws *WsConn) sendMessage(data common.HubRequest[any]) error {
 	return ws.conn.WriteMessage(gws.OpcodeBinary, bytes)
 }
 
-// RequestSystemData requests system metrics from the agent and unmarshals the response.
-func (ws *WsConn) RequestSystemData(data *system.CombinedData) error {
-	var message *gws.Message
-
-	ws.sendMessage(common.HubRequest[any]{
-		Action: common.GetData,
-	})
+// handleAgentRequest processes a request to the agent, handling both legacy and new formats.
+func (ws *WsConn) handleAgentRequest(req *PendingRequest, handler ResponseHandler) error {
+	// Wait for response
 	select {
-	case <-time.After(10 * time.Second):
-		ws.Close(nil)
-		return gws.ErrConnClosed
-	case message = <-ws.responseChan:
+	case message := <-req.ResponseCh:
+		defer message.Close()
+		// Cancel request context to stop timeout watcher promptly
+		defer req.Cancel()
+		data := message.Data.Bytes()
+
+		// Legacy format - unmarshal directly
+		if ws.agentVersion.LT(beszel.MinVersionAgentResponse) {
+			return handler.HandleLegacy(data)
+		}
+
+		// New format with AgentResponse wrapper
+		var agentResponse common.AgentResponse
+		if err := cbor.Unmarshal(data, &agentResponse); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		if agentResponse.Error != "" {
+			return errors.New(agentResponse.Error)
+		}
+		return handler.Handle(agentResponse)
+
+	case <-req.Context.Done():
+		return req.Context.Err()
 	}
-	defer message.Close()
-	return cbor.Unmarshal(message.Data.Bytes(), data)
-}
-
-// GetFingerprint authenticates with the agent using SSH signature and returns the agent's fingerprint.
-func (ws *WsConn) GetFingerprint(token string, signer ssh.Signer, needSysInfo bool) (common.FingerprintResponse, error) {
-	var clientFingerprint common.FingerprintResponse
-	challenge := []byte(token)
-
-	signature, err := signer.Sign(nil, challenge)
-	if err != nil {
-		return clientFingerprint, err
-	}
-
-	err = ws.sendMessage(common.HubRequest[any]{
-		Action: common.CheckFingerprint,
-		Data: common.FingerprintRequest{
-			Signature:   signature.Blob,
-			NeedSysInfo: needSysInfo,
-		},
-	})
-	if err != nil {
-		return clientFingerprint, err
-	}
-
-	var message *gws.Message
-	select {
-	case message = <-ws.responseChan:
-	case <-time.After(10 * time.Second):
-		return clientFingerprint, errors.New("request expired")
-	}
-	defer message.Close()
-
-	err = cbor.Unmarshal(message.Data.Bytes(), &clientFingerprint)
-	return clientFingerprint, err
 }
 
 // IsConnected returns true if the WebSocket connection is active.

internal/hub/ws/ws_test.go

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ import (
 	"testing"
 	"time"
 
+	"github.com/blang/semver"
 	"github.com/henrygd/beszel/internal/common"
 
 	"github.com/fxamacker/cbor/v2"
@@ -36,26 +37,25 @@ func TestGetUpgrader(t *testing.T) {
 // TestNewWsConnection tests WebSocket connection creation
 func TestNewWsConnection(t *testing.T) {
 	// We can't easily mock gws.Conn, so we'll pass nil and test the structure
-	wsConn := NewWsConnection(nil)
+	wsConn := NewWsConnection(nil, semver.MustParse("0.12.10"))
 
 	assert.NotNil(t, wsConn, "WebSocket connection should not be nil")
 	assert.Nil(t, wsConn.conn, "Connection should be nil as passed")
-	assert.NotNil(t, wsConn.responseChan, "Response channel should be initialized")
+	assert.NotNil(t, wsConn.requestManager, "Request manager should be initialized")
 	assert.NotNil(t, wsConn.DownChan, "Down channel should be initialized")
-	assert.Equal(t, 1, cap(wsConn.responseChan), "Response channel should have capacity of 1")
 	assert.Equal(t, 1, cap(wsConn.DownChan), "Down channel should have capacity of 1")
 }
 
 // TestWsConn_IsConnected tests the connection status check
 func TestWsConn_IsConnected(t *testing.T) {
 	// Test with nil connection
-	wsConn := NewWsConnection(nil)
+	wsConn := NewWsConnection(nil, semver.MustParse("0.12.10"))
 	assert.False(t, wsConn.IsConnected(), "Should not be connected when conn is nil")
 }
 
 // TestWsConn_Close tests the connection closing with nil connection
 func TestWsConn_Close(t *testing.T) {
-	wsConn := NewWsConnection(nil)
+	wsConn := NewWsConnection(nil, semver.MustParse("0.12.10"))
 
 	// Should handle nil connection gracefully
 	assert.NotPanics(t, func() {
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ func TestWsConn_Close(t *testing.T) {
 
 // TestWsConn_SendMessage_CBOR tests CBOR encoding in sendMessage
 func TestWsConn_SendMessage_CBOR(t *testing.T) {
-	wsConn := NewWsConnection(nil)
+	wsConn := NewWsConnection(nil, semver.MustParse("0.12.10"))
 
 	testData := common.HubRequest[any]{
 		Action: common.GetData,
@@ -194,7 +194,7 @@ func TestHandler(t *testing.T) {
 
 // TestWsConnChannelBehavior tests channel behavior without WebSocket connections
 func TestWsConnChannelBehavior(t *testing.T) {
-	wsConn := NewWsConnection(nil)
+	wsConn := NewWsConnection(nil, semver.MustParse("0.12.10"))
 
 	// Test that channels are properly initialized and can be used
 	select {
@@ -212,11 +212,6 @@ func TestWsConnChannelBehavior(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Error("Should be able to read from DownChan")
 	}
 
-	// Response channel should be empty initially
-	select {
-	case <-wsConn.responseChan:
-		t.Error("Response channel should be empty initially")
-	default:
-		// Expected - channel should be empty
-	}
+	// Request manager should have no pending requests initially
+	assert.Equal(t, 0, wsConn.requestManager.GetPendingCount(), "Should have no pending requests initially")
 }

internal/hub/ws/ws_test_helpers.go

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+//go:build testing
+// +build testing
+
+package ws
+
+// GetPendingCount returns the number of pending requests (for monitoring)
+func (rm *RequestManager) GetPendingCount() int {
+	rm.RLock()
+	defer rm.RUnlock()
+	return len(rm.pendingReqs)
+}

internal/migrations/1758738789_fix_cached_mem.go

@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+package migrations
+
+import (
+	"github.com/henrygd/beszel/internal/entities/system"
+	"github.com/pocketbase/pocketbase/core"
+	m "github.com/pocketbase/pocketbase/migrations"
+)
+
+// This can be deleted after Nov 2025 or so
+
+func init() {
+	m.Register(func(app core.App) error {
+		app.RunInTransaction(func(txApp core.App) error {
+			var systemIds []string
+			txApp.DB().NewQuery("SELECT id FROM systems").Column(&systemIds)
+
+			for _, systemId := range systemIds {
+				var statRecordIds []string
+				txApp.DB().NewQuery("SELECT id FROM system_stats WHERE system = {:system} AND created > {:created}").Bind(map[string]any{"system": systemId, "created": "2025-09-21"}).Column(&statRecordIds)
+
+				for _, statRecordId := range statRecordIds {
+					statRecord, err := txApp.FindRecordById("system_stats", statRecordId)
+					if err != nil {
+						return err
+					}
+					var systemStats system.Stats
+					err = statRecord.UnmarshalJSONField("stats", &systemStats)
+					if err != nil {
+						return err
+					}
+					// if mem buff cache is less than total mem, we don't need to fix it
+					if systemStats.MemBuffCache < systemStats.Mem {
+						continue
+					}
+					systemStats.MemBuffCache = 0
+					statRecord.Set("stats", systemStats)
+					err = txApp.SaveNoValidate(statRecord)
+					if err != nil {
+						return err
+					}
+				}
+			}
+
+			return nil
+		})
+		return nil
+	}, func(app core.App) error {
+		return nil
+	})
+}

internal/records/records.go

@@ -213,6 +213,8 @@ func (rm *RecordManager) AverageSystemStats(db dbx.Builder, records RecordIds) *
 		sum.LoadAvg[2] += stats.LoadAvg[2]
 		sum.Bandwidth[0] += stats.Bandwidth[0]
 		sum.Bandwidth[1] += stats.Bandwidth[1]
+		sum.DiskIO[0] += stats.DiskIO[0]
+		sum.DiskIO[1] += stats.DiskIO[1]
 		batterySum += int(stats.Battery[0])
 		sum.Battery[1] = stats.Battery[1]
 		// Set peak values
@@ -224,6 +226,21 @@ func (rm *RecordManager) AverageSystemStats(db dbx.Builder, records RecordIds) *
 		sum.MaxDiskWritePs = max(sum.MaxDiskWritePs, stats.MaxDiskWritePs, stats.DiskWritePs)
 		sum.MaxBandwidth[0] = max(sum.MaxBandwidth[0], stats.MaxBandwidth[0], stats.Bandwidth[0])
 		sum.MaxBandwidth[1] = max(sum.MaxBandwidth[1], stats.MaxBandwidth[1], stats.Bandwidth[1])
+		sum.MaxDiskIO[0] = max(sum.MaxDiskIO[0], stats.MaxDiskIO[0], stats.DiskIO[0])
+		sum.MaxDiskIO[1] = max(sum.MaxDiskIO[1], stats.MaxDiskIO[1], stats.DiskIO[1])
+
+		// Accumulate network interfaces
+		if sum.NetworkInterfaces == nil {
+			sum.NetworkInterfaces = make(map[string][4]uint64, len(stats.NetworkInterfaces))
+		}
+		for key, value := range stats.NetworkInterfaces {
+			sum.NetworkInterfaces[key] = [4]uint64{
+				sum.NetworkInterfaces[key][0] + value[0],
+				sum.NetworkInterfaces[key][1] + value[1],
+				max(sum.NetworkInterfaces[key][2], value[2]),
+				max(sum.NetworkInterfaces[key][3], value[3]),
+			}
+		}
 
 		// Accumulate temperatures
 		if stats.Temperatures != nil {
@@ -271,6 +288,16 @@ func (rm *RecordManager) AverageSystemStats(db dbx.Builder, records RecordIds) *
 				gpu.Usage += value.Usage
 				gpu.Power += value.Power
 				gpu.Count += value.Count
+
+				if value.Engines != nil {
+					if gpu.Engines == nil {
+						gpu.Engines = make(map[string]float64, len(value.Engines))
+					}
+					for engineKey, engineValue := range value.Engines {
+						gpu.Engines[engineKey] += engineValue
+					}
+				}
+
 				sum.GPUData[id] = gpu
 			}
 		}
@@ -291,6 +318,8 @@ func (rm *RecordManager) AverageSystemStats(db dbx.Builder, records RecordIds) *
 		sum.DiskPct = twoDecimals(sum.DiskPct / count)
 		sum.DiskReadPs = twoDecimals(sum.DiskReadPs / count)
 		sum.DiskWritePs = twoDecimals(sum.DiskWritePs / count)
+		sum.DiskIO[0] = sum.DiskIO[0] / uint64(count)
+		sum.DiskIO[1] = sum.DiskIO[1] / uint64(count)
 		sum.NetworkSent = twoDecimals(sum.NetworkSent / count)
 		sum.NetworkRecv = twoDecimals(sum.NetworkRecv / count)
 		sum.LoadAvg[0] = twoDecimals(sum.LoadAvg[0] / count)
@@ -299,6 +328,19 @@ func (rm *RecordManager) AverageSystemStats(db dbx.Builder, records RecordIds) *
 		sum.Bandwidth[0] = sum.Bandwidth[0] / uint64(count)
 		sum.Bandwidth[1] = sum.Bandwidth[1] / uint64(count)
 		sum.Battery[0] = uint8(batterySum / int(count))
+
+		// Average network interfaces
+		if sum.NetworkInterfaces != nil {
+			for key := range sum.NetworkInterfaces {
+				sum.NetworkInterfaces[key] = [4]uint64{
+					sum.NetworkInterfaces[key][0] / uint64(count),
+					sum.NetworkInterfaces[key][1] / uint64(count),
+					sum.NetworkInterfaces[key][2],
+					sum.NetworkInterfaces[key][3],
+				}
+			}
+		}
+
 		// Average temperatures
 		if sum.Temperatures != nil && tempCount > 0 {
 			for key := range sum.Temperatures {
@@ -327,6 +369,13 @@ func (rm *RecordManager) AverageSystemStats(db dbx.Builder, records RecordIds) *
 				gpu.Usage = twoDecimals(gpu.Usage / count)
 				gpu.Power = twoDecimals(gpu.Power / count)
 				gpu.Count = twoDecimals(gpu.Count / count)
+
+				if gpu.Engines != nil {
+					for engineKey := range gpu.Engines {
+						gpu.Engines[engineKey] = twoDecimals(gpu.Engines[engineKey] / count)
+					}
+				}
+
 				sum.GPUData[id] = gpu
 			}
 		}

internal/records/records_test.go

@@ -175,7 +175,7 @@ func TestDeleteOldSystemStats(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 
 	// Run deletion
-	err = records.TestDeleteOldSystemStats(hub)
+	err = records.DeleteOldSystemStats(hub)
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 
 	// Verify results
@@ -268,7 +268,7 @@ func TestDeleteOldAlertsHistory(t *testing.T) {
 			assert.Equal(t, int64(tc.alertCount), countBefore, "Initial count should match")
 
 			// Run deletion
-			err = records.TestDeleteOldAlertsHistory(hub, tc.countToKeep, tc.countBeforeDeletion)
+			err = records.DeleteOldAlertsHistory(hub, tc.countToKeep, tc.countBeforeDeletion)
 			require.NoError(t, err)
 
 			// Count after deletion
@@ -332,7 +332,7 @@ func TestDeleteOldAlertsHistoryEdgeCases(t *testing.T) {
 		}
 
 		// Should not error and should not delete anything
-		err = records.TestDeleteOldAlertsHistory(hub, 10, 20)
+		err = records.DeleteOldAlertsHistory(hub, 10, 20)
 		require.NoError(t, err)
 
 		count, err := hub.CountRecords("alerts_history")
@@ -346,7 +346,7 @@ func TestDeleteOldAlertsHistoryEdgeCases(t *testing.T) {
 		require.NoError(t, err)
 
 		// Should not error with empty table
-		err = records.TestDeleteOldAlertsHistory(hub, 10, 20)
+		err = records.DeleteOldAlertsHistory(hub, 10, 20)
 		require.NoError(t, err)
 	})
 }
@@ -376,7 +376,7 @@ func TestTwoDecimals(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 
 	for _, tc := range testCases {
-		result := records.TestTwoDecimals(tc.input)
+		result := records.TwoDecimals(tc.input)
 		assert.InDelta(t, tc.expected, result, 0.02, "twoDecimals(%f) should equal %f", tc.input, tc.expected)
 	}
 }

internal/records/records_test_helpers.go

@@ -7,17 +7,17 @@ import (
 	"github.com/pocketbase/pocketbase/core"
 )
 
-// TestDeleteOldSystemStats exposes deleteOldSystemStats for testing
-func TestDeleteOldSystemStats(app core.App) error {
+// DeleteOldSystemStats exposes deleteOldSystemStats for testing
+func DeleteOldSystemStats(app core.App) error {
 	return deleteOldSystemStats(app)
 }
 
-// TestDeleteOldAlertsHistory exposes deleteOldAlertsHistory for testing
-func TestDeleteOldAlertsHistory(app core.App, countToKeep, countBeforeDeletion int) error {
+// DeleteOldAlertsHistory exposes deleteOldAlertsHistory for testing
+func DeleteOldAlertsHistory(app core.App, countToKeep, countBeforeDeletion int) error {
 	return deleteOldAlertsHistory(app, countToKeep, countBeforeDeletion)
 }
 
-// TestTwoDecimals exposes twoDecimals for testing
-func TestTwoDecimals(value float64) float64 {
+// TwoDecimals exposes twoDecimals for testing
+func TwoDecimals(value float64) float64 {
 	return twoDecimals(value)
 }

internal/site/biome.json

@@ -1,38 +1,83 @@
 {
 	"$schema": "https://biomejs.dev/schemas/2.2.3/schema.json",
 	"vcs": {
-		"enabled": false,
+		"enabled": true,
 		"clientKind": "git",
-		"useIgnoreFile": false
-	},
-	"files": {
-		"ignoreUnknown": false
+		"useIgnoreFile": true,
+		"defaultBranch": "main"
 	},
 	"formatter": {
 		"enabled": true,
 		"indentStyle": "tab",
-		"indentWidth": 2,
-		"lineWidth": 120
+		"lineWidth": 120,
+		"formatWithErrors": true
 	},
+	"assist": { "actions": { "source": { "organizeImports": "on" } } },
 	"linter": {
 		"enabled": true,
 		"rules": {
-			"recommended": true
+			"recommended": true,
+			"complexity": {
+				"noUselessStringConcat": "error",
+				"noUselessUndefinedInitialization": "error",
+				"noVoid": "error",
+				"useDateNow": "error"
+			},
+			"correctness": {
+				"noConstantMathMinMaxClamp": "error",
+				"noUndeclaredVariables": "error",
+				"noUnusedImports": "error",
+				"noUnusedFunctionParameters": "error",
+				"noUnusedPrivateClassMembers": "error",
+				"useExhaustiveDependencies": {
+					"level": "error",
+					"options": {
+						"reportUnnecessaryDependencies": false
+					}
+				},
+				"noUnusedVariables": "error"
+			},
+			"style": {
+				"noParameterProperties": "error",
+				"noYodaExpression": "error",
+				"useConsistentBuiltinInstantiation": "error",
+				"useFragmentSyntax": "error",
+				"useShorthandAssign": "error",
+				"useArrayLiterals": "error"
+			},
+			"suspicious": {
+				"useAwait": "error",
+				"noEvolvingTypes": "error"
+			}
 		}
 	},
 	"javascript": {
 		"formatter": {
 			"quoteStyle": "double",
-			"semicolons": "asNeeded",
-			"trailingCommas": "es5"
+			"trailingCommas": "es5",
+			"semicolons": "asNeeded"
 		}
 	},
-	"assist": {
-		"enabled": true,
-		"actions": {
-			"source": {
-				"organizeImports": "on"
+	"overrides": [
+		{
+			"includes": ["**/*.jsx", "**/*.tsx"],
+			"linter": {
+				"rules": {
+					"style": {
+						"noParameterAssign": "error"
+					}
+				}
+			}
+		},
+		{
+			"includes": ["**/*.ts", "**/*.tsx"],
+			"linter": {
+				"rules": {
+					"correctness": {
+						"noUnusedVariables": "off"
+					}
+				}
 			}
 		}
-	}
-}
+	]
+}

internal/site/index.html

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
 		<link rel="manifest" href="./static/manifest.json" />
 		<link rel="icon" type="image/svg+xml" href="./static/favicon.svg" />
 		<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0,maximum-scale=1.0, user-scalable=no, viewport-fit=cover" />
+		<meta name="robots" content="noindex, nofollow" />
 		<title>Beszel</title>
 		<script>
 			globalThis.BESZEL = {

internal/site/package-lock.json

@@ -1,12 +1,12 @@
 {
 	"name": "beszel",
-	"version": "0.12.7",
+	"version": "0.13.1",
 	"lockfileVersion": 3,
 	"requires": true,
 	"packages": {
 		"": {
 			"name": "beszel",
-			"version": "0.12.7",
+			"version": "0.13.1",
 			"dependencies": {
 				"@henrygd/queue": "^1.0.7",
 				"@henrygd/semaphore": "^0.0.2",
@@ -46,6 +46,7 @@
 				"valibot": "^0.42.1"
 			},
 			"devDependencies": {
+				"@biomejs/biome": "2.2.3",
 				"@lingui/cli": "^5.4.1",
 				"@lingui/swc-plugin": "^5.6.1",
 				"@lingui/vite-plugin": "^5.4.1",
@@ -330,6 +331,169 @@
 				"node": ">=6.9.0"
 			}
 		},
+		"node_modules/@biomejs/biome": {
+			"version": "2.2.3",
+			"resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@biomejs/biome/-/biome-2.2.3.tgz",
+			"integrity": "sha512-9w0uMTvPrIdvUrxazZ42Ib7t8Y2yoGLKLdNne93RLICmaHw7mcLv4PPb5LvZLJF3141gQHiCColOh/v6VWlWmg==",
+			"dev": true,
+			"license": "MIT OR Apache-2.0",
+			"bin": {
+				"biome": "bin/biome"
+			},
+			"engines": {
+				"node": ">=14.21.3"
+			},
+			"funding": {
+				"type": "opencollective",
+				"url": "https://opencollective.com/biome"
+			},
+			"optionalDependencies": {
+				"@biomejs/cli-darwin-arm64": "2.2.3",
+				"@biomejs/cli-darwin-x64": "2.2.3",
+				"@biomejs/cli-linux-arm64": "2.2.3",
+				"@biomejs/cli-linux-arm64-musl": "2.2.3",
+				"@biomejs/cli-linux-x64": "2.2.3",
+				"@biomejs/cli-linux-x64-musl": "2.2.3",
+				"@biomejs/cli-win32-arm64": "2.2.3",
+				"@biomejs/cli-win32-x64": "2.2.3"
+			}
+		},
+		"node_modules/@biomejs/cli-darwin-arm64": {
+			"version": "2.2.3",
+			"resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@biomejs/cli-darwin-arm64/-/cli-darwin-arm64-2.2.3.tgz",
+			"integrity": "sha512-OrqQVBpadB5eqzinXN4+Q6honBz+tTlKVCsbEuEpljK8ASSItzIRZUA02mTikl3H/1nO2BMPFiJ0nkEZNy3B1w==",
+			"cpu": [
+				"arm64"
+			],
+			"dev": true,
+			"license": "MIT OR Apache-2.0",
+			"optional": true,
+			"os": [
+				"darwin"
+			],
+			"engines": {
+				"node": ">=14.21.3"
+			}
+		},
+		"node_modules/@biomejs/cli-darwin-x64": {
+			"version": "2.2.3",
+			"resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@biomejs/cli-darwin-x64/-/cli-darwin-x64-2.2.3.tgz",
+			"integrity": "sha512-OCdBpb1TmyfsTgBAM1kPMXyYKTohQ48WpiN9tkt9xvU6gKVKHY4oVwteBebiOqyfyzCNaSiuKIPjmHjUZ2ZNMg==",
+			"cpu": [
+				"x64"
+			],
+			"dev": true,
+			"license": "MIT OR Apache-2.0",
+			"optional": true,
+			"os": [
+				"darwin"
+			],
+			"engines": {
+				"node": ">=14.21.3"
+			}
+		},
+		"node_modules/@biomejs/cli-linux-arm64": {
+			"version": "2.2.3",
+			"resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@biomejs/cli-linux-arm64/-/cli-linux-arm64-2.2.3.tgz",
+			"integrity": "sha512-g/Uta2DqYpECxG+vUmTAmUKlVhnGEcY7DXWgKP8ruLRa8Si1QHsWknPY3B/wCo0KgYiFIOAZ9hjsHfNb9L85+g==",
+			"cpu": [
+				"arm64"
+			],
+			"dev": true,
+			"license": "MIT OR Apache-2.0",
+			"optional": true,
+			"os": [
+				"linux"
+			],
+			"engines": {
+				"node": ">=14.21.3"
+			}
+		},
+		"node_modules/@biomejs/cli-linux-arm64-musl": {
+			"version": "2.2.3",
+			"resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@biomejs/cli-linux-arm64-musl/-/cli-linux-arm64-musl-2.2.3.tgz",
+			"integrity": "sha512-q3w9jJ6JFPZPeqyvwwPeaiS/6NEszZ+pXKF+IczNo8Xj6fsii45a4gEEicKyKIytalV+s829ACZujQlXAiVLBQ==",
+			"cpu": [
+				"arm64"
+			],
+			"dev": true,
+			"license": "MIT OR Apache-2.0",
+			"optional": true,
+			"os": [
+				"linux"
+			],
+			"engines": {
+				"node": ">=14.21.3"
+			}
+		},
+		"node_modules/@biomejs/cli-linux-x64": {
+			"version": "2.2.3",
+			"resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@biomejs/cli-linux-x64/-/cli-linux-x64-2.2.3.tgz",
+			"integrity": "sha512-LEtyYL1fJsvw35CxrbQ0gZoxOG3oZsAjzfRdvRBRHxOpQ91Q5doRVjvWW/wepgSdgk5hlaNzfeqpyGmfSD0Eyw==",
+			"cpu": [
+				"x64"
+			],
+			"dev": true,
+			"license": "MIT OR Apache-2.0",
+			"optional": true,
+			"os": [
+				"linux"
+			],
+			"engines": {
+				"node": ">=14.21.3"
+			}
+		},
+		"node_modules/@biomejs/cli-linux-x64-musl": {
+			"version": "2.2.3",
+			"resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@biomejs/cli-linux-x64-musl/-/cli-linux-x64-musl-2.2.3.tgz",
+			"integrity": "sha512-y76Dn4vkP1sMRGPFlNc+OTETBhGPJ90jY3il6jAfur8XWrYBQV3swZ1Jo0R2g+JpOeeoA0cOwM7mJG6svDz79w==",
+			"cpu": [
+				"x64"
+			],
+			"dev": true,
+			"license": "MIT OR Apache-2.0",
+			"optional": true,
+			"os": [
+				"linux"
+			],
+			"engines": {
+				"node": ">=14.21.3"
+			}
+		},
+		"node_modules/@biomejs/cli-win32-arm64": {
+			"version": "2.2.3",
+			"resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@biomejs/cli-win32-arm64/-/cli-win32-arm64-2.2.3.tgz",
+			"integrity": "sha512-Ms9zFYzjcJK7LV+AOMYnjN3pV3xL8Prxf9aWdDVL74onLn5kcvZ1ZMQswE5XHtnd/r/0bnUd928Rpbs14BzVmA==",
+			"cpu": [
+				"arm64"
+			],
+			"dev": true,
+			"license": "MIT OR Apache-2.0",
+			"optional": true,
+			"os": [
+				"win32"
+			],
+			"engines": {
+				"node": ">=14.21.3"
+			}
+		},
+		"node_modules/@biomejs/cli-win32-x64": {
+			"version": "2.2.3",
+			"resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@biomejs/cli-win32-x64/-/cli-win32-x64-2.2.3.tgz",
+			"integrity": "sha512-gvCpewE7mBwBIpqk1YrUqNR4mCiyJm6UI3YWQQXkedSSEwzRdodRpaKhbdbHw1/hmTWOVXQ+Eih5Qctf4TCVOQ==",
+			"cpu": [
+				"x64"
+			],
+			"dev": true,
+			"license": "MIT OR Apache-2.0",
+			"optional": true,
+			"os": [
+				"win32"
+			],
+			"engines": {
+				"node": ">=14.21.3"
+			}
+		},
 		"node_modules/@esbuild/aix-ppc64": {
 			"version": "0.25.6",
 			"resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@esbuild/aix-ppc64/-/aix-ppc64-0.25.6.tgz",
@@ -5763,14 +5927,14 @@
 			"license": "MIT"
 		},
 		"node_modules/tinyglobby": {
-			"version": "0.2.14",
-			"resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/tinyglobby/-/tinyglobby-0.2.14.tgz",
-			"integrity": "sha512-tX5e7OM1HnYr2+a2C/4V0htOcSQcoSTH9KgJnVvNm5zm/cyEWKJ7j7YutsH9CxMdtOkkLFy2AHrMci9IM8IPZQ==",
+			"version": "0.2.15",
+			"resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/tinyglobby/-/tinyglobby-0.2.15.tgz",
+			"integrity": "sha512-j2Zq4NyQYG5XMST4cbs02Ak8iJUdxRM0XI5QyxXuZOzKOINmWurp3smXu3y5wDcJrptwpSjgXHzIQxR0omXljQ==",
 			"dev": true,
 			"license": "MIT",
 			"dependencies": {
-				"fdir": "^6.4.4",
-				"picomatch": "^4.0.2"
+				"fdir": "^6.5.0",
+				"picomatch": "^4.0.3"
 			},
 			"engines": {
 				"node": ">=12.0.0"
@@ -5957,9 +6121,9 @@
 			}
 		},
 		"node_modules/vite": {
-			"version": "7.1.3",
-			"resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/vite/-/vite-7.1.3.tgz",
-			"integrity": "sha512-OOUi5zjkDxYrKhTV3V7iKsoS37VUM7v40+HuwEmcrsf11Cdx9y3DIr2Px6liIcZFwt3XSRpQvFpL3WVy7ApkGw==",
+			"version": "7.1.5",
+			"resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/vite/-/vite-7.1.5.tgz",
+			"integrity": "sha512-4cKBO9wR75r0BeIWWWId9XK9Lj6La5X846Zw9dFfzMRw38IlTk2iCcUt6hsyiDRcPidc55ZParFYDXi0nXOeLQ==",
 			"dev": true,
 			"license": "MIT",
 			"dependencies": {
@@ -5968,7 +6132,7 @@
 				"picomatch": "^4.0.3",
 				"postcss": "^8.5.6",
 				"rollup": "^4.43.0",
-				"tinyglobby": "^0.2.14"
+				"tinyglobby": "^0.2.15"
 			},
 			"bin": {
 				"vite": "bin/vite.js"

internal/site/package.json

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 {
 	"name": "beszel",
 	"private": true,
-	"version": "0.12.7",
+	"version": "0.13.1",
 	"type": "module",
 	"scripts": {
 		"dev": "vite --host",
@@ -76,4 +76,4 @@
 	"optionalDependencies": {
 		"@esbuild/linux-arm64": "^0.21.5"
 	}
-}
+}

internal/site/src/components/add-system.tsx

@@ -1,5 +1,9 @@
-import { Trans } from "@lingui/react/macro"
 import { t } from "@lingui/core/macro"
+import { Trans } from "@lingui/react/macro"
+import { useStore } from "@nanostores/react"
+import { getPagePath } from "@nanostores/router"
+import { ChevronDownIcon, ExternalLinkIcon, PlusIcon } from "lucide-react"
+import { memo, useEffect, useRef, useState } from "react"
 import { Button } from "@/components/ui/button"
 import {
 	Dialog,
@@ -10,34 +14,30 @@ import {
 	DialogTitle,
 	DialogTrigger,
 } from "@/components/ui/dialog"
-import { Tabs, TabsContent, TabsList, TabsTrigger } from "@/components/ui/tabs"
 import { Input } from "@/components/ui/input"
 import { Label } from "@/components/ui/label"
+import { Tabs, TabsContent, TabsList, TabsTrigger } from "@/components/ui/tabs"
+import { isReadOnlyUser, pb } from "@/lib/api"
+import { SystemStatus } from "@/lib/enums"
 import { $publicKey } from "@/lib/stores"
 import { cn, generateToken, tokenMap, useBrowserStorage } from "@/lib/utils"
-import { pb, isReadOnlyUser } from "@/lib/api"
-import { useStore } from "@nanostores/react"
-import { ChevronDownIcon, ExternalLinkIcon, PlusIcon } from "lucide-react"
-import { memo, useEffect, useRef, useState } from "react"
-import { $router, basePath, Link, navigate } from "./router"
-import { SystemRecord } from "@/types"
-import { SystemStatus } from "@/lib/enums"
-import { AppleIcon, DockerIcon, TuxIcon, WindowsIcon } from "./ui/icons"
-import { InputCopy } from "./ui/input-copy"
-import { getPagePath } from "@nanostores/router"
+import type { SystemRecord } from "@/types"
 import {
 	copyDockerCompose,
 	copyDockerRun,
 	copyLinuxCommand,
 	copyWindowsCommand,
-	DropdownItem,
+	type DropdownItem,
 	InstallDropdown,
 } from "./install-dropdowns"
+import { $router, basePath, Link, navigate } from "./router"
 import { DropdownMenu, DropdownMenuTrigger } from "./ui/dropdown-menu"
+import { AppleIcon, DockerIcon, FreeBsdIcon, TuxIcon, WindowsIcon } from "./ui/icons"
+import { InputCopy } from "./ui/input-copy"
 
 export function AddSystemButton({ className }: { className?: string }) {
 	const [open, setOpen] = useState(false)
-	let opened = useRef(false)
+	const opened = useRef(false)
 	if (open) {
 		opened.current = true
 	}
@@ -253,6 +253,12 @@ export const SystemDialog = ({ setOpen, system }: { setOpen: (open: boolean) =>
 											copyWindowsCommand(isUnixSocket ? hostValue : port.current?.value, publicKey, token),
 										icons: [WindowsIcon],
 									},
+									{
+										text: t({ message: "FreeBSD command", context: "Button to copy install command" }),
+										onClick: async () =>
+											copyLinuxCommand(isUnixSocket ? hostValue : port.current?.value, publicKey, token),
+										icons: [FreeBsdIcon],
+									},
 									{
 										text: t`Manual setup instructions`,
 										url: "https://beszel.dev/guide/agent-installation#binary",

internal/site/src/components/alerts-history-columns.tsx

@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
-import { ColumnDef } from "@tanstack/react-table"
-import { AlertsHistoryRecord } from "@/types"
-import { Button } from "@/components/ui/button"
-import { Badge } from "@/components/ui/badge"
-import { formatShortDate, toFixedFloat, formatDuration, cn } from "@/lib/utils"
-import { alertInfo } from "@/lib/alerts"
-import { Trans } from "@lingui/react/macro"
 import { t } from "@lingui/core/macro"
+import { Trans } from "@lingui/react/macro"
+import type { ColumnDef } from "@tanstack/react-table"
+import { Badge } from "@/components/ui/badge"
+import { Button } from "@/components/ui/button"
+import { alertInfo } from "@/lib/alerts"
+import { cn, formatDuration, formatShortDate, toFixedFloat } from "@/lib/utils"
+import type { AlertsHistoryRecord } from "@/types"
 
 export const alertsHistoryColumns: ColumnDef<AlertsHistoryRecord>[] = [
 	{
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ export const alertsHistoryColumns: ColumnDef<AlertsHistoryRecord>[] = [
 			</Button>
 		),
 		cell: ({ getValue, row }) => {
-			let name = getValue() as string
+			const name = getValue() as string
 			const info = alertInfo[row.original.name]
 			const Icon = info?.icon
 

internal/site/src/components/alerts/alert-button.tsx

@@ -1,13 +1,13 @@
 import { t } from "@lingui/core/macro"
-import { memo, useMemo, useState } from "react"
 import { useStore } from "@nanostores/react"
-import { $alerts } from "@/lib/stores"
 import { BellIcon } from "lucide-react"
-import { cn } from "@/lib/utils"
+import { memo, useMemo, useState } from "react"
 import { Button } from "@/components/ui/button"
-import { SystemRecord } from "@/types"
-import { AlertDialogContent } from "./alerts-sheet"
 import { Sheet, SheetContent, SheetTrigger } from "@/components/ui/sheet"
+import { $alerts } from "@/lib/stores"
+import { cn } from "@/lib/utils"
+import type { SystemRecord } from "@/types"
+import { AlertDialogContent } from "./alerts-sheet"
 
 export default memo(function AlertsButton({ system }: { system: SystemRecord }) {
 	const [opened, setOpened] = useState(false)

internal/site/src/components/alerts/alerts-sheet.tsx

@@ -1,21 +1,20 @@
 import { t } from "@lingui/core/macro"
-import { Trans, Plural } from "@lingui/react/macro"
-import { $alerts, $systems } from "@/lib/stores"
-import { cn, debounce } from "@/lib/utils"
-import { alertInfo } from "@/lib/alerts"
-import { Switch } from "@/components/ui/switch"
-import { AlertInfo, AlertRecord, SystemRecord } from "@/types"
-import { lazy, memo, Suspense, useMemo, useState } from "react"
-import { toast } from "@/components/ui/use-toast"
+import { Plural, Trans } from "@lingui/react/macro"
 import { useStore } from "@nanostores/react"
 import { getPagePath } from "@nanostores/router"
-import { Checkbox } from "@/components/ui/checkbox"
-import { DialogTitle, DialogDescription } from "@/components/ui/dialog"
-import { Tabs, TabsList, TabsTrigger, TabsContent } from "@/components/ui/tabs"
-import { ServerIcon, GlobeIcon } from "lucide-react"
+import { GlobeIcon, ServerIcon } from "lucide-react"
+import { lazy, memo, Suspense, useMemo, useState } from "react"
 import { $router, Link } from "@/components/router"
-import { DialogHeader } from "@/components/ui/dialog"
+import { Checkbox } from "@/components/ui/checkbox"
+import { DialogDescription, DialogHeader, DialogTitle } from "@/components/ui/dialog"
+import { Switch } from "@/components/ui/switch"
+import { Tabs, TabsContent, TabsList, TabsTrigger } from "@/components/ui/tabs"
+import { toast } from "@/components/ui/use-toast"
+import { alertInfo } from "@/lib/alerts"
 import { pb } from "@/lib/api"
+import { $alerts, $systems } from "@/lib/stores"
+import { cn, debounce } from "@/lib/utils"
+import type { AlertInfo, AlertRecord, SystemRecord } from "@/types"
 
 const Slider = lazy(() => import("@/components/ui/slider"))
 
@@ -172,7 +171,7 @@ export function AlertContent({
 
 	const [checked, setChecked] = useState(global ? false : !!alert)
 	const [min, setMin] = useState(alert?.min || 10)
-	const [value, setValue] = useState(alert?.value || (singleDescription ? 0 : alertData.start ?? 80))
+	const [value, setValue] = useState(alert?.value || (singleDescription ? 0 : (alertData.start ?? 80)))
 
 	const Icon = alertData.icon
 

internal/site/src/components/charts/area-chart.tsx

@@ -1,9 +1,16 @@
-import { Area, AreaChart, CartesianGrid, YAxis } from "recharts"
-import { ChartContainer, ChartTooltip, ChartTooltipContent, xAxis } from "@/components/ui/chart"
-import { cn, formatShortDate, chartMargin } from "@/lib/utils"
-import { useYAxisWidth } from "./hooks"
-import { ChartData, SystemStatsRecord } from "@/types"
 import { useMemo } from "react"
+import { Area, AreaChart, CartesianGrid, YAxis } from "recharts"
+import {
+	ChartContainer,
+	ChartLegend,
+	ChartLegendContent,
+	ChartTooltip,
+	ChartTooltipContent,
+	xAxis,
+} from "@/components/ui/chart"
+import { chartMargin, cn, formatShortDate } from "@/lib/utils"
+import type { ChartData, SystemStatsRecord } from "@/types"
+import { useYAxisWidth } from "./hooks"
 
 export type DataPoint = {
 	label: string
@@ -20,6 +27,8 @@ export default function AreaChartDefault({
 	contentFormatter,
 	dataPoints,
 	domain,
+	legend,
+	itemSorter,
 }: // logRender = false,
 {
 	chartData: ChartData
@@ -29,10 +38,13 @@ export default function AreaChartDefault({
 	contentFormatter: ({ value, payload }: { value: number; payload: SystemStatsRecord }) => string
 	dataPoints?: DataPoint[]
 	domain?: [number, number]
+	legend?: boolean
+	itemSorter?: (a: any, b: any) => number
 	// logRender?: boolean
 }) {
 	const { yAxisWidth, updateYAxisWidth } = useYAxisWidth()
 
+	// biome-ignore lint/correctness/useExhaustiveDependencies: ignore
 	return useMemo(() => {
 		if (chartData.systemStats.length === 0) {
 			return null
@@ -63,6 +75,8 @@ export default function AreaChartDefault({
 						<ChartTooltip
 							animationEasing="ease-out"
 							animationDuration={150}
+							// @ts-expect-error
+							itemSorter={itemSorter}
 							content={
 								<ChartTooltipContent
 									labelFormatter={(_, data) => formatShortDate(data[0].payload.created)}
@@ -70,11 +84,14 @@ export default function AreaChartDefault({
 								/>
 							}
 						/>
-						{dataPoints?.map((dataPoint, i) => {
-							const color = `var(--chart-${dataPoint.color})`
+						{dataPoints?.map((dataPoint) => {
+							let { color } = dataPoint
+							if (typeof color === "number") {
+								color = `var(--chart-${color})`
+							}
 							return (
 								<Area
-									key={i}
+									key={dataPoint.label}
 									dataKey={dataPoint.dataKey}
 									name={dataPoint.label}
 									type="monotoneX"
@@ -85,7 +102,7 @@ export default function AreaChartDefault({
 								/>
 							)
 						})}
-						{/* <ChartLegend content={<ChartLegendContent />} /> */}
+						{legend && <ChartLegend content={<ChartLegendContent />} />}
 					</AreaChart>
 				</ChartContainer>
 			</div>

internal/site/src/components/charts/chart-time-select.tsx

@@ -1,13 +1,28 @@
-import { Select, SelectContent, SelectItem, SelectTrigger, SelectValue } from "@/components/ui/select"
-import { $chartTime } from "@/lib/stores"
-import { chartTimeData, cn } from "@/lib/utils"
-import { ChartTimes } from "@/types"
 import { useStore } from "@nanostores/react"
 import { HistoryIcon } from "lucide-react"
+import { Select, SelectContent, SelectItem, SelectTrigger, SelectValue } from "@/components/ui/select"
+import { $chartTime } from "@/lib/stores"
+import { chartTimeData, cn, compareSemVer, parseSemVer } from "@/lib/utils"
+import type { ChartTimes, SemVer } from "@/types"
+import { memo } from "react"
 
-export default function ChartTimeSelect({ className }: { className?: string }) {
+export default memo(function ChartTimeSelect({
+	className,
+	agentVersion,
+}: {
+	className?: string
+	agentVersion: SemVer
+}) {
 	const chartTime = useStore($chartTime)
 
+	// remove chart times that are not supported by the system agent version
+	const availableChartTimes = Object.entries(chartTimeData).filter(([_, { minVersion }]) => {
+		if (!minVersion) {
+			return true
+		}
+		return compareSemVer(agentVersion, parseSemVer(minVersion)) >= 0
+	})
+
 	return (
 		<Select defaultValue="1h" value={chartTime} onValueChange={(value: ChartTimes) => $chartTime.set(value)}>
 			<SelectTrigger className={cn(className, "relative ps-10 pe-5")}>
@@ -15,7 +30,7 @@ export default function ChartTimeSelect({ className }: { className?: string }) {
 				<SelectValue />
 			</SelectTrigger>
 			<SelectContent>
-				{Object.entries(chartTimeData).map(([value, { label }]) => (
+				{availableChartTimes.map(([value, { label }]) => (
 					<SelectItem key={value} value={value}>
 						{label()}
 					</SelectItem>
@@ -23,4 +38,4 @@ export default function ChartTimeSelect({ className }: { className?: string }) {
 			</SelectContent>
 		</Select>
 	)
-}
+})

internal/site/src/components/charts/container-chart.tsx

@@ -1,13 +1,13 @@
-import { Area, AreaChart, CartesianGrid, YAxis } from "recharts"
-import { type ChartConfig, ChartContainer, ChartTooltip, ChartTooltipContent, xAxis } from "@/components/ui/chart"
-import { memo, useMemo } from "react"
-import { cn, formatShortDate, chartMargin, toFixedFloat, formatBytes, decimalString } from "@/lib/utils"
 // import Spinner from '../spinner'
 import { useStore } from "@nanostores/react"
+import { memo, useMemo } from "react"
+import { Area, AreaChart, CartesianGrid, YAxis } from "recharts"
+import { type ChartConfig, ChartContainer, ChartTooltip, ChartTooltipContent, xAxis } from "@/components/ui/chart"
+import { ChartType, Unit } from "@/lib/enums"
 import { $containerFilter, $userSettings } from "@/lib/stores"
+import { chartMargin, cn, decimalString, formatBytes, formatShortDate, toFixedFloat } from "@/lib/utils"
 import type { ChartData } from "@/types"
 import { Separator } from "../ui/separator"
-import { ChartType, Unit } from "@/lib/enums"
 import { useYAxisWidth } from "./hooks"
 
 export default memo(function ContainerChart({

internal/site/src/components/charts/disk-chart.tsx

@@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
+import { useLingui } from "@lingui/react/macro"
+import { memo } from "react"
 import { Area, AreaChart, CartesianGrid, YAxis } from "recharts"
 import { ChartContainer, ChartTooltip, ChartTooltipContent, xAxis } from "@/components/ui/chart"
-import { cn, formatShortDate, decimalString, chartMargin, formatBytes, toFixedFloat } from "@/lib/utils"
-import { ChartData } from "@/types"
-import { memo } from "react"
-import { useLingui } from "@lingui/react/macro"
 import { Unit } from "@/lib/enums"
+import { chartMargin, cn, decimalString, formatBytes, formatShortDate, toFixedFloat } from "@/lib/utils"
+import type { ChartData } from "@/types"
 import { useYAxisWidth } from "./hooks"
 
 export default memo(function DiskChart({

internal/site/src/components/charts/gpu-power-chart.tsx

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
+import { memo, useMemo } from "react"
 import { CartesianGrid, Line, LineChart, YAxis } from "recharts"
-
 import {
 	ChartContainer,
 	ChartLegend,
@@ -8,48 +8,59 @@ import {
 	ChartTooltipContent,
 	xAxis,
 } from "@/components/ui/chart"
-import { cn, formatShortDate, toFixedFloat, decimalString, chartMargin } from "@/lib/utils"
-import { ChartData } from "@/types"
-import { memo, useMemo } from "react"
+import { chartMargin, cn, decimalString, formatShortDate, toFixedFloat } from "@/lib/utils"
+import type { ChartData, GPUData } from "@/types"
 import { useYAxisWidth } from "./hooks"
+import type { DataPoint } from "./line-chart"
 
 export default memo(function GpuPowerChart({ chartData }: { chartData: ChartData }) {
 	const { yAxisWidth, updateYAxisWidth } = useYAxisWidth()
+	const packageKey = " package"
+
+	const { gpuData, dataPoints } = useMemo(() => {
+		const dataPoints = [] as DataPoint[]
+		const gpuData = [] as Record<string, GPUData | string>[]
+		const addedKeys = new Map<string, number>()
+
+		const addKey = (key: string, value: number) => {
+			addedKeys.set(key, (addedKeys.get(key) ?? 0) + value)
+		}
+
+		for (const stats of chartData.systemStats) {
+			const gpus = stats.stats?.g ?? {}
+			const data = { created: stats.created } as Record<string, GPUData | string>
+			for (const id in gpus) {
+				const gpu = gpus[id] as GPUData
+				data[gpu.n] = gpu
+				addKey(gpu.n, gpu.p ?? 0)
+				if (gpu.pp) {
+					data[`${gpu.n}${packageKey}`] = gpu
+					addKey(`${gpu.n}${packageKey}`, gpu.pp ?? 0)
+				}
+			}
+			gpuData.push(data)
+		}
+		const sortedKeys = Array.from(addedKeys.entries())
+			.sort(([, a], [, b]) => b - a)
+			.map(([key]) => key)
+
+		for (let i = 0; i < sortedKeys.length; i++) {
+			const id = sortedKeys[i]
+			dataPoints.push({
+				label: id,
+				dataKey: (gpuData: Record<string, GPUData>) => {
+					return id.endsWith(packageKey) ? (gpuData[id]?.pp ?? 0) : (gpuData[id]?.p ?? 0)
+				},
+				color: `hsl(${226 + (((i * 360) / addedKeys.size) % 360)}, 65%, 52%)`,
+			})
+		}
+		return { gpuData, dataPoints }
+	}, [chartData])
 
 	if (chartData.systemStats.length === 0) {
 		return null
 	}
 
-	/** Format temperature data for chart and assign colors */
-	const newChartData = useMemo(() => {
-		const newChartData = { data: [], colors: {} } as {
-			data: Record<string, number | string>[]
-			colors: Record<string, string>
-		}
-		const powerSums = {} as Record<string, number>
-		for (let data of chartData.systemStats) {
-			let newData = { created: data.created } as Record<string, number | string>
-
-			for (let gpu of Object.values(data.stats?.g ?? {})) {
-				if (gpu.p) {
-					const name = gpu.n
-					newData[name] = gpu.p
-					powerSums[name] = (powerSums[name] ?? 0) + newData[name]
-				}
-			}
-			newChartData.data.push(newData)
-		}
-		const keys = Object.keys(powerSums).sort((a, b) => powerSums[b] - powerSums[a])
-		for (let key of keys) {
-			newChartData.colors[key] = `hsl(${((keys.indexOf(key) * 360) / keys.length) % 360}, 60%, 55%)`
-		}
-		return newChartData
-	}, [chartData])
-
-	const colors = Object.keys(newChartData.colors)
-
-	// console.log('rendered at', new Date())
-
 	return (
 		<div>
 			<ChartContainer
@@ -57,7 +68,7 @@ export default memo(function GpuPowerChart({ chartData }: { chartData: ChartData
 					"opacity-100": yAxisWidth,
 				})}
 			>
-				<LineChart accessibilityLayer data={newChartData.data} margin={chartMargin}>
+				<LineChart accessibilityLayer data={gpuData} margin={chartMargin}>
 					<CartesianGrid vertical={false} />
 					<YAxis
 						direction="ltr"
@@ -67,7 +78,7 @@ export default memo(function GpuPowerChart({ chartData }: { chartData: ChartData
 						width={yAxisWidth}
 						tickFormatter={(value) => {
 							const val = toFixedFloat(value, 2)
-							return updateYAxisWidth(val + "W")
+							return updateYAxisWidth(`${val}W`)
 						}}
 						tickLine={false}
 						axisLine={false}
@@ -76,29 +87,29 @@ export default memo(function GpuPowerChart({ chartData }: { chartData: ChartData
 					<ChartTooltip
 						animationEasing="ease-out"
 						animationDuration={150}
-						// @ts-ignore
+						// @ts-expect-error
 						itemSorter={(a, b) => b.value - a.value}
 						content={
 							<ChartTooltipContent
 								labelFormatter={(_, data) => formatShortDate(data[0].payload.created)}
-								contentFormatter={(item) => decimalString(item.value) + "W"}
+								contentFormatter={(item) => `${decimalString(item.value)}W`}
 								// indicator="line"
 							/>
 						}
 					/>
-					{colors.map((key) => (
+					{dataPoints.map((dataPoint) => (
 						<Line
-							key={key}
-							dataKey={key}
-							name={key}
+							key={dataPoint.label}
+							dataKey={dataPoint.dataKey}
+							name={dataPoint.label}
 							type="monotoneX"
 							dot={false}
 							strokeWidth={1.5}
-							stroke={newChartData.colors[key]}
+							stroke={dataPoint.color as string}
 							isAnimationActive={false}
 						/>
 					))}
-					{colors.length > 1 && <ChartLegend content={<ChartLegendContent />} />}
+					{dataPoints.length > 1 && <ChartLegend content={<ChartLegendContent />} />}
 				</LineChart>
 			</ChartContainer>
 		</div>

internal/site/src/components/charts/hooks.ts

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { useMemo, useState } from "react"
-import { ChartConfig } from "@/components/ui/chart"
-import { ChartData } from "@/types"
+import type { ChartConfig } from "@/components/ui/chart"
+import type { ChartData, SystemStats, SystemStatsRecord } from "@/types"
 
 /** Chart configurations for CPU, memory, and network usage charts */
 export interface ContainerChartConfigs {
@@ -105,3 +105,21 @@ export function useYAxisWidth() {
 	}
 	return { yAxisWidth, updateYAxisWidth }
 }
+
+// Assures consistent colors for network interfaces
+export function useNetworkInterfaces(interfaces: SystemStats["ni"]) {
+	const keys = Object.keys(interfaces ?? {})
+	const sortedKeys = keys.sort((a, b) => (interfaces?.[b]?.[3] ?? 0) - (interfaces?.[a]?.[3] ?? 0))
+	return {
+		length: sortedKeys.length,
+		data: (index = 3) => {
+			return sortedKeys.map((key) => ({
+				label: key,
+				dataKey: ({ stats }: SystemStatsRecord) => stats?.ni?.[key]?.[index],
+				color: `hsl(${220 + (((sortedKeys.indexOf(key) * 360) / sortedKeys.length) % 360)}, 70%, 50%)`,
+
+				opacity: 0.3,
+			}))
+		},
+	}
+}

internal/site/src/components/charts/line-chart.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,110 @@
+import { useMemo } from "react"
+import { CartesianGrid, Line, LineChart, YAxis } from "recharts"
+import {
+	ChartContainer,
+	ChartLegend,
+	ChartLegendContent,
+	ChartTooltip,
+	ChartTooltipContent,
+	xAxis,
+} from "@/components/ui/chart"
+import { chartMargin, cn, formatShortDate } from "@/lib/utils"
+import type { ChartData, SystemStatsRecord } from "@/types"
+import { useYAxisWidth } from "./hooks"
+
+export type DataPoint = {
+	label: string
+	dataKey: (data: SystemStatsRecord) => number | undefined
+	color: number | string
+}
+
+export default function LineChartDefault({
+	chartData,
+	max,
+	maxToggled,
+	tickFormatter,
+	contentFormatter,
+	dataPoints,
+	domain,
+	legend,
+	itemSorter,
+}: // logRender = false,
+{
+	chartData: ChartData
+	max?: number
+	maxToggled?: boolean
+	tickFormatter: (value: number, index: number) => string
+	contentFormatter: ({ value, payload }: { value: number; payload: SystemStatsRecord }) => string
+	dataPoints?: DataPoint[]
+	domain?: [number, number]
+	legend?: boolean
+	itemSorter?: (a: any, b: any) => number
+	// logRender?: boolean
+}) {
+	const { yAxisWidth, updateYAxisWidth } = useYAxisWidth()
+
+	// biome-ignore lint/correctness/useExhaustiveDependencies: ignore
+	return useMemo(() => {
+		if (chartData.systemStats.length === 0) {
+			return null
+		}
+		// if (logRender) {
+		// 	console.log("Rendered at", new Date())
+		// }
+		return (
+			<div>
+				<ChartContainer
+					className={cn("h-full w-full absolute aspect-auto bg-card opacity-0 transition-opacity", {
+						"opacity-100": yAxisWidth,
+					})}
+				>
+					<LineChart accessibilityLayer data={chartData.systemStats} margin={chartMargin}>
+						<CartesianGrid vertical={false} />
+						<YAxis
+							direction="ltr"
+							orientation={chartData.orientation}
+							className="tracking-tighter"
+							width={yAxisWidth}
+							domain={domain ?? [0, max ?? "auto"]}
+							tickFormatter={(value, index) => updateYAxisWidth(tickFormatter(value, index))}
+							tickLine={false}
+							axisLine={false}
+						/>
+						{xAxis(chartData)}
+						<ChartTooltip
+							animationEasing="ease-out"
+							animationDuration={150}
+							// @ts-expect-error
+							itemSorter={itemSorter}
+							content={
+								<ChartTooltipContent
+									labelFormatter={(_, data) => formatShortDate(data[0].payload.created)}
+									contentFormatter={contentFormatter}
+								/>
+							}
+						/>
+						{dataPoints?.map((dataPoint) => {
+							let { color } = dataPoint
+							if (typeof color === "number") {
+								color = `var(--chart-${color})`
+							}
+							return (
+								<Line
+									key={dataPoint.label}
+									dataKey={dataPoint.dataKey}
+									name={dataPoint.label}
+									type="monotoneX"
+									dot={false}
+									strokeWidth={1.5}
+									stroke={color}
+									isAnimationActive={false}
+								/>
+							)
+						})}
+						{legend && <ChartLegend content={<ChartLegendContent />} />}
+					</LineChart>
+				</ChartContainer>
+			</div>
+		)
+	}, [chartData.systemStats.at(-1), yAxisWidth, maxToggled])
+}

internal/site/src/components/charts/load-average-chart.tsx

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
+import { t } from "@lingui/core/macro"
+import { memo } from "react"
 import { CartesianGrid, Line, LineChart, YAxis } from "recharts"
-
 import {
 	ChartContainer,
 	ChartLegend,
@@ -8,10 +9,8 @@ import {
 	ChartTooltipContent,
 	xAxis,
 } from "@/components/ui/chart"
-import { cn, formatShortDate, toFixedFloat, decimalString, chartMargin } from "@/lib/utils"
-import { ChartData, SystemStats } from "@/types"
-import { memo } from "react"
-import { t } from "@lingui/core/macro"
+import { chartMargin, cn, decimalString, formatShortDate, toFixedFloat } from "@/lib/utils"
+import type { ChartData, SystemStats } from "@/types"
 import { useYAxisWidth } from "./hooks"
 
 export default memo(function LoadAverageChart({ chartData }: { chartData: ChartData }) {
@@ -60,8 +59,6 @@ export default memo(function LoadAverageChart({ chartData }: { chartData: ChartD
 					<ChartTooltip
 						animationEasing="ease-out"
 						animationDuration={150}
-						// @ts-ignore
-						// itemSorter={(a, b) => b.value - a.value}
 						content={
 							<ChartTooltipContent
 								labelFormatter={(_, data) => formatShortDate(data[0].payload.created)}
@@ -71,14 +68,15 @@ export default memo(function LoadAverageChart({ chartData }: { chartData: ChartD
 					/>
 					{keys.map(({ legacy, color, label }, i) => {
 						const dataKey = (value: { stats: SystemStats }) => {
-							if (chartData.agentVersion.patch < 1) {
+							const { minor, patch } = chartData.agentVersion
+							if (minor <= 12 && patch < 1) {
 								return value.stats?.[legacy]
 							}
 							return value.stats?.la?.[i] ?? value.stats?.[legacy]
 						}
 						return (
 							<Line
-								key={i}
+								key={label}
 								dataKey={dataKey}
 								name={label}
 								type="monotoneX"

internal/site/src/components/charts/mem-chart.tsx

@@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
+import { useLingui } from "@lingui/react/macro"
+import { memo } from "react"
 import { Area, AreaChart, CartesianGrid, YAxis } from "recharts"
 import { ChartContainer, ChartTooltip, ChartTooltipContent, xAxis } from "@/components/ui/chart"
-import { cn, decimalString, formatShortDate, chartMargin, formatBytes, toFixedFloat } from "@/lib/utils"
-import { memo } from "react"
-import { ChartData } from "@/types"
-import { useLingui } from "@lingui/react/macro"
 import { Unit } from "@/lib/enums"
+import { chartMargin, cn, decimalString, formatBytes, formatShortDate, toFixedFloat } from "@/lib/utils"
+import type { ChartData } from "@/types"
 import { useYAxisWidth } from "./hooks"
 
 export default memo(function MemChart({ chartData, showMax }: { chartData: ChartData; showMax: boolean }) {
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ export default memo(function MemChart({ chartData, showMax }: { chartData: Chart
 						animationDuration={150}
 						content={
 							<ChartTooltipContent
-								// @ts-ignore
+								// @ts-expect-error
 								itemSorter={(a, b) => a.order - b.order}
 								labelFormatter={(_, data) => formatShortDate(data[0].payload.created)}
 								contentFormatter={({ value }) => {

internal/site/src/components/charts/swap-chart.tsx

@@ -1,12 +1,11 @@
 import { t } from "@lingui/core/macro"
-
+import { useStore } from "@nanostores/react"
+import { memo } from "react"
 import { Area, AreaChart, CartesianGrid, YAxis } from "recharts"
 import { ChartContainer, ChartTooltip, ChartTooltipContent, xAxis } from "@/components/ui/chart"
-import { cn, formatShortDate, decimalString, chartMargin, formatBytes, toFixedFloat } from "@/lib/utils"
-import { ChartData } from "@/types"
-import { memo } from "react"
 import { $userSettings } from "@/lib/stores"
-import { useStore } from "@nanostores/react"
+import { chartMargin, cn, decimalString, formatBytes, formatShortDate, toFixedFloat } from "@/lib/utils"
+import type { ChartData } from "@/types"
 import { useYAxisWidth } from "./hooks"
 
 export default memo(function SwapChart({ chartData }: { chartData: ChartData }) {

internal/site/src/components/charts/temperature-chart.tsx

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
+import { useStore } from "@nanostores/react"
+import { memo, useMemo } from "react"
 import { CartesianGrid, Line, LineChart, YAxis } from "recharts"
-
 import {
 	ChartContainer,
 	ChartLegend,
@@ -8,11 +9,9 @@ import {
 	ChartTooltipContent,
 	xAxis,
 } from "@/components/ui/chart"
-import { cn, formatShortDate, toFixedFloat, chartMargin, formatTemperature, decimalString } from "@/lib/utils"
-import { ChartData } from "@/types"
-import { memo, useMemo } from "react"
 import { $temperatureFilter, $userSettings } from "@/lib/stores"
-import { useStore } from "@nanostores/react"
+import { chartMargin, cn, decimalString, formatShortDate, formatTemperature, toFixedFloat } from "@/lib/utils"
+import type { ChartData } from "@/types"
 import { useYAxisWidth } from "./hooks"
 
 export default memo(function TemperatureChart({ chartData }: { chartData: ChartData }) {
@@ -31,18 +30,18 @@ export default memo(function TemperatureChart({ chartData }: { chartData: ChartD
 			colors: Record<string, string>
 		}
 		const tempSums = {} as Record<string, number>
-		for (let data of chartData.systemStats) {
-			let newData = { created: data.created } as Record<string, number | string>
-			let keys = Object.keys(data.stats?.t ?? {})
+		for (const data of chartData.systemStats) {
+			const newData = { created: data.created } as Record<string, number | string>
+			const keys = Object.keys(data.stats?.t ?? {})
 			for (let i = 0; i < keys.length; i++) {
-				let key = keys[i]
+				const key = keys[i]
 				newData[key] = data.stats.t![key]
 				tempSums[key] = (tempSums[key] ?? 0) + newData[key]
 			}
 			newChartData.data.push(newData)
 		}
 		const keys = Object.keys(tempSums).sort((a, b) => tempSums[b] - tempSums[a])
-		for (let key of keys) {
+		for (const key of keys) {
 			newChartData.colors[key] = `hsl(${((keys.indexOf(key) * 360) / keys.length) % 360}, 60%, 55%)`
 		}
 		return newChartData
@@ -78,7 +77,7 @@ export default memo(function TemperatureChart({ chartData }: { chartData: ChartD
 					<ChartTooltip
 						animationEasing="ease-out"
 						animationDuration={150}
-						// @ts-ignore
+						// @ts-expect-error
 						itemSorter={(a, b) => b.value - a.value}
 						content={
 							<ChartTooltipContent
@@ -93,7 +92,7 @@ export default memo(function TemperatureChart({ chartData }: { chartData: ChartD
 					/>
 					{colors.map((key) => {
 						const filtered = filter && !key.toLowerCase().includes(filter.toLowerCase())
-						let strokeOpacity = filtered ? 0.1 : 1
+						const strokeOpacity = filtered ? 0.1 : 1
 						return (
 							<Line
 								key={key}

internal/site/src/components/command-palette.tsx

@@ -1,3 +1,7 @@
+import { t } from "@lingui/core/macro"
+import { Trans } from "@lingui/react/macro"
+import { getPagePath } from "@nanostores/router"
+import { DialogDescription } from "@radix-ui/react-dialog"
 import {
 	AlertOctagonIcon,
 	BookIcon,
@@ -10,7 +14,7 @@ import {
 	SettingsIcon,
 	UsersIcon,
 } from "lucide-react"
-
+import { memo, useEffect, useMemo } from "react"
 import {
 	CommandDialog,
 	CommandEmpty,
@@ -21,15 +25,10 @@ import {
 	CommandSeparator,
 	CommandShortcut,
 } from "@/components/ui/command"
-import { memo, useEffect, useMemo } from "react"
+import { isAdmin } from "@/lib/api"
 import { $systems } from "@/lib/stores"
 import { getHostDisplayValue, listen } from "@/lib/utils"
 import { $router, basePath, navigate, prependBasePath } from "./router"
-import { Trans } from "@lingui/react/macro"
-import { t } from "@lingui/core/macro"
-import { getPagePath } from "@nanostores/router"
-import { DialogDescription } from "@radix-ui/react-dialog"
-import { isAdmin } from "@/lib/api"
 
 export default memo(function CommandPalette({ open, setOpen }: { open: boolean; setOpen: (open: boolean) => void }) {
 	useEffect(() => {
@@ -66,7 +65,7 @@ export default memo(function CommandPalette({ open, setOpen }: { open: boolean;
 									<CommandItem
 										key={system.id}
 										onSelect={() => {
-											navigate(getPagePath($router, "system", { name: system.name }))
+											navigate(getPagePath($router, "system", { id: system.id }))
 											setOpen(false)
 										}}
 									>

internal/site/src/components/copy-to-clipboard.tsx

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
-import { Trans } from "@lingui/react/macro";
+import { Trans } from "@lingui/react/macro"
 import { useEffect, useMemo, useRef } from "react"
+import { $copyContent } from "@/lib/stores"
 import { Dialog, DialogContent, DialogDescription, DialogHeader, DialogTitle } from "./ui/dialog"
 import { Textarea } from "./ui/textarea"
-import { $copyContent } from "@/lib/stores"
 
 export default function CopyToClipboard({ content }: { content: string }) {
 	return (

internal/site/src/components/install-dropdowns.tsx

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
-import { memo } from "react"
-import { DropdownMenuContent, DropdownMenuItem } from "./ui/dropdown-menu"
-import { copyToClipboard, getHubURL } from "@/lib/utils"
 import { i18n } from "@lingui/core"
+import { memo } from "react"
+import { copyToClipboard, getHubURL } from "@/lib/utils"
+import { DropdownMenuContent, DropdownMenuItem } from "./ui/dropdown-menu"
 
 // const isbeta = beszel.hub_version.includes("beta")
 // const imagetag = isbeta ? ":edge" : ""

internal/site/src/components/lang-toggle.tsx

@@ -1,11 +1,10 @@
+import { useLingui } from "@lingui/react/macro"
 import { LanguagesIcon } from "lucide-react"
-
 import { Button } from "@/components/ui/button"
 import { DropdownMenu, DropdownMenuContent, DropdownMenuItem, DropdownMenuTrigger } from "@/components/ui/dropdown-menu"
+import { dynamicActivate } from "@/lib/i18n"
 import languages from "@/lib/languages"
 import { cn } from "@/lib/utils"
-import { useLingui } from "@lingui/react/macro"
-import { dynamicActivate } from "@/lib/i18n"
 
 export function LangToggle() {
 	const { i18n } = useLingui()

internal/site/src/components/login/auth-form.tsx

@@ -1,19 +1,19 @@
 import { t } from "@lingui/core/macro"
 import { Trans } from "@lingui/react/macro"
-import { cn } from "@/lib/utils"
+import { getPagePath } from "@nanostores/router"
+import { KeyIcon, LoaderCircle, LockIcon, LogInIcon, MailIcon } from "lucide-react"
+import type { AuthMethodsList, AuthProviderInfo, OAuth2AuthConfig } from "pocketbase"
+import { useCallback, useEffect, useState } from "react"
+import * as v from "valibot"
 import { buttonVariants } from "@/components/ui/button"
+import { Dialog, DialogContent, DialogHeader, DialogTitle, DialogTrigger } from "@/components/ui/dialog"
 import { Input } from "@/components/ui/input"
 import { Label } from "@/components/ui/label"
-import { KeyIcon, LoaderCircle, LockIcon, LogInIcon, MailIcon } from "lucide-react"
-import { $authenticated } from "@/lib/stores"
-import * as v from "valibot"
-import { toast } from "../ui/use-toast"
-import { Dialog, DialogContent, DialogTrigger, DialogHeader, DialogTitle } from "@/components/ui/dialog"
-import { useCallback, useEffect, useState } from "react"
-import { AuthMethodsList, AuthProviderInfo, OAuth2AuthConfig } from "pocketbase"
-import { $router, Link, prependBasePath } from "../router"
-import { getPagePath } from "@nanostores/router"
 import { pb } from "@/lib/api"
+import { $authenticated } from "@/lib/stores"
+import { cn } from "@/lib/utils"
+import { $router, Link, prependBasePath } from "../router"
+import { toast } from "../ui/use-toast"
 import { OtpInputForm } from "./otp-forms"
 
 const honeypot = v.literal("")
@@ -83,9 +83,9 @@ export function UserAuthForm({
 				const result = v.safeParse(Schema, data)
 				if (!result.success) {
 					console.log(result)
-					let errors = {}
+					const errors = {}
 					for (const issue of result.issues) {
-						// @ts-ignore
+						// @ts-expect-error
 						errors[issue.path[0].key] = issue.message
 					}
 					setErrors(errors)
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ export function UserAuthForm({
 				if (isFirstRun) {
 					// check that passwords match
 					if (password !== passwordConfirm) {
-						let msg = "Passwords do not match"
+						const msg = "Passwords do not match"
 						setErrors({ passwordConfirm: msg })
 						return
 					}

internal/site/src/components/login/forgot-pass-form.tsx

@@ -1,15 +1,14 @@
-import { Trans } from "@lingui/react/macro"
 import { t } from "@lingui/core/macro"
+import { Trans } from "@lingui/react/macro"
 import { LoaderCircle, MailIcon, SendHorizonalIcon } from "lucide-react"
+import { useCallback, useState } from "react"
+import { pb } from "@/lib/api"
+import { cn } from "@/lib/utils"
+import { buttonVariants } from "../ui/button"
+import { Dialog, DialogContent, DialogHeader, DialogTitle, DialogTrigger } from "../ui/dialog"
 import { Input } from "../ui/input"
 import { Label } from "../ui/label"
-import { useCallback, useState } from "react"
 import { toast } from "../ui/use-toast"
-import { buttonVariants } from "../ui/button"
-import { cn } from "@/lib/utils"
-import { Dialog, DialogHeader } from "../ui/dialog"
-import { DialogContent, DialogTrigger, DialogTitle } from "../ui/dialog"
-import { pb } from "@/lib/api"
 
 const showLoginFaliedToast = () => {
 	toast({

internal/site/src/components/login/login.tsx

@@ -1,14 +1,14 @@
 import { t } from "@lingui/core/macro"
-import { UserAuthForm } from "@/components/login/auth-form"
-import { Logo } from "../logo"
-import { useEffect, useMemo, useState } from "react"
 import { useStore } from "@nanostores/react"
-import ForgotPassword from "./forgot-pass-form"
-import { $router } from "../router"
-import { AuthMethodsList } from "pocketbase"
-import { useTheme } from "../theme-provider"
+import type { AuthMethodsList } from "pocketbase"
+import { useEffect, useMemo, useState } from "react"
+import { UserAuthForm } from "@/components/login/auth-form"
 import { pb } from "@/lib/api"
+import { Logo } from "../logo"
 import { ModeToggle } from "../mode-toggle"
+import { $router } from "../router"
+import { useTheme } from "../theme-provider"
+import ForgotPassword from "./forgot-pass-form"
 import { OtpRequestForm } from "./otp-forms"
 
 export default function () {
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ export default function () {
 		<div className="min-h-svh grid items-center py-12">
 			<div
 				className="grid gap-5 w-full px-4 mx-auto"
-				// @ts-ignore
+				// @ts-expect-error
 				style={{ maxWidth: "21.5em", "--border": theme == "light" ? "hsl(30, 8%, 70%)" : "hsl(220, 3%, 25%)" }}
 			>
 				<div className="absolute top-3 right-3">

internal/site/src/components/login/otp-forms.tsx

@@ -1,15 +1,15 @@
+import { Trans } from "@lingui/react/macro"
+import { LoaderCircle, MailIcon, SendHorizonalIcon } from "lucide-react"
 import { useCallback, useState } from "react"
+import { InputOTP, InputOTPGroup, InputOTPSlot } from "@/components/ui/otp"
 import { pb } from "@/lib/api"
 import { $authenticated } from "@/lib/stores"
-import { InputOTP, InputOTPGroup, InputOTPSlot } from "@/components/ui/otp"
-import { Trans } from "@lingui/react/macro"
-import { showLoginFaliedToast } from "./auth-form"
 import { cn } from "@/lib/utils"
-import { MailIcon, LoaderCircle, SendHorizonalIcon } from "lucide-react"
-import { Label } from "../ui/label"
+import { $router } from "../router"
 import { buttonVariants } from "../ui/button"
 import { Input } from "../ui/input"
-import { $router } from "../router"
+import { Label } from "../ui/label"
+import { showLoginFaliedToast } from "./auth-form"
 
 export function OtpInputForm({ otpId, mfaId }: { otpId: string; mfaId: string }) {
 	const [value, setValue] = useState("")

internal/site/src/components/mode-toggle.tsx

@@ -1,8 +1,7 @@
 import { t } from "@lingui/core/macro"
 import { MoonStarIcon, SunIcon } from "lucide-react"
-
-import { Button } from "@/components/ui/button"
 import { useTheme } from "@/components/theme-provider"
+import { Button } from "@/components/ui/button"
 
 export function ModeToggle() {
 	const { theme, setTheme } = useTheme()

internal/site/src/components/navbar.tsx

@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 import { Trans } from "@lingui/react/macro"
-import { useState, lazy, Suspense } from "react"
-import { Button, buttonVariants } from "@/components/ui/button"
+import { getPagePath } from "@nanostores/router"
 import {
 	DatabaseBackupIcon,
 	LogOutIcon,
@@ -11,23 +10,24 @@ import {
 	UserIcon,
 	UsersIcon,
 } from "lucide-react"
-import { $router, basePath, Link, prependBasePath } from "./router"
-import { LangToggle } from "./lang-toggle"
-import { ModeToggle } from "./mode-toggle"
-import { Logo } from "./logo"
-import { cn, runOnce } from "@/lib/utils"
-import { isReadOnlyUser, isAdmin, logOut, pb } from "@/lib/api"
+import { lazy, Suspense, useState } from "react"
+import { Button, buttonVariants } from "@/components/ui/button"
 import {
 	DropdownMenu,
-	DropdownMenuTrigger,
 	DropdownMenuContent,
-	DropdownMenuLabel,
-	DropdownMenuSeparator,
 	DropdownMenuGroup,
 	DropdownMenuItem,
+	DropdownMenuLabel,
+	DropdownMenuSeparator,
+	DropdownMenuTrigger,
 } from "@/components/ui/dropdown-menu"
+import { isAdmin, isReadOnlyUser, logOut, pb } from "@/lib/api"
+import { cn, runOnce } from "@/lib/utils"
 import { AddSystemButton } from "./add-system"
-import { getPagePath } from "@nanostores/router"
+import { LangToggle } from "./lang-toggle"
+import { Logo } from "./logo"
+import { ModeToggle } from "./mode-toggle"
+import { $router, basePath, Link, prependBasePath } from "./router"
 
 const CommandPalette = lazy(() => import("./command-palette"))
 

internal/site/src/components/router.tsx

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import { createRouter } from "@nanostores/router"
 
 const routes = {
 	home: "/",
-	system: `/system/:name`,
+	system: `/system/:id`,
 	settings: `/settings/:name?`,
 	forgot_password: `/forgot-password`,
 	request_otp: `/request-otp`,
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ export const prependBasePath = (path: string) => (basePath + path).replaceAll("/
 
 // prepend base path to routes
 for (const route in routes) {
-	// @ts-ignore need as const above to get nanostores to parse types properly
+	// @ts-expect-error need as const above to get nanostores to parse types properly
 	routes[route] = prependBasePath(routes[route])
 }
 

internal/site/src/components/routes/home.tsx

@@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ const ActiveAlerts = () => {
 											)}
 										</AlertDescription>
 										<Link
-											href={getPagePath($router, "system", { name: systems[alert.system]?.name })}
+											href={getPagePath($router, "system", { id: systems[alert.system]?.id })}
 											className="absolute inset-0 w-full h-full"
 											aria-label="View system"
 										></Link>

internal/site/src/components/routes/settings/tokens-fingerprints.tsx

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ import { Trans, useLingui } from "@lingui/react/macro"
 import { redirectPage } from "@nanostores/router"
 import {
 	CopyIcon,
+	ExternalLinkIcon,
 	FingerprintIcon,
 	KeyIcon,
 	MoreHorizontalIcon,
@@ -28,7 +29,7 @@ import {
 	DropdownMenuSeparator,
 	DropdownMenuTrigger,
 } from "@/components/ui/dropdown-menu"
-import { AppleIcon, DockerIcon, TuxIcon, WindowsIcon } from "@/components/ui/icons"
+import { AppleIcon, DockerIcon, FreeBsdIcon, TuxIcon, WindowsIcon } from "@/components/ui/icons"
 import { Separator } from "@/components/ui/separator"
 import { Switch } from "@/components/ui/switch"
 import { Table, TableBody, TableCell, TableHead, TableHeader, TableRow } from "@/components/ui/table"
@@ -150,6 +151,7 @@ const SectionUniversalToken = memo(() => {
 		setIsLoading(false)
 	}
 
+	// biome-ignore lint/correctness/useExhaustiveDependencies: only on mount
 	useEffect(() => {
 		updateToken()
 	}, [])
@@ -221,6 +223,16 @@ const ActionsButtonUniversalToken = memo(({ token, checked }: { token: string; c
 			onClick: () => copyWindowsCommand(port, publicKey, token),
 			icons: [WindowsIcon],
 		},
+		{
+			text: t({ message: "FreeBSD command", context: "Button to copy install command" }),
+			onClick: () => copyLinuxCommand(port, publicKey, token),
+			icons: [FreeBsdIcon],
+		},
+		{
+			text: t`Manual setup instructions`,
+			url: "https://beszel.dev/guide/agent-installation#binary",
+			icons: [ExternalLinkIcon],
+		},
 	]
 	return (
 		<div className="flex items-center gap-2">
@@ -291,8 +303,8 @@ const SectionTable = memo(({ fingerprints = [] }: { fingerprints: FingerprintRec
 					</tr>
 				</TableHeader>
 				<TableBody className="whitespace-pre">
-					{fingerprints.map((fingerprint, i) => (
-						<TableRow key={i}>
+					{fingerprints.map((fingerprint) => (
+						<TableRow key={fingerprint.id}>
 							<TableCell className="font-medium ps-5 py-2 max-w-60 truncate">
 								{fingerprint.expand.system.name}
 							</TableCell>
@@ -317,10 +329,10 @@ async function updateFingerprint(fingerprint: FingerprintRecord, rotateToken = f
 			fingerprint: "",
 			token: rotateToken ? generateToken() : fingerprint.token,
 		})
-	} catch (error: any) {
+	} catch (error: unknown) {
 		toast({
 			title: t`Error`,
-			description: error.message,
+			description: (error as Error).message,
 		})
 	}
 }

internal/site/src/components/routes/system.tsx

@@ -3,10 +3,18 @@ import { Plural, Trans, useLingui } from "@lingui/react/macro"
 import { useStore } from "@nanostores/react"
 import { getPagePath } from "@nanostores/router"
 import { timeTicks } from "d3-time"
-import { ClockArrowUp, CpuIcon, GlobeIcon, LayoutGridIcon, MonitorIcon, XIcon } from "lucide-react"
+import {
+	ChevronRightSquareIcon,
+	ClockArrowUp,
+	CpuIcon,
+	GlobeIcon,
+	LayoutGridIcon,
+	MonitorIcon,
+	XIcon,
+} from "lucide-react"
 import { subscribeKeys } from "nanostores"
 import React, { type JSX, memo, useCallback, useEffect, useMemo, useRef, useState } from "react"
-import AreaChartDefault from "@/components/charts/area-chart"
+import AreaChartDefault, { type DataPoint } from "@/components/charts/area-chart"
 import ContainerChart from "@/components/charts/container-chart"
 import DiskChart from "@/components/charts/disk-chart"
 import GpuPowerChart from "@/components/charts/gpu-power-chart"
@@ -16,9 +24,10 @@ import MemChart from "@/components/charts/mem-chart"
 import SwapChart from "@/components/charts/swap-chart"
 import TemperatureChart from "@/components/charts/temperature-chart"
 import { getPbTimestamp, pb } from "@/lib/api"
-import { ChartType, Os, SystemStatus, Unit } from "@/lib/enums"
+import { ChartType, ConnectionType, connectionTypeLabels, Os, SystemStatus, Unit } from "@/lib/enums"
 import { batteryStateTranslations } from "@/lib/i18n"
 import {
+	$allSystemsById,
 	$allSystemsByName,
 	$chartTime,
 	$containerFilter,
@@ -41,17 +50,28 @@ import {
 	toFixedFloat,
 	useBrowserStorage,
 } from "@/lib/utils"
-import type { ChartData, ChartTimes, ContainerStatsRecord, GPUData, SystemRecord, SystemStatsRecord } from "@/types"
+import type {
+	ChartData,
+	ChartTimes,
+	ContainerStatsRecord,
+	GPUData,
+	SystemInfo,
+	SystemRecord,
+	SystemStats,
+	SystemStatsRecord,
+} from "@/types"
 import ChartTimeSelect from "../charts/chart-time-select"
 import { $router, navigate } from "../router"
 import Spinner from "../spinner"
 import { Button } from "../ui/button"
 import { Card, CardDescription, CardHeader, CardTitle } from "../ui/card"
-import { AppleIcon, ChartAverage, ChartMax, FreeBsdIcon, Rows, TuxIcon, WindowsIcon } from "../ui/icons"
+import { AppleIcon, ChartAverage, ChartMax, FreeBsdIcon, Rows, TuxIcon, WebSocketIcon, WindowsIcon } from "../ui/icons"
 import { Input } from "../ui/input"
 import { Select, SelectContent, SelectItem, SelectTrigger, SelectValue } from "../ui/select"
 import { Separator } from "../ui/separator"
 import { Tooltip, TooltipContent, TooltipProvider, TooltipTrigger } from "../ui/tooltip"
+import NetworkSheet from "./system/network-sheet"
+import LineChartDefault from "../charts/line-chart"
 
 type ChartTimeData = {
 	time: number
@@ -73,7 +93,8 @@ function getTimeData(chartTime: ChartTimes, lastCreated: number) {
 		}
 	}
 
-	const now = new Date()
+	const buffer = chartTime === "1m" ? 400 : 20_000
+	const now = new Date(Date.now() + buffer)
 	const startTime = chartTimeData[chartTime].getOffset(now)
 	const ticks = timeTicks(startTime, now, chartTimeData[chartTime].ticks ?? 12).map((date) => date.getTime())
 	const data = {
@@ -85,25 +106,28 @@ function getTimeData(chartTime: ChartTimes, lastCreated: number) {
 }
 
 // add empty values between records to make gaps if interval is too large
-function addEmptyValues<T extends SystemStatsRecord | ContainerStatsRecord>(
+function addEmptyValues<T extends { created: string | number | null }>(
 	prevRecords: T[],
 	newRecords: T[],
 	expectedInterval: number
-) {
+): T[] {
 	const modifiedRecords: T[] = []
 	let prevTime = (prevRecords.at(-1)?.created ?? 0) as number
 	for (let i = 0; i < newRecords.length; i++) {
 		const record = newRecords[i]
-		record.created = new Date(record.created).getTime()
-		if (prevTime) {
+		if (record.created !== null) {
+			record.created = new Date(record.created).getTime()
+		}
+		if (prevTime && record.created !== null) {
 			const interval = record.created - prevTime
 			// if interval is too large, add a null record
 			if (interval > expectedInterval / 2 + expectedInterval) {
-				// @ts-expect-error
-				modifiedRecords.push({ created: null, stats: null })
+				modifiedRecords.push({ created: null, ...("stats" in record ? { stats: null } : {}) } as T)
 			}
 		}
-		prevTime = record.created
+		if (record.created !== null) {
+			prevTime = record.created
+		}
 		modifiedRecords.push(record)
 	}
 	return modifiedRecords
@@ -127,14 +151,14 @@ async function getStats<T extends SystemStatsRecord | ContainerStatsRecord>(
 	})
 }
 
-function dockerOrPodman(str: string, system: SystemRecord) {
+function dockerOrPodman(str: string, system: SystemRecord): string {
 	if (system.info.p) {
-		str = str.replace("docker", "podman").replace("Docker", "Podman")
+		return str.replace("docker", "podman").replace("Docker", "Podman")
 	}
 	return str
 }
 
-export default memo(function SystemDetail({ name }: { name: string }) {
+export default memo(function SystemDetail({ id }: { id: string }) {
 	const direction = useStore($direction)
 	const { t } = useLingui()
 	const systems = useStore($systems)
@@ -146,15 +170,13 @@ export default memo(function SystemDetail({ name }: { name: string }) {
 	const [containerData, setContainerData] = useState([] as ChartData["containerData"])
 	const netCardRef = useRef<HTMLDivElement>(null)
 	const persistChartTime = useRef(false)
-	const [containerFilterBar, setContainerFilterBar] = useState(null as null | JSX.Element)
 	const [bottomSpacing, setBottomSpacing] = useState(0)
 	const [chartLoading, setChartLoading] = useState(true)
-	const isLongerChart = chartTime !== "1h"
+	const isLongerChart = !["1m", "1h"].includes(chartTime) // true if chart time is not 1m or 1h
 	const userSettings = $userSettings.get()
 	const chartWrapRef = useRef<HTMLDivElement>(null)
 
 	useEffect(() => {
-		document.title = `${name} / Beszel`
 		return () => {
 			if (!persistChartTime.current) {
 				$chartTime.set($userSettings.get().chartTime)
@@ -162,18 +184,71 @@ export default memo(function SystemDetail({ name }: { name: string }) {
 			persistChartTime.current = false
 			setSystemStats([])
 			setContainerData([])
-			setContainerFilterBar(null)
 			$containerFilter.set("")
 		}
-	}, [name])
+	}, [id])
 
 	// find matching system and update when it changes
 	useEffect(() => {
-		return subscribeKeys($allSystemsByName, [name], (newSystems) => {
-			const sys = newSystems[name]
-			sys?.id && setSystem(sys)
+		if (!systems.length) {
+			return
+		}
+		// allow old system-name slug to work
+		const store = $allSystemsById.get()[id] ? $allSystemsById : $allSystemsByName
+		return subscribeKeys(store, [id], (newSystems) => {
+			const sys = newSystems[id]
+			if (sys) {
+				setSystem(sys)
+				document.title = `${sys?.name} / Beszel`
+			}
 		})
-	}, [name])
+	}, [id, systems.length])
+
+	// hide 1m chart time if system agent version is less than 0.13.0
+	useEffect(() => {
+		if (parseSemVer(system?.info?.v) < parseSemVer("0.13.0")) {
+			$chartTime.set("1h")
+		}
+	}, [system?.info?.v])
+
+	// subscribe to realtime metrics if chart time is 1m
+	// biome-ignore lint/correctness/useExhaustiveDependencies: not necessary
+	useEffect(() => {
+		let unsub = () => {}
+		if (!system.id || chartTime !== "1m") {
+			return
+		}
+		if (system.status !== SystemStatus.Up || parseSemVer(system?.info?.v).minor < 13) {
+			$chartTime.set("1h")
+			return
+		}
+		pb.realtime
+			.subscribe(
+				`rt_metrics`,
+				(data: { container: ContainerStatsRecord[]; info: SystemInfo; stats: SystemStats }) => {
+					if (data.container?.length > 0) {
+						const newContainerData = makeContainerData([
+							{ created: Date.now(), stats: data.container } as unknown as ContainerStatsRecord,
+						])
+						setContainerData((prevData) => addEmptyValues(prevData, prevData.slice(-59).concat(newContainerData), 1000))
+					}
+					setSystemStats((prevStats) =>
+						addEmptyValues(
+							prevStats,
+							prevStats.slice(-59).concat({ created: Date.now(), stats: data.stats } as SystemStatsRecord),
+							1000
+						)
+					)
+				},
+				{ query: { system: system.id } }
+			)
+			.then((us) => {
+				unsub = us
+			})
+		return () => {
+			unsub?.()
+		}
+	}, [chartTime, system.id])
 
 	// biome-ignore lint/correctness/useExhaustiveDependencies: not necessary
 	const chartData: ChartData = useMemo(() => {
@@ -211,13 +286,13 @@ export default memo(function SystemDetail({ name }: { name: string }) {
 			}
 			containerData.push(containerStats)
 		}
-		setContainerData(containerData)
+		return containerData
 	}, [])
 
 	// get stats
 	// biome-ignore lint/correctness/useExhaustiveDependencies: not necessary
 	useEffect(() => {
-		if (!system.id || !chartTime) {
+		if (!system.id || !chartTime || chartTime === "1m") {
 			return
 		}
 		// loading: true
@@ -251,12 +326,7 @@ export default memo(function SystemDetail({ name }: { name: string }) {
 				}
 				cache.set(cs_cache_key, containerData)
 			}
-			if (containerData.length) {
-				!containerFilterBar && setContainerFilterBar(<FilterBar />)
-			} else if (containerFilterBar) {
-				setContainerFilterBar(null)
-			}
-			makeContainerData(containerData)
+			setContainerData(makeContainerData(containerData))
 		})
 	}, [system, chartTime])
 
@@ -354,7 +424,7 @@ export default memo(function SystemDetail({ name }: { name: string }) {
 			) {
 				return
 			}
-			const currentIndex = systems.findIndex((s) => s.name === name)
+			const currentIndex = systems.findIndex((s) => s.id === id)
 			if (currentIndex === -1 || systems.length <= 1) {
 				return
 			}
@@ -363,18 +433,18 @@ export default memo(function SystemDetail({ name }: { name: string }) {
 				case "h": {
 					const prevIndex = (currentIndex - 1 + systems.length) % systems.length
 					persistChartTime.current = true
-					return navigate(getPagePath($router, "system", { name: systems[prevIndex].name }))
+					return navigate(getPagePath($router, "system", { id: systems[prevIndex].id }))
 				}
 				case "ArrowRight":
 				case "l": {
 					const nextIndex = (currentIndex + 1) % systems.length
 					persistChartTime.current = true
-					return navigate(getPagePath($router, "system", { name: systems[nextIndex].name }))
+					return navigate(getPagePath($router, "system", { id: systems[nextIndex].id }))
 				}
 			}
 		}
 		return listen(document, "keyup", handleKeyUp)
-	}, [name, systems])
+	}, [id, systems])
 
 	if (!system.id) {
 		return null
@@ -382,13 +452,15 @@ export default memo(function SystemDetail({ name }: { name: string }) {
 
 	// select field for switching between avg and max values
 	const maxValSelect = isLongerChart ? <SelectAvgMax max={maxValues} /> : null
-	const showMax = chartTime !== "1h" && maxValues
+	const showMax = maxValues && isLongerChart
+
+	const containerFilterBar = containerData.length ? <FilterBar /> : null
 
-	// if no data, show empty message
 	const dataEmpty = !chartLoading && chartData.systemStats.length === 0
 	const lastGpuVals = Object.values(systemStats.at(-1)?.stats.g ?? {})
 	const hasGpuData = lastGpuVals.length > 0
-	const hasGpuPowerData = lastGpuVals.some((gpu) => gpu.p !== undefined)
+	const hasGpuPowerData = lastGpuVals.some((gpu) => gpu.p !== undefined || gpu.pp !== undefined)
+	const hasGpuEnginesData = lastGpuVals.some((gpu) => gpu.e !== undefined)
 
 	let translatedStatus: string = system.status
 	if (system.status === SystemStatus.Up) {
@@ -406,25 +478,44 @@ export default memo(function SystemDetail({ name }: { name: string }) {
 						<div>
 							<h1 className="text-[1.6rem] font-semibold mb-1.5">{system.name}</h1>
 							<div className="flex flex-wrap items-center gap-3 gap-y-2 text-sm opacity-90">
-								<div className="capitalize flex gap-2 items-center">
-									<span className={cn("relative flex h-3 w-3")}>
-										{system.status === SystemStatus.Up && (
-											<span
-												className="animate-ping absolute inline-flex h-full w-full rounded-full bg-green-400 opacity-75"
-												style={{ animationDuration: "1.5s" }}
-											></span>
+								<TooltipProvider>
+									<Tooltip>
+										<TooltipTrigger asChild>
+											<div className="capitalize flex gap-2 items-center">
+												<span className={cn("relative flex h-3 w-3")}>
+													{system.status === SystemStatus.Up && (
+														<span
+															className="animate-ping absolute inline-flex h-full w-full rounded-full bg-green-400 opacity-75"
+															style={{ animationDuration: "1.5s" }}
+														></span>
+													)}
+													<span
+														className={cn("relative inline-flex rounded-full h-3 w-3", {
+															"bg-green-500": system.status === SystemStatus.Up,
+															"bg-red-500": system.status === SystemStatus.Down,
+															"bg-primary/40": system.status === SystemStatus.Paused,
+															"bg-yellow-500": system.status === SystemStatus.Pending,
+														})}
+													></span>
+												</span>
+												{translatedStatus}
+											</div>
+										</TooltipTrigger>
+										{system.info.ct && (
+											<TooltipContent>
+												<div className="flex gap-1 items-center">
+													{system.info.ct === ConnectionType.WebSocket ? (
+														<WebSocketIcon className="size-4" />
+													) : (
+														<ChevronRightSquareIcon className="size-4" strokeWidth={2} />
+													)}
+													{connectionTypeLabels[system.info.ct as ConnectionType]}
+												</div>
+											</TooltipContent>
 										)}
-										<span
-											className={cn("relative inline-flex rounded-full h-3 w-3", {
-												"bg-green-500": system.status === SystemStatus.Up,
-												"bg-red-500": system.status === SystemStatus.Down,
-												"bg-primary/40": system.status === SystemStatus.Paused,
-												"bg-yellow-500": system.status === SystemStatus.Pending,
-											})}
-										></span>
-									</span>
-									{translatedStatus}
-								</div>
+									</Tooltip>
+								</TooltipProvider>
+
 								{systemInfo.map(({ value, label, Icon, hide }) => {
 									if (hide || !value) {
 										return null
@@ -453,7 +544,7 @@ export default memo(function SystemDetail({ name }: { name: string }) {
 							</div>
 						</div>
 						<div className="xl:ms-auto flex items-center gap-2 max-sm:-mb-1">
-							<ChartTimeSelect className="w-full xl:w-40" />
+							<ChartTimeSelect className="w-full xl:w-40" agentVersion={chartData.agentVersion} />
 							<TooltipProvider delayDuration={100}>
 								<Tooltip>
 									<TooltipTrigger asChild>
@@ -564,23 +655,33 @@ export default memo(function SystemDetail({ name }: { name: string }) {
 							dataPoints={[
 								{
 									label: t({ message: "Write", comment: "Disk write" }),
-									dataKey: ({ stats }) => (showMax ? stats?.dwm : stats?.dw),
+									dataKey: ({ stats }: SystemStatsRecord) => {
+										if (showMax) {
+											return stats?.dio?.[1] ?? (stats?.dwm ?? 0) * 1024 * 1024
+										}
+										return stats?.dio?.[1] ?? (stats?.dw ?? 0) * 1024 * 1024
+									},
 									color: 3,
 									opacity: 0.3,
 								},
 								{
 									label: t({ message: "Read", comment: "Disk read" }),
-									dataKey: ({ stats }) => (showMax ? stats?.drm : stats?.dr),
+									dataKey: ({ stats }: SystemStatsRecord) => {
+										if (showMax) {
+											return stats?.diom?.[0] ?? (stats?.drm ?? 0) * 1024 * 1024
+										}
+										return stats?.dio?.[0] ?? (stats?.dr ?? 0) * 1024 * 1024
+									},
 									color: 1,
 									opacity: 0.3,
 								},
 							]}
 							tickFormatter={(val) => {
-								const { value, unit } = formatBytes(val, true, userSettings.unitDisk, true)
+								const { value, unit } = formatBytes(val, true, userSettings.unitDisk, false)
 								return `${toFixedFloat(value, value >= 10 ? 0 : 1)} ${unit}`
 							}}
 							contentFormatter={({ value }) => {
-								const { value: convertedValue, unit } = formatBytes(value, true, userSettings.unitDisk, true)
+								const { value: convertedValue, unit } = formatBytes(value, true, userSettings.unitDisk, false)
 								return `${decimalString(convertedValue, convertedValue >= 100 ? 1 : 2)} ${unit}`
 							}}
 						/>
@@ -590,7 +691,12 @@ export default memo(function SystemDetail({ name }: { name: string }) {
 						empty={dataEmpty}
 						grid={grid}
 						title={t`Bandwidth`}
-						cornerEl={maxValSelect}
+						cornerEl={
+							<div className="flex gap-2">
+								{maxValSelect}
+								<NetworkSheet chartData={chartData} dataEmpty={dataEmpty} grid={grid} maxValues={maxValues} />
+							</div>
+						}
 						description={t`Network traffic of public interfaces`}
 					>
 						<AreaChartDefault
@@ -600,7 +706,7 @@ export default memo(function SystemDetail({ name }: { name: string }) {
 								{
 									label: t`Sent`,
 									// use bytes if available, otherwise multiply old MB (can remove in future)
-									dataKey(data) {
+									dataKey(data: SystemStatsRecord) {
 										if (showMax) {
 											return data?.stats?.bm?.[0] ?? (data?.stats?.nsm ?? 0) * 1024 * 1024
 										}
@@ -611,7 +717,7 @@ export default memo(function SystemDetail({ name }: { name: string }) {
 								},
 								{
 									label: t`Received`,
-									dataKey(data) {
+									dataKey(data: SystemStatsRecord) {
 										if (showMax) {
 											return data?.stats?.bm?.[1] ?? (data?.stats?.nrm ?? 0) * 1024 * 1024
 										}
@@ -620,7 +726,9 @@ export default memo(function SystemDetail({ name }: { name: string }) {
 									color: 2,
 									opacity: 0.2,
 								},
-							]}
+							]
+								// try to place the lesser number in front for better visibility
+								.sort(() => (systemStats.at(-1)?.stats.b?.[1] ?? 0) - (systemStats.at(-1)?.stats.b?.[0] ?? 0))}
 							tickFormatter={(val) => {
 								const { value, unit } = formatBytes(val, true, userSettings.unitNet, false)
 								return `${toFixedFloat(value, value >= 10 ? 0 : 1)} ${unit}`
@@ -674,6 +782,7 @@ export default memo(function SystemDetail({ name }: { name: string }) {
 							grid={grid}
 							title={t`Load Average`}
 							description={t`System load averages over time`}
+							legend={true}
 						>
 							<LoadAverageChart chartData={chartData} />
 						</ChartCard>
@@ -687,6 +796,7 @@ export default memo(function SystemDetail({ name }: { name: string }) {
 							title={t`Temperature`}
 							description={t`Temperatures of system sensors`}
 							cornerEl={<FilterBar store={$temperatureFilter} />}
+							legend={Object.keys(systemStats.at(-1)?.stats.t ?? {}).length < 12}
 						>
 							<TemperatureChart chartData={chartData} />
 						</ChartCard>
@@ -720,7 +830,6 @@ export default memo(function SystemDetail({ name }: { name: string }) {
 							/>
 						</ChartCard>
 					)}
-
 					{/* GPU power draw chart */}
 					{hasGpuPowerData && (
 						<ChartCard
@@ -734,14 +843,26 @@ export default memo(function SystemDetail({ name }: { name: string }) {
 					)}
 				</div>
 
-				{/* GPU charts */}
+				{/* Non-power GPU charts */}
 				{hasGpuData && (
 					<div className="grid xl:grid-cols-2 gap-4">
+						{hasGpuEnginesData && (
+							<ChartCard
+								legend={true}
+								empty={dataEmpty}
+								grid={grid}
+								title={t`GPU Engines`}
+								description={t`Average utilization of GPU engines`}
+							>
+								<GpuEnginesChart chartData={chartData} />
+							</ChartCard>
+						)}
 						{Object.keys(systemStats.at(-1)?.stats.g ?? {}).map((id) => {
 							const gpu = systemStats.at(-1)?.stats.g?.[id] as GPUData
 							return (
 								<div key={id} className="contents">
 									<ChartCard
+										className={cn(grid && "!col-span-1")}
 										empty={dataEmpty}
 										grid={grid}
 										title={`${gpu.n} ${t`Usage`}`}
@@ -761,33 +882,36 @@ export default memo(function SystemDetail({ name }: { name: string }) {
 											contentFormatter={({ value }) => `${decimalString(value)}%`}
 										/>
 									</ChartCard>
-									<ChartCard
-										empty={dataEmpty}
-										grid={grid}
-										title={`${gpu.n} VRAM`}
-										description={t`Precise utilization at the recorded time`}
-									>
-										<AreaChartDefault
-											chartData={chartData}
-											dataPoints={[
-												{
-													label: t`Usage`,
-													dataKey: ({ stats }) => stats?.g?.[id]?.mu ?? 0,
-													color: 2,
-													opacity: 0.25,
-												},
-											]}
-											max={gpu.mt}
-											tickFormatter={(val) => {
-												const { value, unit } = formatBytes(val, false, Unit.Bytes, true)
-												return `${toFixedFloat(value, value >= 10 ? 0 : 1)} ${unit}`
-											}}
-											contentFormatter={({ value }) => {
-												const { value: convertedValue, unit } = formatBytes(value, false, Unit.Bytes, true)
-												return `${decimalString(convertedValue)} ${unit}`
-											}}
-										/>
-									</ChartCard>
+
+									{(gpu.mt ?? 0) > 0 && (
+										<ChartCard
+											empty={dataEmpty}
+											grid={grid}
+											title={`${gpu.n} VRAM`}
+											description={t`Precise utilization at the recorded time`}
+										>
+											<AreaChartDefault
+												chartData={chartData}
+												dataPoints={[
+													{
+														label: t`Usage`,
+														dataKey: ({ stats }) => stats?.g?.[id]?.mu ?? 0,
+														color: 2,
+														opacity: 0.25,
+													},
+												]}
+												max={gpu.mt}
+												tickFormatter={(val) => {
+													const { value, unit } = formatBytes(val, false, Unit.Bytes, true)
+													return `${toFixedFloat(value, value >= 10 ? 0 : 1)} ${unit}`
+												}}
+												contentFormatter={({ value }) => {
+													const { value: convertedValue, unit } = formatBytes(value, false, Unit.Bytes, true)
+													return `${decimalString(convertedValue)} ${unit}`
+												}}
+											/>
+										</ChartCard>
+									)}
 								</div>
 							)
 						})}
@@ -824,24 +948,36 @@ export default memo(function SystemDetail({ name }: { name: string }) {
 											dataPoints={[
 												{
 													label: t`Write`,
-													dataKey: ({ stats }) => stats?.efs?.[extraFsName]?.[showMax ? "wm" : "w"] ?? 0,
+													dataKey: ({ stats }) => {
+														if (showMax) {
+															return stats?.efs?.[extraFsName]?.wb ?? (stats?.efs?.[extraFsName]?.wm ?? 0) * 1024 * 1024
+														}
+														return stats?.efs?.[extraFsName]?.wb ?? (stats?.efs?.[extraFsName]?.w ?? 0) * 1024 * 1024
+													},
 													color: 3,
 													opacity: 0.3,
 												},
 												{
 													label: t`Read`,
-													dataKey: ({ stats }) => stats?.efs?.[extraFsName]?.[showMax ? "rm" : "r"] ?? 0,
+													dataKey: ({ stats }) => {
+														if (showMax) {
+															return (
+																stats?.efs?.[extraFsName]?.rbm ?? (stats?.efs?.[extraFsName]?.rm ?? 0) * 1024 * 1024
+															)
+														}
+														return stats?.efs?.[extraFsName]?.rb ?? (stats?.efs?.[extraFsName]?.r ?? 0) * 1024 * 1024
+													},
 													color: 1,
 													opacity: 0.3,
 												},
 											]}
 											maxToggled={maxValues}
 											tickFormatter={(val) => {
-												const { value, unit } = formatBytes(val, true, userSettings.unitDisk, true)
+												const { value, unit } = formatBytes(val, true, userSettings.unitDisk, false)
 												return `${toFixedFloat(value, value >= 10 ? 0 : 1)} ${unit}`
 											}}
 											contentFormatter={({ value }) => {
-												const { value: convertedValue, unit } = formatBytes(value, true, userSettings.unitDisk, true)
+												const { value: convertedValue, unit } = formatBytes(value, true, userSettings.unitDisk, false)
 												return `${decimalString(convertedValue, convertedValue >= 100 ? 1 : 2)} ${unit}`
 											}}
 										/>
@@ -859,27 +995,47 @@ export default memo(function SystemDetail({ name }: { name: string }) {
 	)
 })
 
+function GpuEnginesChart({ chartData }: { chartData: ChartData }) {
+	const dataPoints: DataPoint[] = []
+	const engines = Object.keys(chartData.systemStats?.at(-1)?.stats.g?.[0]?.e ?? {}).sort()
+	for (const engine of engines) {
+		dataPoints.push({
+			label: engine,
+			dataKey: ({ stats }: SystemStatsRecord) => stats?.g?.[0]?.e?.[engine] ?? 0,
+			color: `hsl(${140 + (((engines.indexOf(engine) * 360) / engines.length) % 360)}, 65%, 52%)`,
+			opacity: 0.35,
+		})
+	}
+	return (
+		<LineChartDefault
+			legend={true}
+			chartData={chartData}
+			dataPoints={dataPoints}
+			tickFormatter={(val) => `${toFixedFloat(val, 2)}%`}
+			contentFormatter={({ value }) => `${decimalString(value)}%`}
+		/>
+	)
+}
+
 function FilterBar({ store = $containerFilter }: { store?: typeof $containerFilter }) {
 	const containerFilter = useStore(store)
 	const { t } = useLingui()
-	const inputRef = useRef<HTMLInputElement>(null)
 
-	const debouncedStoreSet = useMemo(() => debounce((value: string) => store.set(value), 150), [store])
+	const debouncedStoreSet = useMemo(() => debounce((value: string) => store.set(value), 80), [store])
 
 	const handleChange = useCallback(
-		(e: React.ChangeEvent<HTMLInputElement>) => {
-			const value = e.target.value
-			if (inputRef.current) {
-				inputRef.current.value = value
-			}
-			debouncedStoreSet(value)
-		},
+		(e: React.ChangeEvent<HTMLInputElement>) => debouncedStoreSet(e.target.value),
 		[debouncedStoreSet]
 	)
 
 	return (
 		<>
-			<Input placeholder={t`Filter...`} className="ps-4 pe-8" onChange={handleChange} ref={inputRef} />
+			<Input
+				placeholder={t`Filter...`}
+				className="ps-4 pe-8 w-full sm:w-44"
+				onChange={handleChange}
+				value={containerFilter}
+			/>
 			{containerFilter && (
 				<Button
 					type="button"
@@ -887,12 +1043,7 @@ function FilterBar({ store = $containerFilter }: { store?: typeof $containerFilt
 					size="icon"
 					aria-label="Clear"
 					className="absolute right-1 top-1/2 -translate-y-1/2 h-7 w-7 text-gray-500 hover:text-gray-900 dark:text-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-100"
-					onClick={() => {
-						if (inputRef.current) {
-							inputRef.current.value = ""
-						}
-						store.set("")
-					}}
+					onClick={() => store.set("")}
 				>
 					<XIcon className="h-4 w-4" />
 				</Button>
@@ -905,7 +1056,7 @@ const SelectAvgMax = memo(({ max }: { max: boolean }) => {
 	const Icon = max ? ChartMax : ChartAverage
 	return (
 		<Select value={max ? "max" : "avg"} onValueChange={(e) => $maxValues.set(e === "max")}>
-			<SelectTrigger className="relative ps-10 pe-5">
+			<SelectTrigger className="relative ps-10 pe-5 w-full sm:w-44">
 				<Icon className="h-4 w-4 absolute start-4 top-1/2 -translate-y-1/2 opacity-85" />
 				<SelectValue />
 			</SelectTrigger>
@@ -921,13 +1072,15 @@ const SelectAvgMax = memo(({ max }: { max: boolean }) => {
 	)
 })
 
-function ChartCard({
+export function ChartCard({
 	title,
 	description,
 	children,
 	grid,
 	empty,
 	cornerEl,
+	legend,
+	className,
 }: {
 	title: string
 	description: string
@@ -935,17 +1088,22 @@ function ChartCard({
 	grid?: boolean
 	empty?: boolean
 	cornerEl?: JSX.Element | null
+	legend?: boolean
+	className?: string
 }) {
 	const { isIntersecting, ref } = useIntersectionObserver()
 
 	return (
-		<Card className={cn("pb-2 sm:pb-4 odd:last-of-type:col-span-full", { "col-span-full": !grid })} ref={ref}>
+		<Card
+			className={cn("pb-2 sm:pb-4 odd:last-of-type:col-span-full min-h-full", { "col-span-full": !grid }, className)}
+			ref={ref}
+		>
 			<CardHeader className="pb-5 pt-4 gap-1 relative max-sm:py-3 max-sm:px-4">
 				<CardTitle className="text-xl sm:text-2xl">{title}</CardTitle>
 				<CardDescription>{description}</CardDescription>
-				{cornerEl && <div className="relative py-1 block sm:w-44 sm:absolute sm:top-3.5 sm:end-3.5">{cornerEl}</div>}
+				{cornerEl && <div className="py-1 grid sm:justify-end sm:absolute sm:top-3.5 sm:end-3.5">{cornerEl}</div>}
 			</CardHeader>
-			<div className="ps-0 w-[calc(100%-1.5em)] h-48 md:h-52 relative group">
+			<div className={cn("ps-0 w-[calc(100%-1.5em)] relative group", legend ? "h-54 md:h-56" : "h-48 md:h-52")}>
 				{
 					<Spinner
 						msg={empty ? t`Waiting for enough records to display` : undefined}

internal/site/src/components/routes/system/network-sheet.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,156 @@
+import { t } from "@lingui/core/macro"
+import { useStore } from "@nanostores/react"
+import { MoreHorizontalIcon } from "lucide-react"
+import { memo, useRef, useState } from "react"
+import AreaChartDefault from "@/components/charts/area-chart"
+import ChartTimeSelect from "@/components/charts/chart-time-select"
+import { useNetworkInterfaces } from "@/components/charts/hooks"
+import { Button } from "@/components/ui/button"
+import { Sheet, SheetContent, SheetTrigger } from "@/components/ui/sheet"
+import { DialogTitle } from "@/components/ui/dialog"
+import { $userSettings } from "@/lib/stores"
+import { decimalString, formatBytes, toFixedFloat } from "@/lib/utils"
+import type { ChartData } from "@/types"
+import { ChartCard } from "../system"
+
+export default memo(function NetworkSheet({
+	chartData,
+	dataEmpty,
+	grid,
+	maxValues,
+}: {
+	chartData: ChartData
+	dataEmpty: boolean
+	grid: boolean
+	maxValues: boolean
+}) {
+	const [netInterfacesOpen, setNetInterfacesOpen] = useState(false)
+	const userSettings = useStore($userSettings)
+	const netInterfaces = useNetworkInterfaces(chartData.systemStats.at(-1)?.stats?.ni ?? {})
+	const showNetLegend = netInterfaces.length > 0 && netInterfaces.length < 15
+	const hasOpened = useRef(false)
+
+	if (netInterfacesOpen && !hasOpened.current) {
+		hasOpened.current = true
+	}
+
+	if (!netInterfaces.length) {
+		return null
+	}
+
+	return (
+		<Sheet open={netInterfacesOpen} onOpenChange={setNetInterfacesOpen}>
+			<DialogTitle className="sr-only">{t`Network traffic of public interfaces`}</DialogTitle>
+			<SheetTrigger asChild>
+				<Button
+					title={t`View more`}
+					variant="outline"
+					size="icon"
+					className="shrink-0 max-sm:absolute max-sm:top-3 max-sm:end-3"
+				>
+					<MoreHorizontalIcon />
+				</Button>
+			</SheetTrigger>
+			{hasOpened.current && (
+				<SheetContent aria-describedby={undefined} className="overflow-auto w-200 !max-w-full p-4 sm:p-6">
+					<ChartTimeSelect className="w-[calc(100%-2em)]" agentVersion={chartData.agentVersion} />
+					<ChartCard
+						empty={dataEmpty}
+						grid={grid}
+						title={t`Download`}
+						description={t`Network traffic of public interfaces`}
+						legend={showNetLegend}
+						className="min-h-auto"
+					>
+						<AreaChartDefault
+							chartData={chartData}
+							maxToggled={maxValues}
+							itemSorter={(a, b) => b.value - a.value}
+							dataPoints={netInterfaces.data(1)}
+							legend={showNetLegend}
+							tickFormatter={(val) => {
+								const { value, unit } = formatBytes(val, true, userSettings.unitNet, false)
+								return `${toFixedFloat(value, value >= 10 ? 0 : 1)} ${unit}`
+							}}
+							contentFormatter={({ value }) => {
+								const { value: convertedValue, unit } = formatBytes(value, true, userSettings.unitNet, false)
+								return `${decimalString(convertedValue, convertedValue >= 100 ? 1 : 2)} ${unit}`
+							}}
+						/>
+					</ChartCard>
+
+					<ChartCard
+						empty={dataEmpty}
+						grid={grid}
+						title={t`Upload`}
+						description={t`Network traffic of public interfaces`}
+						legend={showNetLegend}
+						className="min-h-auto"
+					>
+						<AreaChartDefault
+							chartData={chartData}
+							maxToggled={maxValues}
+							itemSorter={(a, b) => b.value - a.value}
+							legend={showNetLegend}
+							dataPoints={netInterfaces.data(0)}
+							tickFormatter={(val) => {
+								const { value, unit } = formatBytes(val, true, userSettings.unitNet, false)
+								return `${toFixedFloat(value, value >= 10 ? 0 : 1)} ${unit}`
+							}}
+							contentFormatter={({ value }) => {
+								const { value: convertedValue, unit } = formatBytes(value, true, userSettings.unitNet, false)
+								return `${decimalString(convertedValue, convertedValue >= 100 ? 1 : 2)} ${unit}`
+							}}
+						/>
+					</ChartCard>
+
+					<ChartCard
+						empty={dataEmpty}
+						grid={grid}
+						title={t`Cumulative Download`}
+						description={t`Total data received for each interface`}
+						legend={showNetLegend}
+						className="min-h-auto"
+					>
+						<AreaChartDefault
+							chartData={chartData}
+							legend={showNetLegend}
+							dataPoints={netInterfaces.data(3)}
+							tickFormatter={(val) => {
+								const { value, unit } = formatBytes(val, false, userSettings.unitNet, false)
+								return `${toFixedFloat(value, value >= 10 ? 0 : 1)} ${unit}`
+							}}
+							contentFormatter={({ value }) => {
+								const { value: convertedValue, unit } = formatBytes(value, false, userSettings.unitNet, false)
+								return `${decimalString(convertedValue, convertedValue >= 100 ? 1 : 2)} ${unit}`
+							}}
+						/>
+					</ChartCard>
+
+					<ChartCard
+						empty={dataEmpty}
+						grid={grid}
+						title={t`Cumulative Upload`}
+						description={t`Total data sent for each interface`}
+						legend={showNetLegend}
+						className="min-h-auto"
+					>
+						<AreaChartDefault
+							chartData={chartData}
+							legend={showNetLegend}
+							dataPoints={netInterfaces.data(2)}
+							tickFormatter={(val) => {
+								const { value, unit } = formatBytes(val, false, userSettings.unitNet, false)
+								return `${toFixedFloat(value, value >= 10 ? 0 : 1)} ${unit}`
+							}}
+							contentFormatter={({ value }) => {
+								const { value: convertedValue, unit } = formatBytes(value, false, userSettings.unitNet, false)
+								return `${decimalString(convertedValue, convertedValue >= 100 ? 1 : 2)} ${unit}`
+							}}
+						/>
+					</ChartCard>
+				</SheetContent>
+			)}
+		</Sheet>
+	)
+})

internal/site/src/components/spinner.tsx

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-import { cn } from "@/lib/utils"
 import { LoaderCircleIcon } from "lucide-react"
+import { cn } from "@/lib/utils"
 
 export default function ({ msg, className }: { msg?: string; className?: string }) {
 	return (

internal/site/src/components/systems-table/systems-table-columns.tsx

@@ -1,8 +1,12 @@
-import { SystemRecord } from "@/types"
-import { CellContext, ColumnDef, HeaderContext } from "@tanstack/react-table"
-import { ClassValue } from "clsx"
+import { t } from "@lingui/core/macro"
+import { Trans, useLingui } from "@lingui/react/macro"
+import { useStore } from "@nanostores/react"
+import { getPagePath } from "@nanostores/router"
+import type { CellContext, ColumnDef, HeaderContext } from "@tanstack/react-table"
+import type { ClassValue } from "clsx"
 import {
 	ArrowUpDownIcon,
+	ChevronRightSquareIcon,
 	CopyIcon,
 	CpuIcon,
 	HardDriveIcon,
@@ -15,7 +19,10 @@ import {
 	Trash2Icon,
 	WifiIcon,
 } from "lucide-react"
-import { Button } from "../ui/button"
+import { memo, useMemo, useRef, useState } from "react"
+import { isReadOnlyUser, pb } from "@/lib/api"
+import { ConnectionType, connectionTypeLabels, MeterState, SystemStatus } from "@/lib/enums"
+import { $longestSystemNameLen, $userSettings } from "@/lib/stores"
 import {
 	cn,
 	copyToClipboard,
@@ -25,24 +32,12 @@ import {
 	getMeterState,
 	parseSemVer,
 } from "@/lib/utils"
-import { EthernetIcon, GpuIcon, HourglassIcon, ThermometerIcon } from "../ui/icons"
-import { useStore } from "@nanostores/react"
-import { $longestSystemNameLen, $userSettings } from "@/lib/stores"
-import { Trans, useLingui } from "@lingui/react/macro"
-import { useMemo, useRef, useState } from "react"
-import { memo } from "react"
-import {
-	DropdownMenu,
-	DropdownMenuContent,
-	DropdownMenuItem,
-	DropdownMenuSeparator,
-	DropdownMenuTrigger,
-} from "../ui/dropdown-menu"
-import AlertButton from "../alerts/alert-button"
-import { Dialog } from "../ui/dialog"
+import type { SystemRecord } from "@/types"
 import { SystemDialog } from "../add-system"
-import { AlertDialog } from "../ui/alert-dialog"
+import AlertButton from "../alerts/alert-button"
+import { $router, Link } from "../router"
 import {
+	AlertDialog,
 	AlertDialogAction,
 	AlertDialogCancel,
 	AlertDialogContent,
@@ -51,12 +46,16 @@ import {
 	AlertDialogHeader,
 	AlertDialogTitle,
 } from "../ui/alert-dialog"
-import { buttonVariants } from "../ui/button"
-import { t } from "@lingui/core/macro"
-import { MeterState, SystemStatus } from "@/lib/enums"
-import { $router, Link } from "../router"
-import { getPagePath } from "@nanostores/router"
-import { isReadOnlyUser, pb } from "@/lib/api"
+import { Button, buttonVariants } from "../ui/button"
+import { Dialog } from "../ui/dialog"
+import {
+	DropdownMenu,
+	DropdownMenuContent,
+	DropdownMenuItem,
+	DropdownMenuSeparator,
+	DropdownMenuTrigger,
+} from "../ui/dropdown-menu"
+import { EthernetIcon, GpuIcon, HourglassIcon, ThermometerIcon, WebSocketIcon } from "../ui/icons"
 
 const STATUS_COLORS = {
 	[SystemStatus.Up]: "bg-green-500",
@@ -78,6 +77,7 @@ export default function SystemsTableColumns(viewMode: "table" | "grid"): ColumnD
 			accessorKey: "name",
 			id: "system",
 			name: () => t`System`,
+			sortingFn: (a, b) => a.original.name.localeCompare(b.original.name),
 			filterFn: (() => {
 				let filterInput = ""
 				let filterInputLower = ""
@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ export default function SystemsTableColumns(viewMode: "table" | "grid"): ColumnD
 			invertSorting: false,
 			Icon: ServerIcon,
 			cell: (info) => {
-				const { name } = info.row.original
+				const { name, id } = info.row.original
 				const longestName = useStore($longestSystemNameLen)
 				return (
 					<>
@@ -123,7 +123,7 @@ export default function SystemsTableColumns(viewMode: "table" | "grid"): ColumnD
 							</span>
 						</span>
 						<Link
-							href={getPagePath($router, "system", { name })}
+							href={getPagePath($router, "system", { id })}
 							className="inset-0 absolute size-full"
 							aria-label={name}
 						></Link>
@@ -273,24 +273,37 @@ export default function SystemsTableColumns(viewMode: "table" | "grid"): ColumnD
 					return null
 				}
 				const system = info.row.original
+				const color = {
+					"text-green-500": version === globalThis.BESZEL.HUB_VERSION,
+					"text-yellow-500": version !== globalThis.BESZEL.HUB_VERSION,
+					"text-red-500": system.status !== SystemStatus.Up,
+				}
 				return (
-					<span className={cn("flex gap-1.5 items-center md:pe-5 tabular-nums", viewMode === "table" && "ps-0.5")}>
-						<IndicatorDot
-							system={system}
-							className={
-								(system.status !== SystemStatus.Up && STATUS_COLORS[SystemStatus.Paused]) ||
-								(version === globalThis.BESZEL.HUB_VERSION && STATUS_COLORS[SystemStatus.Up]) ||
-								STATUS_COLORS[SystemStatus.Pending]
-							}
-						/>
+					<Link
+						href={getPagePath($router, "system", { id: system.id })}
+						className={cn(
+							"flex gap-1.5 items-center md:pe-5 tabular-nums relative z-10",
+							viewMode === "table" && "ps-0.5"
+						)}
+						tabIndex={-1}
+						title={connectionTypeLabels[system.info.ct as ConnectionType]}
+						role="none"
+					>
+						{system.info.ct === ConnectionType.WebSocket && (
+							<WebSocketIcon className={cn("size-3 pointer-events-none", color)} />
+						)}
+						{system.info.ct === ConnectionType.SSH && (
+							<ChevronRightSquareIcon className={cn("size-3 pointer-events-none", color)} />
+						)}
+						{!system.info.ct && <IndicatorDot system={system} className={cn(color, "bg-current mx-0.5")} />}
 						<span className="truncate max-w-14">{info.getValue() as string}</span>
-					</span>
+					</Link>
 				)
 			},
 		},
 		{
 			id: "actions",
-			// @ts-ignore
+			// @ts-expect-error
 			name: () => t({ message: "Actions", comment: "Table column" }),
 			size: 50,
 			cell: ({ row }) => (
@@ -305,12 +318,13 @@ export default function SystemsTableColumns(viewMode: "table" | "grid"): ColumnD
 
 function sortableHeader(context: HeaderContext<SystemRecord, unknown>) {
 	const { column } = context
-	// @ts-ignore
+	// @ts-expect-error
 	const { Icon, hideSort, name }: { Icon: React.ElementType; name: () => string; hideSort: boolean } = column.columnDef
+	const isSorted = column.getIsSorted()
 	return (
 		<Button
 			variant="ghost"
-			className="h-9 px-3 flex"
+			className={cn("h-9 px-3 flex duration-50", isSorted && "bg-accent/70 light:bg-accent text-accent-foreground/90")}
 			onClick={() => column.toggleSorting(column.getIsSorted() === "asc")}
 		>
 			{Icon && <Icon className="me-2 size-4" />}
@@ -353,7 +367,7 @@ export function IndicatorDot({ system, className }: { system: SystemRecord; clas
 export const ActionsButton = memo(({ system }: { system: SystemRecord }) => {
 	const [deleteOpen, setDeleteOpen] = useState(false)
 	const [editOpen, setEditOpen] = useState(false)
-	let editOpened = useRef(false)
+	const editOpened = useRef(false)
 	const { t } = useLingui()
 	const { id, status, host, name } = system
 

internal/site/src/components/systems-table/systems-table.tsx

@@ -1,17 +1,31 @@
+import { Trans, useLingui } from "@lingui/react/macro"
+import { useStore } from "@nanostores/react"
+import { getPagePath } from "@nanostores/router"
 import {
-	ColumnDef,
-	ColumnFiltersState,
-	getFilteredRowModel,
-	SortingState,
-	getSortedRowModel,
+	type ColumnDef,
+	type ColumnFiltersState,
 	flexRender,
-	VisibilityState,
 	getCoreRowModel,
+	getFilteredRowModel,
+	getSortedRowModel,
+	type Row,
+	type SortingState,
+	type Table as TableType,
 	useReactTable,
-	Row,
-	Table as TableType,
+	type VisibilityState,
 } from "@tanstack/react-table"
-import { TableBody, TableCell, TableHead, TableHeader, TableRow } from "@/components/ui/table"
+import { useVirtualizer, type VirtualItem } from "@tanstack/react-virtual"
+import {
+	ArrowDownIcon,
+	ArrowUpDownIcon,
+	ArrowUpIcon,
+	EyeIcon,
+	FilterIcon,
+	LayoutGridIcon,
+	LayoutListIcon,
+	Settings2Icon,
+} from "lucide-react"
+import { memo, useEffect, useMemo, useRef, useState } from "react"
 import { Button } from "@/components/ui/button"
 import {
 	DropdownMenu,
@@ -24,30 +38,16 @@ import {
 	DropdownMenuSeparator,
 	DropdownMenuTrigger,
 } from "@/components/ui/dropdown-menu"
-import { SystemRecord } from "@/types"
-import {
-	ArrowUpDownIcon,
-	LayoutGridIcon,
-	LayoutListIcon,
-	ArrowDownIcon,
-	ArrowUpIcon,
-	Settings2Icon,
-	EyeIcon,
-	FilterIcon,
-} from "lucide-react"
-import { memo, useEffect, useMemo, useRef, useState } from "react"
-import { $pausedSystems, $downSystems, $upSystems, $systems } from "@/lib/stores"
-import { useStore } from "@nanostores/react"
-import { cn, runOnce, useBrowserStorage } from "@/lib/utils"
-import { $router, Link } from "../router"
-import { useLingui, Trans } from "@lingui/react/macro"
-import { Card, CardContent, CardDescription, CardHeader, CardTitle } from "../ui/card"
 import { Input } from "@/components/ui/input"
-import { getPagePath } from "@nanostores/router"
-import SystemsTableColumns, { ActionsButton, IndicatorDot } from "./systems-table-columns"
-import AlertButton from "../alerts/alert-button"
+import { TableBody, TableCell, TableHead, TableHeader, TableRow } from "@/components/ui/table"
 import { SystemStatus } from "@/lib/enums"
-import { useVirtualizer, VirtualItem } from "@tanstack/react-virtual"
+import { $downSystems, $pausedSystems, $systems, $upSystems } from "@/lib/stores"
+import { cn, runOnce, useBrowserStorage } from "@/lib/utils"
+import type { SystemRecord } from "@/types"
+import AlertButton from "../alerts/alert-button"
+import { $router, Link } from "../router"
+import { Card, CardContent, CardDescription, CardHeader, CardTitle } from "../ui/card"
+import SystemsTableColumns, { ActionsButton, IndicatorDot } from "./systems-table-columns"
 
 type ViewMode = "table" | "grid"
 type StatusFilter = "all" | SystemRecord["status"]
@@ -131,7 +131,6 @@ export default function SystemsTable() {
 		return [Object.values(upSystems).length, Object.values(downSystems).length, Object.values(pausedSystems).length]
 	}, [upSystems, downSystems, pausedSystems])
 
-	// TODO: hiding temp then gpu messes up table headers
 	const CardHead = useMemo(() => {
 		return (
 			<CardHeader className="pb-4.5 px-2 sm:px-6 max-sm:pt-5 max-sm:pb-1">
@@ -309,128 +308,121 @@ export default function SystemsTable() {
 	)
 }
 
-const AllSystemsTable = memo(function ({
-	table,
-	rows,
-	colLength,
-}: {
-	table: TableType<SystemRecord>
-	rows: Row<SystemRecord>[]
-	colLength: number
-}) {
-	// The virtualizer will need a reference to the scrollable container element
-	const scrollRef = useRef<HTMLDivElement>(null)
+const AllSystemsTable = memo(
+	({ table, rows, colLength }: { table: TableType<SystemRecord>; rows: Row<SystemRecord>[]; colLength: number }) => {
+		// The virtualizer will need a reference to the scrollable container element
+		const scrollRef = useRef<HTMLDivElement>(null)
 
-	const virtualizer = useVirtualizer<HTMLDivElement, HTMLTableRowElement>({
-		count: rows.length,
-		estimateSize: () => (rows.length > 10 ? 56 : 60),
-		getScrollElement: () => scrollRef.current,
-		overscan: 5,
-	})
-	const virtualRows = virtualizer.getVirtualItems()
+		const virtualizer = useVirtualizer<HTMLDivElement, HTMLTableRowElement>({
+			count: rows.length,
+			estimateSize: () => (rows.length > 10 ? 56 : 60),
+			getScrollElement: () => scrollRef.current,
+			overscan: 5,
+		})
+		const virtualRows = virtualizer.getVirtualItems()
 
-	const paddingTop = Math.max(0, virtualRows[0]?.start ?? 0 - virtualizer.options.scrollMargin)
-	const paddingBottom = Math.max(0, virtualizer.getTotalSize() - (virtualRows[virtualRows.length - 1]?.end ?? 0))
+		const paddingTop = Math.max(0, virtualRows[0]?.start ?? 0 - virtualizer.options.scrollMargin)
+		const paddingBottom = Math.max(0, virtualizer.getTotalSize() - (virtualRows[virtualRows.length - 1]?.end ?? 0))
 
-	return (
-		<div
-			className={cn(
-				"h-min max-h-[calc(100dvh-17rem)] max-w-full relative overflow-auto border rounded-md",
-				// don't set min height if there are less than 2 rows, do set if we need to display the empty state
-				(!rows.length || rows.length > 2) && "min-h-50"
-			)}
-			ref={scrollRef}
-		>
-			{/* add header height to table size */}
-			<div style={{ height: `${virtualizer.getTotalSize() + 50}px`, paddingTop, paddingBottom }}>
-				<table className="text-sm w-full h-full">
-					<SystemsTableHead table={table} colLength={colLength} />
-					<TableBody onMouseEnter={preloadSystemDetail}>
-						{rows.length ? (
-							virtualRows.map((virtualRow) => {
-								const row = rows[virtualRow.index] as Row<SystemRecord>
-								return (
-									<SystemTableRow
-										key={row.id}
-										row={row}
-										virtualRow={virtualRow}
-										length={rows.length}
-										colLength={colLength}
-									/>
-								)
-							})
-						) : (
-							<TableRow>
-								<TableCell colSpan={colLength} className="h-37 text-center pointer-events-none">
-									<Trans>No systems found.</Trans>
-								</TableCell>
-							</TableRow>
-						)}
-					</TableBody>
-				</table>
-			</div>
-		</div>
-	)
-})
-
-function SystemsTableHead({ table, colLength }: { table: TableType<SystemRecord>; colLength: number }) {
-	const { i18n } = useLingui()
-
-	return useMemo(() => {
 		return (
-			<TableHeader className="sticky top-0 z-20 w-full border-b-2">
-				{table.getHeaderGroups().map((headerGroup) => (
-					<tr key={headerGroup.id}>
-						{headerGroup.headers.map((header) => {
-							return (
-								<TableHead className="px-1.5" key={header.id}>
-									{flexRender(header.column.columnDef.header, header.getContext())}
-								</TableHead>
-							)
-						})}
-					</tr>
-				))}
-			</TableHeader>
+			<div
+				className={cn(
+					"h-min max-h-[calc(100dvh-17rem)] max-w-full relative overflow-auto border rounded-md",
+					// don't set min height if there are less than 2 rows, do set if we need to display the empty state
+					(!rows.length || rows.length > 2) && "min-h-50"
+				)}
+				ref={scrollRef}
+			>
+				{/* add header height to table size */}
+				<div style={{ height: `${virtualizer.getTotalSize() + 50}px`, paddingTop, paddingBottom }}>
+					<table className="text-sm w-full h-full">
+						<SystemsTableHead table={table} />
+						<TableBody onMouseEnter={preloadSystemDetail}>
+							{rows.length ? (
+								virtualRows.map((virtualRow) => {
+									const row = rows[virtualRow.index] as Row<SystemRecord>
+									return (
+										<SystemTableRow
+											key={row.id}
+											row={row}
+											virtualRow={virtualRow}
+											length={rows.length}
+											colLength={colLength}
+										/>
+									)
+								})
+							) : (
+								<TableRow>
+									<TableCell colSpan={colLength} className="h-37 text-center pointer-events-none">
+										<Trans>No systems found.</Trans>
+									</TableCell>
+								</TableRow>
+							)}
+						</TableBody>
+					</table>
+				</div>
+			</div>
 		)
-	}, [i18n.locale, colLength])
+	}
+)
+
+function SystemsTableHead({ table }: { table: TableType<SystemRecord> }) {
+	const { t } = useLingui()
+	return (
+		<TableHeader className="sticky top-0 z-50 w-full border-b-2">
+			{table.getHeaderGroups().map((headerGroup) => (
+				<tr key={headerGroup.id}>
+					{headerGroup.headers.map((header) => {
+						return (
+							<TableHead className="px-1.5" key={header.id}>
+								{flexRender(header.column.columnDef.header, header.getContext())}
+							</TableHead>
+						)
+					})}
+				</tr>
+			))}
+		</TableHeader>
+	)
 }
 
-const SystemTableRow = memo(function ({
-	row,
-	virtualRow,
-	colLength,
-}: {
-	row: Row<SystemRecord>
-	virtualRow: VirtualItem
-	length: number
-	colLength: number
-}) {
-	const system = row.original
-	const { t } = useLingui()
-	return useMemo(() => {
-		return (
-			<TableRow
-				// data-state={row.getIsSelected() && "selected"}
-				className={cn("cursor-pointer transition-opacity relative safari:transform-3d", {
-					"opacity-50": system.status === SystemStatus.Paused,
-				})}
-			>
-				{row.getVisibleCells().map((cell) => (
-					<TableCell
-						key={cell.id}
-						style={{
-							width: cell.column.getSize(),
-							height: virtualRow.size,
-						}}
-						className="py-0"
-					>
-						{flexRender(cell.column.columnDef.cell, cell.getContext())}
-					</TableCell>
-				))}
-			</TableRow>
-		)
-	}, [system, system.status, colLength, t])
-})
+const SystemTableRow = memo(
+	({
+		row,
+		virtualRow,
+		colLength,
+	}: {
+		row: Row<SystemRecord>
+		virtualRow: VirtualItem
+		length: number
+		colLength: number
+	}) => {
+		const system = row.original
+		const { t } = useLingui()
+		return useMemo(() => {
+			return (
+				<TableRow
+					// data-state={row.getIsSelected() && "selected"}
+					className={cn("cursor-pointer transition-opacity relative safari:transform-3d", {
+						"opacity-50": system.status === SystemStatus.Paused,
+					})}
+				>
+					{row.getVisibleCells().map((cell) => (
+						<TableCell
+							key={cell.id}
+							style={{
+								width: cell.column.getSize(),
+								height: virtualRow.size,
+							}}
+							className="py-0"
+						>
+							{flexRender(cell.column.columnDef.cell, cell.getContext())}
+						</TableCell>
+					))}
+				</TableRow>
+			)
+		}, [system, system.status, colLength, t])
+	}
+)
 
 const SystemCard = memo(
 	({ row, table, colLength }: { row: Row<SystemRecord>; table: TableType<SystemRecord>; colLength: number }) => {
@@ -471,7 +463,7 @@ const SystemCard = memo(
 								if (!column.getIsVisible() || column.id === "system" || column.id === "actions") return null
 								const cell = row.getAllCells().find((cell) => cell.column.id === column.id)
 								if (!cell) return null
-								// @ts-ignore
+								// @ts-expect-error
 								const { Icon, name } = column.columnDef as ColumnDef<SystemRecord, unknown>
 								return (
 									<>
@@ -494,7 +486,7 @@ const SystemCard = memo(
 						</div>
 					</CardContent>
 					<Link
-						href={getPagePath($router, "system", { name: row.original.name })}
+						href={getPagePath($router, "system", { id: row.original.id })}
 						className="inset-0 absolute w-full h-full"
 					>
 						<span className="sr-only">{row.original.name}</span>

internal/site/src/components/ui/icons.tsx

@@ -130,3 +130,12 @@ export function HourglassIcon(props: SVGProps<SVGSVGElement>) {
 		</svg>
 	)
 }
+
+export function WebSocketIcon(props: SVGProps<SVGSVGElement>) {
+	return (
+		<svg viewBox="0 0 256 193" {...props} fill="currentColor">
+			<title>WebSocket</title>
+			<path d="M192 145h32V68l-36-35-22 22 26 27zm32 16H113l-26-27 11-11 22 22h45l-44-45 11-11 44 44V88l-21-22 11-11-55-55H0l32 32h65l24 23-34 34-24-23V48H32v31l55 55-23 22 36 36h156z" />
+		</svg>
+	)
+}

internal/site/src/lib/api.ts

@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ export const verifyAuth = () => {
 }
 
 /** Logs the user out by clearing the auth store and unsubscribing from realtime updates. */
-export async function logOut() {
+export function logOut() {
 	$allSystemsByName.set({})
 	$alerts.set({})
 	$userSettings.set({} as UserSettings)

internal/site/src/lib/enums.ts

@@ -53,3 +53,11 @@ export enum HourFormat {
 	"12h" = "12h",
 	"24h" = "24h",
 }
+
+/** Connection type */
+export enum ConnectionType {
+	SSH = 1,
+	WebSocket,
+}
+
+export const connectionTypeLabels = ["", "SSH", "WebSocket"] as const

internal/site/src/lib/systemsManager.ts

@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/** biome-ignore-all lint/suspicious/noAssignInExpressions: it's fine :) */
 import type { PreinitializedMapStore } from "nanostores"
 import { pb, verifyAuth } from "@/lib/api"
 import {
@@ -16,9 +17,10 @@ const COLLECTION = pb.collection<SystemRecord>("systems")
 const FIELDS_DEFAULT = "id,name,host,port,info,status"
 
 /** Maximum system name length for display purposes */
-const MAX_SYSTEM_NAME_LENGTH = 20
+const MAX_SYSTEM_NAME_LENGTH = 22
 
 let initialized = false
+// biome-ignore lint/suspicious/noConfusingVoidType: typescript rocks
 let unsub: (() => void) | undefined | void
 
 /** Initialize the systems manager and set up listeners */
@@ -104,20 +106,37 @@ async function fetchSystems(): Promise<SystemRecord[]> {
 	}
 }
 
+/** Makes sure the system has valid info object and throws if not */
+function validateSystemInfo(system: SystemRecord) {
+	if (!("cpu" in system.info)) {
+		throw new Error(`${system.name} has no CPU info`)
+	}
+}
+
 /** Add system to both name and ID stores */
 export function add(system: SystemRecord) {
-	$allSystemsByName.setKey(system.name, system)
-	$allSystemsById.setKey(system.id, system)
+	try {
+		validateSystemInfo(system)
+		$allSystemsByName.setKey(system.name, system)
+		$allSystemsById.setKey(system.id, system)
+	} catch (error) {
+		console.error(error)
+	}
 }
 
 /** Update system in stores */
 export function update(system: SystemRecord) {
-	// if name changed, make sure old name is removed from the name store
-	const oldName = $allSystemsById.get()[system.id]?.name
-	if (oldName !== system.name) {
-		$allSystemsByName.setKey(oldName, undefined as any)
+	try {
+		validateSystemInfo(system)
+		// if name changed, make sure old name is removed from the name store
+		const oldName = $allSystemsById.get()[system.id]?.name
+		if (oldName !== system.name) {
+			$allSystemsByName.setKey(oldName, undefined as unknown as SystemRecord)
+		}
+		add(system)
+	} catch (error) {
+		console.error(error)
 	}
-	add(system)
 }
 
 /** Remove system from stores */
@@ -132,7 +151,7 @@ export function remove(system: SystemRecord) {
 /** Remove system from specific store */
 function removeFromStore(system: SystemRecord, store: PreinitializedMapStore<Record<string, SystemRecord>>) {
 	const key = store === $allSystemsByName ? system.name : system.id
-	store.setKey(key, undefined as any)
+	store.setKey(key, undefined as unknown as SystemRecord)
 }
 
 /** Action functions for subscription */

internal/site/src/lib/utils.ts

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 import { t } from "@lingui/core/macro"
 import { type ClassValue, clsx } from "clsx"
-import { timeDay, timeHour } from "d3-time"
+import { listenKeys } from "nanostores"
+import { timeDay, timeHour, timeMinute } from "d3-time"
 import { useEffect, useState } from "react"
 import { twMerge } from "tailwind-merge"
 import { prependBasePath } from "@/components/router"
@@ -8,7 +9,6 @@ import { toast } from "@/components/ui/use-toast"
 import type { ChartTimeData, FingerprintRecord, SemVer, SystemRecord } from "@/types"
 import { HourFormat, MeterState, Unit } from "./enums"
 import { $copyContent, $userSettings } from "./stores"
-import { listenKeys } from "nanostores"
 
 export const FAVICON_DEFAULT = "favicon.svg"
 export const FAVICON_GREEN = "favicon-green.svg"
@@ -54,9 +54,18 @@ const createShortDateFormatter = (hour12?: boolean) =>
 		hour12,
 	})
 
+const createHourWithSecondsFormatter = (hour12?: boolean) =>
+	new Intl.DateTimeFormat(undefined, {
+		hour: "numeric",
+		minute: "numeric",
+		second: "numeric",
+		hour12,
+	})
+
 // Initialize formatters with default values
 let hourWithMinutesFormatter = createHourWithMinutesFormatter()
 let shortDateFormatter = createShortDateFormatter()
+let hourWithSecondsFormatter = createHourWithSecondsFormatter()
 
 export const currentHour12 = () => shortDateFormatter.resolvedOptions().hour12
 
@@ -68,6 +77,10 @@ export const formatShortDate = (timestamp: string) => {
 	return shortDateFormatter.format(new Date(timestamp))
 }
 
+export const hourWithSeconds = (timestamp: string) => {
+	return hourWithSecondsFormatter.format(new Date(timestamp))
+}
+
 // Update the time formatters if user changes hourFormat
 listenKeys($userSettings, ["hourFormat"], ({ hourFormat }) => {
 	if (!hourFormat) return
@@ -75,6 +88,7 @@ listenKeys($userSettings, ["hourFormat"], ({ hourFormat }) => {
 	if (currentHour12() !== newHour12) {
 		hourWithMinutesFormatter = createHourWithMinutesFormatter(newHour12)
 		shortDateFormatter = createShortDateFormatter(newHour12)
+		hourWithSecondsFormatter = createHourWithSecondsFormatter(newHour12)
 	}
 })
 
@@ -91,6 +105,15 @@ export const updateFavicon = (newIcon: string) => {
 }
 
 export const chartTimeData: ChartTimeData = {
+	"1m": {
+		type: "1m",
+		expectedInterval: 1000,
+		label: () => t`1 minute`,
+		format: (timestamp: string) => hourWithSeconds(timestamp),
+		ticks: 3,
+		getOffset: (endTime: Date) => timeMinute.offset(endTime, -1),
+		minVersion: "0.13.0",
+	},
 	"1h": {
 		type: "1m",
 		expectedInterval: 60_000,
@@ -179,8 +202,8 @@ export function formatTemperature(celsius: number, unit?: Unit): { value: number
 	if (!unit) {
 		unit = $userSettings.get().unitTemp || Unit.Celsius
 	}
-	// need loose equality check due to form data being strings
-	if (unit === Unit.Fahrenheit) {
+	// biome-ignore lint/suspicious/noDoubleEquals: need loose equality check due to form data being strings
+	if (unit == Unit.Fahrenheit) {
 		return {
 			value: celsius * 1.8 + 32,
 			unit: "°F",
@@ -202,8 +225,8 @@ export function formatBytes(
 	// Convert MB to bytes if isMegabytes is true
 	if (isMegabytes) size *= 1024 * 1024
 
-	// need loose equality check due to form data being strings
-	if (unit === Unit.Bits) {
+	// biome-ignore lint/suspicious/noDoubleEquals: need loose equality check due to form data being strings
+	if (unit == Unit.Bits) {
 		const bits = size * 8
 		const suffix = perSecond ? "ps" : ""
 		if (bits < 1000) return { value: bits, unit: `b${suffix}` }
@@ -278,7 +301,7 @@ export const generateToken = () => {
 }
 
 /** Get the hub URL from the global BESZEL object */
-export const getHubURL = () => BESZEL?.HUB_URL || window.location.origin
+export const getHubURL = () => globalThis.BESZEL?.HUB_URL || window.location.origin
 
 /** Map of system IDs to their corresponding tokens (used to avoid fetching in add-system dialog) */
 export const tokenMap = new Map<SystemRecord["id"], FingerprintRecord["token"]>()
@@ -333,6 +356,17 @@ export const parseSemVer = (semVer = ""): SemVer => {
 	return { major: parts?.[0] ?? 0, minor: parts?.[1] ?? 0, patch: parts?.[2] ?? 0 }
 }
 
+/** Compare two semver strings. Returns -1 if a is less than b, 0 if a is equal to b, and 1 if a is greater than b. */
+export function compareSemVer(a: SemVer, b: SemVer) {
+	if (a.major !== b.major) {
+		return a.major - b.major
+	}
+	if (a.minor !== b.minor) {
+		return a.minor - b.minor
+	}
+	return a.patch - b.patch
+}
+
 /** Get meter state from 0-100 value. Used for color coding meters. */
 export function getMeterState(value: number): MeterState {
 	const { colorWarn = 65, colorCrit = 90 } = $userSettings.get()